Biology 242 – Lecture
Chapter 27 (Fluid, Electrolyte, and Acid-Base Homeostasis)
Practice Quiz
I. Circle the letter preceding the one best answer to each question.
1. On an average day, a person’s greatest volume of fluid output is via:
A. Feces
B. Sweat
C. Lungs (exhalation of air)
D. Urine
2. All of the following factors will tend to increase fluid output except:
A. ANP
B. ADH
C. Diuretics
D. Increased glomerular filtration rate
3. Which two electrolytes are in greatest concentration in intracellular fluid (ICF)?
A. Na+ and Cl- B. Na+ and K+ C. K+ and Cl- D. K+ and HPO4-2 E. Na+ and HPO4-2 F. Ca+2 and Mg+2
II. Circle T (True) or F (False). If the statement is false, cross out the word(s) that make it false and
write in an appropriate correction so that the statement now becomes a true statement.
T F 4. Hyperventilation tends to raise blood pH.
T F 5. During edema, there is increased movement of fluid out of plasma and into interstitial fluid.]
T F 6. Under normal circumstances, fluid intake each day is greater than fluid output.
T F 7. Parathyroid hormone (PTH) causes a decrease in the blood level of calcium.
T F 8. To compensate for acidosis, the kidneys increase their secretion of H+; and to compensate for
Alkalosis, the kidneys eliminate more HCO3-.
III. Circle the letter preceding the one best answer to each question:
9. Which of the following statements are true? (1) Buffers prevent rapid, drastic changes in pH of body fluids.
(2) Buffers work slowly. (3) Strong acids lower pH more than weak acids because strong acids contribute
fewer H+. (4) Most buffers consist of a weak acid and the salt of that acid which acts as a weak base.
(5) Hemoglobin is an important buffer.
A. 1, 2, and 3 B. 1, 3, 4 and 5
C. 1, 3, and 5
D. 1, 4, and 5
E. 2, 3, and 5
10. Which of the following hormones regulate fluid loss? (1) ADH (2) Aldosterone
(4) Thyroxine (5) Cortisol A. 1, 3, 5 B. 1, 2, 3
C. 2, 4, 5
D. 2, 3, 4
(3) ANP
E. 1, 3, 4
11. Which of the following are true concerning ions in the body? (1) They control osmosis of water between
fluid compartments. (2) They help maintain acid-base balance. (3) They carry electrical current. (4) They
serve as cofactors for enzyme activity. (5) They serve as neurotransmitters under special circumstances.
A. 1, 3, 5
B. 2, 4, 5
C. 1, 4, 5
D. 1, 2, 4
E. 1, 2, 3, 4
12. The primary means of regulating body water gain is adjusting
A. the volume of water intake
B. the rate of cellular respiration C. the formation of metabolic water
D. the volume of metabolic water
E. the metabolic use of water
Biology 250 – Lecture Chapter 27 Practice Quiz - continued
Page Two
IV. Match the number corresponding to the ion name from the list below with its correct description:
13._____most abundant cation in intracellular fluid; has key role in establishing the resting membrane potential
14._____most abundant mineral in the body; plays important roles in blood clotting, neurotransmitter release;
maintenance of muscle tone, and excitability of nervous and muscle tissue
15._____second most common intracellular cation; is a cofactor for enzymes involved in carbohydrate, protein,
and Na+/K+/ATPase metabolism
16._____most abundant extracellular cation; essential in fluid and electrolyte balance
17._____ions that are mostly combined with carbohydrates, lipids, proteins, nucleic acids, and ATP inside cells
18._____most prevalent extracellular anion; helps balance the level of anions in different fluid compartments
19._____second most prevalent extracellular anion; mainly regulated by the kidneys; critical in acid-base balance
20._____substanced that act to prevent rapid, drastic changes in the pH of a body fluid
21._____inorganic substances that dissociate into ions when in solution
(1)
(2)
(3)
(4)
(5)
(6)
(7)
(8)
(9)
sodium
chloride
electrolytes
bicarbonate
buffers
phosphate
magnesium
potassium
calcium
V. Report out on the Acid-Base Balance Status of the following two patients:
Patient #1 Blood pH
pCO2
[HCO3-]
7.32
50 mmHg
28 mEq/L
_____________ _____________ _____________
Patient #2 Blood pH
pCO2
[HCO3-]
7.48
40 mmHg
30 mEq/L
______________ _____________ ______________