GOES-14
Imager and Sounder
a preliminary look
Timothy J. Schmit
NOAA/NESDIS/Satellite Applications and Research
Advanced Satellite Products Branch (ASPB)
Mathew M. Gunshor, Tony Schreiner, Scott Bachmeier, Joleen Feltz,
Steve Wanzong, SSEC Data Center, etc.
CIMSS/SSEC, Madison, WI
Don Hillger and Tim Schmit co-lead the NOAA Science Test
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Outline
• Introduction
• First imager and sounder images
– Issues
– Comparisons
• Improved imager band 6 (13.3 um) spatial
resolution
• Preliminary inter-calibration results
• Improved INR and Operation thru eclipse
• Initial products (imager and sounder)
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• Web links
GOES-14
GOES-13/14/P have similar
instruments to GOES-812, but on a different
spacecraft bus.
Spring and fall eclipse
outages will be avoided
by larger onboard
batteries.
GOES-8/12
Improved navigation
Improved radiometrics
GOES-13/14/P
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GOES-14
von Karman vorticies
• GOES-O Science Test web page:
http://rammb.cira.colostate.edu/projects/goes-o/
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sediment plume
vortex in the marine layer clouds , snow
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actinoform clouds
Amazon suppressing the formation of cumulus
Noted several issue with initial GOES-14 data
•
Important diagnostic
work was undertaken. After an issue
was raised dealing
with the data stream
of imager band 6,
the suggested fix
was implemented at
the ground station.
Many groups, both
within
NOAA/NESDIS, the
Cooperative
Institutes, NASA and
others, quickly
worked together to
fix this issue.
GOES-14 Imager
Erroneous line headers of the GOES-14 Imager bands 3 and 6
(the 6.5 and 13.3 um) in the first official full disk images.
The first two official full disk images were ‘too wide’ and hence displayed
‘extra’ header information within the frame of data.
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Sponsor: OSD G-PSDI Program
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Noted several issue with initial GOES-14 data
GOES-12 Imager
•
Important diagnostic
work was under-taken.
After an issue was
raised dealing with the
data stream of imager
band 6 (13.3 um) , the
suggested fix was
implemented at the
ground station. Many
groups, both within
NOAA/NESDIS, the
Cooperative Institutes,
NASA and others,
quickly worked
together to fix this
issue.
GOES-14 Imager (before fix)
Note the artificial ‘stair-step’
of cloud edges due to the
detectors initially being out
of order in GVAR.
Erroneous detector flip of the GOES-14 Imager band 6 (the 13.3
um) in the first IR images.
Another issue was the ‘flipped’ order of the band 6 of the GOES-14 imager
in the GVAR datastream. This was communicated, corrected and verified.
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Sponsor: OSD G-PSDI Program
First GOES-14 Imager and Sounder images
•
•
•
On August 17th and 18th, the
first official Geostationary
Operational Environmental
Satellite (GOES)-14 infrared
(IR) images were scanned.
Qualitatively, the data from the
Imager and Sounder are high
quality, with improved signal-tonoise ratios compared to other
operating GOES satellites.
The NOAA Science test will
begin in December of 2009.
First GOES-14 Imager data on August 17, 2009
First GOES-14 Sounder data on August 18, 2009
The first GOES-14 Imager and Sounder images look to be of high quality,
this is the first step for the subsequent NOAA science test check-out.
(Courtesy of T. Schmit)
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Sponsor: OSD G-PSDI Program
First GOES-14 Images
(sub-sampled)
Note the ‘brighter’ GOES-14 visible image
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From NOAA ASPB
GOES-12 (for comparison)
Note the sub-satellite points are different
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From NOAA ASPB
GOES-14 Sounder!
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Note clean signal, especially bands 1, 2, 12 and 15.
GOES-12 Sounder
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Data has been remapped to a common projection.
River Fog
GOES-14
GOES-12
The fog is a bit brighter and a little more extensive in the GOES-14 image.
GOES-14 is able to discern urban centers more readily than GOES-12.
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Imager SRF
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Improved spatial resolution of GOES-14 Imager band 6
GOES-12
•
•
The improved spatial resolution of
the Geostationary Operational
Environmental Satellites (GOES)-14
imager band 6 has been verified.
This band, centered at 13.3 um, has
a number of uses, the main being
cloud height determination.
Important diagnostic work was
under-taken. After an issue was
raised dealing with the data stream
of imager band 6, the suggested fix
was implemented at the ground
station. Many groups, both within
NOAA/NESDIS, the Cooperative
Institutes, NASA and others, quickly
worked together to fix this issue.
GOES-14
The 13.3 um band 6 of the GOES-12 (left panel) has
an 8 km IGFOV (Instantaneous Geometric Field of
View); while the same band on the GOES-14 (right
panel) has a 4 km IGFOV. Note the finer resolution of
the cloud edges and the ‘cleaner’ image.
The improved spatial resolution of the GOES-14 imager band 6 (over
GOES-12/13 imagers) has been verified with initial on-orbit data.
(Courtesy of T. Schmit)
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Sponsor: OSD G-PSDI Program
Methodology: GEO – IASI Intercal
 Collocation in time and space.
 Within 30 minutes at geostationary subpoint (GSNO –
Geostationary Simultaneous Nadir Observation)
 Low Satellite View Angles (< 14)
 Spatial smoothing
 100km “running average” mitigates the negative effects of
poor spatial and temporal collocation, poor navigation, and
spatial resolution differences.
 Average radiances, not temperatures.
 Compare a common area around the GEO sub-point, not
“pixel to pixel” comparisons
 “Convolve” high spectral resolution Radiance spectra with
GEO Spectral Response Function.
 Compare mean scene brightness temperatures (converted
from mean scene radiances).
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 R(v) S (v)dv
i
Li 
Cooperative Institute for Meteorological Satellite Studies
University of Wisconsin - Madison
v1
v2
 S (v)dv
i
v1
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Preliminary intercalibration results with
GOES-14 Imager using IASI
• Mean temperature differences with IASI
(for 12 cases) are:
• -0.4 K for the Shortwave Window band (5 night
cases)
• +0.8 K for the Water Vapor band
• +0.1 K for the IR Window band
• -0.6 K for the CO2 Absorption band
– The CO2 band SRF may be updated before
the science test takes place.
– Some of these results may include cases
where navigation was not optimal.
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Improved INR
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Operation through Eclipse
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GOES Series Sounder Noise
14.70
1
1.760
1.160
0.710
0.670
0.750
0.320
0.330
SPEC
(I-M)
0.660
14.40
2
1.210
0.800
0.510
0.510
0.640
0.260
0.280
0.580
14.10
3
0.980
0.560
0.410
0.370
0.450
0.240
0.220
0.540
13.90
4
0.740
0.460
0.410
0.360
0.390
0.190
0.170
0.450
13.40
5
0.680
0.450
0.360
0.340
0.350
0.190
0.160
0.440
12.70
6
0.320
0.190
0.160
0.170
0.140
0.110
0.098
0.250
12.00
7
0.200
0.130
0.090
0.110
0.110
0.100
0.080
0.160
11.00
8
0.130
0.090
0.120
0.140
0.120
0.120
0.110
0.160
9.70
9
0.160
0.110
0.100
0.130
0.140
0.120
0.090
0.330
7.40
10
0.080
0.080
0.070
0.090
0.100
0.090
0.040
0.160
7.00
11
0.070
0.050
0.040
0.060
0.060
0.050
0.030
0.120
6.50
12
0.110
0.090
0.070
0.110
0.110
0.070
0.030
0.150
4.57
13
0.012
0.008
0.007
0.006
0.006
0.007
0.003
0.013
4.52
14
0.010
0.007
0.005
0.007
0.006
0.007
0.003
0.013
4.45
15
0.009
0.006
0.005
0.006
0.006
0.006
0.003
0.013
4.13
16
0.004
0.003
0.003
0.003
0.002
0.003
0.002
0.008
3.98
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0.004
0.003
0.002
0.003
0.002
0.003
0.002
0.008
3.70
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0.002
0.001
0.001
0.001
0.001
0.001
0.001
0.004
Wavelength
Channel GOES-08 GOES-09 GOES-10 GOES-11 GOES-12 GOES-13 GOES-14
GOES-14 – the best Sounder yet wrt noise performance!
Preliminary
Units: mW/(m2 ster cm-1)
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Visible
GOES-12; SNR of 13:1
GOES-14; SNR of 33:1
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24
25
26
27
28
30
31
32
33
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GOES-14 Imager AMV
(low-level)
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GOES-14 Imager AMV
(mid and upper-level)
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GOES-14
Imager and Sounder
http://rammb.cira.colostate.edu/projects/goes-o/
http://www.star.nesdis.noaa.gov/star/GOES-14FirstImage.php
http://www.ssec.wisc.edu/media/spotlight/goes14/ir.html
http://cimss.ssec.wisc.edu/goes/blog/archives/3054
http://www.ssec.wisc.edu/data/geo/index.php?satellite=goes14&file=jpg
http://cimss.ssec.wisc.edu/goes/rt/sounder-dpi.php
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