Period I Reports
Terry A. Ring
Equations
• Complete
– Middle of Sentance
• Comma after
– Ending Sentance
• Ending punctuation (period)
– Balanced Stiochoimetry on Reactions
• Units of Constants
Engineering Terms
• Please use them instead of slang
– Examples
•
•
•
•
Theoretical mole concentration => equilibrium mole fraction
Theoretical empirical model=>???
Horizontal radial system=>???
Electronic microscope => Electron Microscope
– digital microscope
• Liquid level efficiency=>Murphree liquid efficiency
• Fowling Factor => Fouling Factor
• Step limiting heat transfer=>??
• In a company, your reports are archived and used by
others,
• don't show a lack of professionalism
Writing
• Clear
• Concise
• Coherent
• Parallel Sentence Construction
less volatile
…. creating a vapor that is enriched in the more volatile
components and a liquid that is enriched I the heavier
components.
Intro
– Give some explanation of why the experiment
or the equipment has value for chemical
engineer
– State the problem (or reason for this
experiment) in your own words
– Finish with your approach to resolving the
experimental problem.
– This should be 1 page or so in length
Theory
• Should cover all ideas/concepts/theory used
in results and discussion section.
• All equations need to have text describing
them.
• Figures/Tables are allowed in Theory
section.
• Need to reference things more thoroughly
– Each major idea
– Each equation
References
• Use more thoroughly
– Research your topic more thoroughly
Error
• Error is the single most important thing in
Lab work
– get error as low as possible in your work!
– Clearly state your errors in all numbers (theory
calc. or expt. result), tables and figures.
• Error analysis on all values presented is
critical for quality work!
• Comparison of your work to theory and
others is critical to quality work
1
Ideal PFR
0.9
Ideal
CSTR
0.8
Conversion
0.7
0.6
0.5
0.4
0.3
0.2
0.1
0
0
100
200
300
400
500
600
700
800
900
Mixer Speed (RPM)
Conversion at 3 residence times of sodium hydroxide vs. stirrer rpm for 1.3 L baffled stirred tank
reactor operating at a flow of 1.265±0.03 ml/s for 0.134 ±0.006 M NaOH (the limiting reactant)
and 1.019 ±0.02 ml/s 0.167 ±0.009 ethyl acetate. This reaction is second order overall.
Tables & Figures
• Figure Stands Alone/Table Stands Alone
– Legend needs operating conditions and more
about how to interpret the figure/table
• Compare to theory whenever possible
• Other
– Units of Figures and Table column heads
– Do not forget axes titles with units
Results and Discussion
• What is required for Results and
Discussion?
– Here are the results, you (the reader) figure it
out. (C)
– Here are the results and here is what they mean.
(A)
Results & Discussion
• Describe Figure
• Describe Table
– Tell the reader what he/she is to get from the
figure or table.
– The tell the reader what it means
– Compare with theory whenever possible
• Tables
• Figures
• With other data
Nomenclature Section
• Check that all symbols are listed
• Need definition and units for each symbol
Conclusions
• Do not focus on problems with the lab
• Focus instead on the results and error
estimates and use of data for comparison to
theory or for design purposes
• Be quantitative about the comparison
• Give the results of the design
Last Checks
• Proof read your report
– Do not use I or we in the report
• Double check that the equations, Figures
and Tables printed correctly
• Double check appendix is complete