July 16
doc.: IEEE 802.19-05/0025
802.16 Overview and Coexistence Aspects
Date: 2005-07-20
Authors:
Name
Company
Address
Phone
email
Jose
Puthenkulam
Intel
+1 503 803 8609
jose.p.puthenkulam@intel
.com
Marianna
Goldhammer
Alvarion
2111 NE 25th Ave
Hillsboro, OR
97124
21 HaBarzel Street
P.O.Box 13139,
Tel Aviv 61131,
Israel
+(972)- 3 6456241/6262
marianna.goldhammer@al
varion.com
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Submission
Slide 1
Jose Puthenkulam, Marianna Goldhammer
July 16
doc.: IEEE 802.19-05/0025
Outline
• Brief Overview of 802.16 standard
• Co-existence Overview
Submission
Slide 2
Jose Puthenkulam, Marianna Goldhammer
July 16
doc.: IEEE 802.19-05/0025
802.16 Protocol Stack
Convergence Sub Layer
IP
ATM
Ethernet
Header
Suppression
Packet
Classifiers
MAC Layer
Network
Entry
ARQ
PDU
Generation
PDU
Reassembly
Privacy & Key
Management
Connection
Management
PHY Burst
Scheduling
Handoffs
BW
Management
Power
Management
PHY Layers
Single Carrier
(10-66GHz & < 11 GHz)
Submission
OFDM-256 FFT
( < 11GHz)
Slide 3
OFDMA
(2048,1024,512,128
FFT)
( < 11GHz)
(Scalable OFDMA)
Jose Puthenkulam, Marianna Goldhammer
July 16
doc.: IEEE 802.19-05/0025
802.16-2004 vs 802.16e features
Convergence Sub Layer
Packet
Classifiers
ATM
Ethernet
IP
Header
Suppression
MAC Layer
Network
Entry
ARQ
PDU
Generation
Connection
Managemt
PDU Reassembly
Privacy & Key Management
(PK, EAP, AES, Multicast
Security)
PHY Burst
Scheduling
Handoffs
BW Managemt
Power Managemt
(Sleep & Idle Modes)
PHY Layers
Single Carrier
(10-66GHz &
< 11 GHz)
OFDM-256 FFT
(<11GHz) (AAS)
2048 FFT mode, Subchannelization Schemes,
H-ARQ, AAS, MIMO, STC
DL Subchannelization
IEEE 802.16-2004
Submission
OFDMA ( < 11GHz)
1024,512,128 FFT modes and symbol
structures, HARQ, MIMO, STC enhancements
P802.16e (licensed only)
Slide 4
Jose Puthenkulam, Marianna Goldhammer
July 16
doc.: IEEE 802.19-05/0025
OFDM vs OFDMA
OFDM
Overall
Clustered subcarrier allocation
User 1
Multipath diversity limited to the
clusters
User 2
User 3
User 4
OFDMA
Overall
Permutated subcarriers
allocation with permutation
varying between cells
User 1
User 2
Inter-Cell Interference limited to
only some subcarriers
User 3
User 4
Optimal for mobile channels
Submission
Slide 5
Jose Puthenkulam, Marianna Goldhammer
July 16
doc.: IEEE 802.19-05/0025
OFDMA Frame Structure (TDD) example
Submission
Slide 6
Jose Puthenkulam, Marianna Goldhammer
July 16
doc.: IEEE 802.19-05/0025
MAC PDU Format
•
•
•
•
•
•
Each MAC PDU begins with a 6 bytes generic MAC header.
The payload information may vary in length.
SS has 48-bit IEEE MAC address (defined in IEEE Std. 802 – 2001)
BS has 48-bit base station ID (24 bits operator indicator)
Connections are identified by a 16-bit CID.
The maximum length of the MAC PDU is 2048 bytes, including header,
payload, and cyclic redundancy check (CRC).
Submission
Slide 7
Jose Puthenkulam, Marianna Goldhammer
July 16
doc.: IEEE 802.19-05/0025
Generic MAC Header
HT: header type
EC: data encryption control
ESF: extended subheader flag
CI: CRC indicator
EKS: Encryption Key Sequence (index of traffic encryption key)
Submission
Slide 8
Jose Puthenkulam, Marianna Goldhammer
July 16
doc.: IEEE 802.19-05/0025
Network Entry Process
Submission
Slide 9
Jose Puthenkulam, Marianna Goldhammer
July 16
doc.: IEEE 802.19-05/0025
802.16 MAC Protocol
• Demand Slot Assignment Protocol
• Supports QoS Service Classes using Service Flows
• Each Service Flow maintains a logical connection using a
Connection Identifier (CID – 16 bits)
• Subscriber Station (SS) ranges using Ranging Protocol that allows
the SS to establish timing synchronization with BS
• SS always request UL BW Request using MAC Messages
• DL Channel Descriptors (DCD) and UL Channel Descriptors
(UCD) are MAC messages used to convey the burst profile sets
that are active
• DL-MAP and UL-MAP MAC messages provide the burst
allocation information
Submission
Slide 10
Jose Puthenkulam, Marianna Goldhammer
July 16
doc.: IEEE 802.19-05/0025
802.16 DFS Operation
• Mandatory in LE bands
• Requires BS and SS to support the following DFS
procedures:
–
–
–
–
–
–
Testing channels for primary users
Discontinuing operations after detecting primary users
Detecting primary users
Scheduling for channel testing
Requesting and Reporting measurements
Selecting and advertising a new channel
• Method used to detect is not specified and also RF band
specific
Submission
Slide 11
Jose Puthenkulam, Marianna Goldhammer
July 16
doc.: IEEE 802.19-05/0025
802.16 Transmit Power Control
• All PHY layers support transmit power control
• SCa PHY Layer:
– Monotonic Power Level Range : >= 30db; Min. Step size: 1db
• OFDM-256 PHY Layer:
– Monotonic Power Level Range: >= 30db; Min. Step size: 1db
• OFDMA PHY Layer:
– Monotonic Power Level Range : >= 45db; Min. Step size: 1db
– LE bands: Monotonic Power Level Range : >= 30db; Min. Step
size: 1db
Submission
Slide 12
Jose Puthenkulam, Marianna Goldhammer
July 16
doc.: IEEE 802.19-05/0025
802.16-2004 MAC DFS Behavior
• In LE Bands
– Once BS takes control of channel, it will release it only in the next
channel testing cycle
– No specification on channel testing except clause to meet
regulatory requirements
– As DC-11 GHz is within scope, there is lack of clear definition for
consistent co-existence behavior
– Hence 802.16h!
Submission
Slide 13
Jose Puthenkulam, Marianna Goldhammer
July 16
doc.: IEEE 802.19-05/0025
RF Coexistence info in 802.16-2004
•
•
•
•
•
License-exempt bands below 11GHz, duplexing: TDD
Power limits: defined by country-specific regulations
Channelization: 10 and 20MHz, on a 5MHz grid, from 5 to 6GHz
Spectral masks – according to local regulations or to a defined mask
ACI / alternate channel rejection: 11/30dB for 16QAM3/4
Submission
Slide 14
Jose Puthenkulam, Marianna Goldhammer
July 16
doc.: IEEE 802.19-05/0025
Spectral masks
Submission
Slide 15
Jose Puthenkulam, Marianna Goldhammer
July 16
doc.: IEEE 802.19-05/0025
Coexistence approach in 802.16h draft
• MAC frames synchronization
• Separation of interference in time domain
– Based on scheduling
• High capacity and QoS assurance
– Fairness criteria
• Radio master sub-frames for every system
• Coexistence protocol
– Control of interference levels
– Distributed architecture
• Technology independent approach
– Communication at IP level
– Other modes are proposed
Submission
Slide 16
Jose Puthenkulam, Marianna Goldhammer
July 16
doc.: IEEE 802.19-05/0025
References
•
•
•
•
IEEE Standard 802.16-2004
IEEE Draft Standard P80216e/D9
IEEE Draft Standard P80216-2004/Cor1/D3
80216h-05/013 – (802.16h working document)
Submission
Slide 17
Jose Puthenkulam, Marianna Goldhammer