Information on public family supports in
the OECD Family database
ECEC Network meeting
Paris, 21-22, 2010
Willem Adema
Senior Economist, OECD Social Policy Division
(www.oecd.org/els/social/family)
What will be discussed in the next 10-15
minutes or so?
 Public spending on family supports
 Parental leave, spending and system indicators
 Childcare and early education, spending, enrolment,
costs to parents
 Data from the OECD Family database :
(www.oecd.org/els/social/family/database)
OECD Family Database
 Family composition
 Labour Market Status of Families
 Child Outcomes
 Public Policies for Families and Children
(www.oecd.org/els/social/family/database)
Composition of family spending varies across
countries
4.0
% of GDP
4.0
3.5
3.5
Tax breaks
towards family
3.0
3.0
Other services
2.5
2.5
ECEC services
2.0
2.0
1.5
1.5
Other cash
Cash for Leave
1.0
1.0
0.5
0.5
0.0
0.0
OECD-26
(2.3%)
Public spending on children and youth by age
Average social expenditure by child age by intervention as a proportion of median
working-age household income, 2007 (preliminary data)
Iceland
Korea
% median working-age household income
Age of child
Age of child
27
13
11
9
7
5
3
1
27
25
23
21
19
17
0
15
0
13
10
11
10
9
20
7
20
5
30
3
30
1
40
Pre-natal
40
Pre-natal
Cash benefits and tax breaks
25
50
23
Childcare
50
21
Other benefits in kind+ALMP
19
Education
Other benefits in kind+ALMP
Childcare
Cash benefits and tax breaks
60
17
Education
60
15
% median working-age household income
Spending on maternity and parental leave payments per
child born, 2005
Spending per birth as a % of GDP per capita
%
80
70
60
50
40
30
20
10
0
Maternity leave in weeks entitled and expressed as a % of
maternity leave at Full-Time Employment pay
weeks
30.0
20.0
10.0
0.0
FTE Paid Leave
Unpaid leave
Slight upward trends in spending early
childcare en early education
% of GDP
1.5
1.4
1.3
Denmark
1.2
France
1.1
Australia
1.0
0.9
UK
0.8
OECD
0.7
Spain
0.6
0.5
Germany
0.4
Japan
0.3
USA
0.2
0.1
0.0
1998
1999
2000
2001
2002
2003
2004
2005
2006
2007
Enrolment rates in formal care among
under-threes varies widely across countries
Average enrolment rate of children aged under three years of age in formal childcare (2006)
Percentage of children in fromal care
FTE
100
80
60
40
OECD average =30%
20
0
Notes: 1) Data concern 2005; 2) Data concern 2008.
Enrolment rates in pre-school education
shows less variation across countries
Average enrolment rate of children aged 3 to 5 in pre-school educational programmes (2006)
100
80
60
40
20
0
OECD Average = 75%
Net Childcare Costs, 2008 (preliminary)
(% of Average Wage)
20
18
16
% of AW
14
12
10
8
6
4
2
0
Czech Republic
Lone parent at 67% of AW
Estonia
Finland
Israel
Couple: Second earner at 67%, principal set at 100% of AW
Source: OECD Tax-Benefit Models, Preliminary Results for 2008
Sweden
Couple: both at 67% of AW
Financial Incentives to Take Up Employment
(% increase in family disposable income, 2008 preliminary)
160
120
100
80
60
40
% increase of family net income
140
20
0
-20
Czech Republic
Lone Parent at 67% of AW
Estonia
Finland
Israel
Couple: second earner at 67%, principal set at 100% of AW
Source: OECD Tax-Benefit Models, Preliminary Results for 2008
Sweden
Couple: both at 67% of AW
Thank you for your attention!