SURVEY FOR
WIRELESS SENSORS
IN HEALTHCARE
Presented by
Bharat Soundararajan
OUTLINE
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INTRODUCTION
PROPOSED PROBLEMS
NETWORKS FOR HEALTHCARE
MEDIC AND ITS ALGORITHM
DIFFERENT TYPES OF TOPOLOGIES
FUTURE
INTRODUCTION
• Patients need continuous monitoring of their
health conditions
• Various vital and health care
data are collected using
sensors and sent to the
hospital
Proposed Needs
• Low complexity
• Low cost
• Data reliability
• Low power consumption
Different networks for
healthcare
WLAN
(802.11)
Bluetoothbased WPAN
(802.15.1)
ZIGBEE
(802.15.4)
Range
100m
~10-100m
~10m
Cost/complexity
>6
1
Power
consumption
Medium
Low
Ultralow
Size
Larger
smaller
smallest
0.2
MEDIC
• Acquire data from patients in real world
• It sends data to the centralized server
and the centralized server forwards data
to all the nodes
• It can be configured from the remote
server
• Wearable sensors to patients for comfort
ability
MEDIC
MEDICAL
PERSONAL
ZIGBEE
or
BLUE TOOTH
INTERNET
What is ZigBee??
 ZigBee technology is a low data rate, low power
consumption, low cost, wireless networking
protocol targeted towards health care
 Zigbee Alliance introduced Zigbee standard
protocol in 2003
 ZigBee is a technological standard, based on the
IEEE 802.15.4 standard, which was created
specifically for control and sensor networks.
The Zigbee Protocol Stack
What is ZigBee??
• As can be seen in the figure, IEEE 802.15.4
develops the Medium Access Control (MAC) Layer
and Physical (PHY) Layer, which address such
things as the frequency and data rate
specifications.
• ZigBee develops the Network Layer and
Application Layer, which includes the
Applications Support Sub layer, the ZigBee
Device Object, and the Security Services.
BAYESIAN NETWORK
ALGORITHM
• A set of variables independent of each other
• The probability of these variables influence
the output
• Symptoms are used to determine whether a
person has a disease
• This is trained by the previous data used for
the treatment
BAYESIAN NETWORK
ALGORITHM
DISEASE
PULSE RATE
OXYGEN LEVEL
BODY TEMPERATURE
BLOOD PRESSURE
PROBLEM WITH MULTIHOP
Cluster Tree
PAN coordinator
Full Function Device
Reduced Function Device
Timezone Coordinated
Sleep Scheduling Algorithm (TICOSS)
• coordinated sleeping through the division
of the network into time zones
• The time zones also provides coordinated
sleeping, through the V-table scheduling
• The scheduling table allocates timeslots to
nodes in order to assign periods of node
activity and inactivity
Topology Models
Mesh
Star
Cluster Tree
PAN coordinator
Full Function Device
Reduced Function Device
15
TOPOLOGY MODELS
• It manages all the sensors inside the network
• It collects information from all the nodes and
forwards it to the centralized server
TOPOLOGY MODELS
 Fully functional device
Any topology fits for fully functional device
It can also act as a network coordinator,
network router
 Reduced functional device
It only fits perfectly for reduced functional
device
It cannot act as a network administrator
Future???
 ZigBee is seen as a key technology for home
automation and sensor networks, but its
characteristics can be extremely valuable in some
healthcare applications as well.
 On July 24-27, 2006 in the Free scale Technology
Forum, Orlando, FL, the wireless developer
Cambridge Consultants demonstrated how
ZigBee's unique networking attributes can be
exploited to implement networks for healthcare.
References
1. MEDIC: Medical embedded device for individual care
Authors: Winston Wu, Alex A.T.bui, Maxim A.batalin, Lawrence K.Au,
Jonathan D.Binney, William J.kaiser
6. Reconfigurable Point-of-Care Systems Designed with Interoperability
Standards
Authors: Steve Warren, Jianchu Yao, Ryan Schmitz, and Jeff Lebak
Published by: Elsevier Science Publishers Ltd, Essex, UK in 2008
2. Energy Efficient Multihop medical sensor networking
Published by: IEEE EMBS in 2004
Authors: A. G. Ruzzelli, R. Jurdak, G. M.P O'Hare, P. Van Der Stok
7. Patient monitoring using infrastructure-oriented wireless LANs
Published by: ACM Newyork Ny, USA in 2007
Authors: Upkar Varshney
3. An integrated wireless sensing and mobile processing architecture
for assisted living and healthcare applications
Published by: International Journal of Electronic Healthcare, 2006
Authors: S.Dagtas, Y.Natchetoi, H.Wu
8. Body Area Network and Its Standardization at IEEE 802.15.MBAN
Published by: ACM Newyork Ny, USA in 2007
Authors: Huan-Bang Li, Ken-ichi Takizawa, Bin Zhen, Ryuji Kohno
4. Wearable FPGA based Wireless Sensor platform
Published by: National Institute of Information and Communications Technology
Authors: Tom Ahola, Pekka Korpinen, Juha Rakkola1, Teemu Ramo, Jukka
Salminen and Jari Savolainen
9. Vmote-II, A biowearable health monitoring system
Published by: IEEE EBMS in 2007
5. Low-cost wireless sensor networks for remote cardiac patients
monitoring applications
Authors: Masilela, M. Hughes, E.A. Boanca, C. Merrell, R.Rafiq
Published by: Information Technology Applications in Biomedicine, 2007.
10. Wearable Laser Blood Flow meter for Ubiquitous Healthcare
Authors: Fei Hu, Meng Jiang, Yang Xiao
Authors: Kiyokura, Tatara N., Shimada. J., Haga.T.
Published by: Wireless Communications and Mobile Computing (Wiley
InterScience Journal), (to appear), March 2007.
Published by: NTT Microsyst. Integration Lab, Kanagawa
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