Biology 242 Lecture : HOMEWORK ASSIGNMENT #1
#1 ENDOCRINE SYSTEM (“HORMONE”) ASSIGNMENT
Hormones are secretions of cells (mostly endocrine-organ cells, but others as well) that alter the physiological activity of their target cells in the body. Exclusively endocrine glands include the pituitary,
thyroid, parathyroids, adrenals, and pineal gland. In addition, the following organs and tissues are
not exclusively endocrine in function, but rather contain cells that secrete hormones: hypothalamus,
thymus, pancreas, ovaries, testes, kidneys, stomach, liver, small intestine, skin, heart, adipose connective tissue, and the placenta. All of the preceding produce hormones (aka: circulating hormones);
but, keep in mind that nearly all tissues produce “hormone-like” substances (aka: autocrines or paracrines). Thus, as we proceed through the twelve chapters of the text this quarter, covering ten systems:
(1) Endocrine System (2) Cardiovascular System (Blood, Heart, Vessels); (3) Lymphatic/Immune System; (4) Respiratory System; (5) Digestive System; (6) Metabolism; (7) Urinary System; (8) Fluid,
Electrolyte and Acid/Base Homeostasis; (9) Reproductive System; and (10) Development/Inheritance
you will need to be compiling a TABLE of hormones and functions relating to any of the organs/tissues being studied from each pertinent chapter. Your TABLE should be organized system-by-system
(and in the order we cover the systems) and should highlight the following information:
(In fact, please use the bolded words below as the Headings for the columns of your TABLE)
1. System / Gland/organ/tissue where hormone is made/released
(include specific name of cell(s) that make/release it)
2. Hormone name(s) (Sometimes, there is more than one name by which a hormone is known)
3. Chemical Class (to which this hormone belongs) *See LEGEND below
4. Target cells and action(s) (that is, the activity this hormone stimulates in its target cell(s) )
5. Trigger/Hormone Regulation (that is, is there humoral, hormonal, or neural control of
+/- Feedback mechanism
hormone release?; and via +/- feedback mechanism?)
6. Other Comments (optional) (For additional information you may which to relate)
Please utilize a “horizontal” orientation to the pages of your TABLE (ie: “landscape layout” in the Page
Setup on your computer menu) because this will allow more room for each “cell” of the Table – and thus,
the finished product will be easier to read!!)
Keep your TABLE neat and well organized. Make entries all quarter long; then, when the assignment is
due, you will have most of the work ALREADY DONE!
_____________________________________________________________________________________
*LEGEND for Chemical Class of Hormones (or “Hormone-like” substances)
I. Lipid Soluble Hormones
A. Steroid Hormones
B. Thyroid Hormones (T3 + T4)
C. Nitric Oxide (NO (gas))
II. Water Soluble Hormones
A. Amines
B. Peptides/Proteins
C. Eicosanoids
1. Prostaglandins
2. Leukotrienes
Here is a list of ALL the HORMONES you will
need to include on your TABLE:
(Biology 250 – Lecture
Homework Assignment #1 – Page Two)
1. Erythropoietin (EPO)
2. Thrombopoietin
3. Cytokines (a) Colony stimulating factors; (b) Interleukins
4. Atrial Natriuretic Peptide (ANP) (There is also such a thing as Ventricular Natriuretic Peptide (VNP ), too)
5. Platelet-derived Growth Factor
6. Thymosin
7. Nitric Oxide (NO gas)
8. Gastrin
9. Secretin
10. Cholecystokinin (CCK)
11. Intrinsic Factor
(You do NOT need to include Insulin-like Growth Factors (IGF’s) separately)
12. Insulin
13. Glucagon
14. Somatostatin
15. Pancreatic Polypeptide
16. Calcitriol
17. AntiDiuretic Hormone (ADH) (aka Vasopressin) *
18. Angiotensin II
19. Adrenocorticotropic Hormone (ACTH) *See also #30; fx. in Urinary Sys. regulation; but is a Pituitary hormone)
20. Aldosterone (the main mineralocorticoid,*See #38 below)
21. Testosterone (including other androgens, DHT, etc.)
22. Extrogens (including Estradiol, Estrone, etc.)
23. Progesteroine
24. Oxytocin*
25. Prolactin*
26. Human Chorionic Gonadotropin (HCG)
27. 7 Releasing Factors from the Hypothalamus: GHRH; GHIH; TRH; CRH; GnRH; PRH, PIH
(You may treat these all together in one horizontal row of your table with entries “for all” under
each of the Headings.)
28. Human Growth Hormone (hGH) (aka Somatostatin)
29. Thyroid Stimulating Hormone (TSH)
30. Adrenocorticotropic Hormone (ACTH) (aka: Corticotropin)
31. Follicle Stimulating Hormone (FSH)
32. Leutinizing Hormone (LH)
33. Melanocyte Stimulating Hormone (MSH)
(Note: Prolactin (from the Adenohypophysis) and Oxytocin/ADH (from the Neurohypophysis), see # 17, #24, #25 above
34. Calcitonin
35. Parathyroid Hormone (PTH)
36. T3 / T4 (aka “the Thyroid Hormones”)
37. Epinephrine / Norepinephrine (aka “the Catecholamines”) (Note: Norepi is the “longer acting form” of Epi)
38. Mineralocorticoids (see Aldosterone, # 20 above, which is the main mineralocorticoid)
39. Glucocorticoids (Cortisol, Corticosterone, Cortisone)
40. Gonadocorticoids
41. Inhibin – male, Inhibin/Relaxin – female
42. Leptin
43+ Optional Others: Melatonin, Serotonin, Histamine, Endorphins, Enkephalins, Thromboxanes, Interleukins,
etc.