Biology Reading Notes Outline
Chapter 14: Human Heredity
Name:______________________________
Period: _________
Date: ____________
Read Chapter 14. As you do so, take notes on the following topics on a separate piece of notebook
paper. You will have to study these for tests, so do not just “answer” the topic questions belowwrite out the info in an outline format that contains the detail needed to understand what the topic
is and what it means. Leave space between each topic so you can add to the notes during in-class
lectures.
USE COMPLETE SENTENCES
Ch. 14.1- Human Chromosomes
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What is a genome?
How is a genome studied?
What is a karyotype?
a. Describe the human karyotype.
4. Describe sex chromosomes and how they determine sex. BE DETAILED.
5. Discuss the significance of the size of the x chromosome.
6. What are autosomes? How many are there in humans?
7. Explain simple dominance and describe the Rh factor.
8. Describe examples of human genes that display codominant inheritance.
a. What are the different blood genotypes and phenotypes?
b. Which phenotype can be transfused to all other phenotypes?
9. Explain what is meant by sex-linked inheritance.
10. Describe the inheritance of colorblindness.
11. Describe X-Chromosome Inactivation.
12. What is a pedigree and what kind of information can it provide?
Ch. 14.2- Human Genetic Disorders
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Discuss what is meant by “there is a molecular basis for genetic disorders.”
Describe, in detail, the following diseases:
a. Sickle Cell Disease
b. Cystic Fibrosis
c. Huntington’s Disease
Describe genetic advantages to having just one allele for certain inherited diseases.
What is nondisjunction?
Describe the causes and resultant characteristics of the following chromosomal disorders:
a. Trisomy (21)
b. Turner’s syndrome
c. Klinefelter’s syndrome
Ch. 14.3- Studying the Human Genome
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What methods are used to manipulate and read DNA?
What does it mean to “cut” DNA?
What are restriction enzymes?
Describe gel electrophoresis:
a. How are the size and speed of movement related?
Describe how DNA is read after fragments are separated.
Discuss details of the Human Genome Project.
What is bioinformatics?
What is genomics?
What have we learned from studying the Human Genome Project?