IEEE 802.21 MEDIA INDEPENDENT HANDOVER
DCN: 21-08-0166-00-mrpm
Title: MRPM Based on Existing Power Management of
WiFi, WiMAX, 3GPP, and 3GPP2
Date Submitted: May 2008
Presented at IEEE 802.21 session #26, in Jacksonville, FL
Authors or Source(s): James Han (Motorola), Farrokh
Khatibi (Qualcomm), Scott Henderson (RIM), Bryan
Lyles (Telcordia), and George Babut (Rogers)
Abstract: MRPM approaches have to be based on existing
power management methods in various wireless
technologies.
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Introduction
• MRPM is to manage multi-radios of a mobile device to
reduce battery power drains in various use cases such
that the multi-radio mobile devices can achieve longer
usage times, such as talk/data time and standby time.
• MRPM assumes that each wireless technology has its
own power management approaches. MRPM’s goal is to
efficiently apply these approaches to achieve lower
battery drains of the multi-radio devices.
• Here our main focuses are:
–
–
–
–
–
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power management approaches in each technology,
their status (registered or deregistered),
paging, and
control signaling capability
Their applications in MRPM use cases
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WiFi Power Management Enablers (I)
• IEEE802.11_WLAN_2003_Edition:
– STA Power Management modes
• A STA may be in one of two different power states:
– Awake: STA is fully powered
– Doze: STA is not able to transmit or receive and
consumes very low power.
• STAs operating in PS modes shall periodically
listen for beacons, as determined by the STA’s
ListenInterval and ReceiveDTIMs parameters of
the MLME-POWERMGT.request primitive.
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WiFi Power Management Enablers (II)
• In 802.11v (draft):
– Sleep mode: An extended power save mode for non-AP STAs
whereby a non-AP STA need not listen for every DTIM (Delivery
Traffic Indication Message) Beacon frame, and can negotiate to
not perform GTK/IGTK updates while in this mode.
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WiFi Power Management Enablers (III)
• Summary:
– Off mode: not registered
– Sleep mode: registered, extended PS mode, listen some of the
DTIMs; but cannot transmit/receive control messaging beyond
the DTIM.
– PS mode: also registered, and listen all DTIMs; but cannot
transmit/receive control messaging beyond DTIM.
– Active mode: registered and fully data and control signaling
available.
– There is no paging method for 802.11
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WiMAX Power management Enablers (I)
• Idle mode: Idle Mode is intended as a mechanism to
allow the MS to become periodically available for DL
broadcast traffic messaging without registration at a
specific BS as the MS traverses an air link environment
populated by multiple BSs, typically over a large
geographic area (for wake up).
• Sleep mode: Sleep mode is a state in which an MS
conducts pre-negotiated periods of absence from the
Serving BS air interface.
– Power Saving Classes of type I: Power Saving Class of this
type is recommended for connections of BE, NRT-VR type.
– Power Saving Classes of type II: Power Saving Class of this
type is recommended for connections of UGS, RT-VR type.
– Power Saving Classes of type III: Power Saving Class of this
type is recommended for multicast connections as well as for
management operations,
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WiMAX Power management Enablers (II)
• BS Broadcast Paging (MOB_PAG-ADV) message
– The MOB_PAG-ADV message shall be sent on the Broadcast
CID or
– Idle mode multicast CID during the BS Paging Interval.
• Summary
– Off mode: not registered
– Idle mode: not registered, can receive paging, but cannot receive
any control signaling beyond paging
– Sleep mode: registered, can receive paging, and also can
receive control signaling (in Power Saving Class III) in prenegotiated time periods.
– Active mode: registered, fully paging, control signaling, and data
service available.
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3GPP2 Power Management Enablers (I)
• State diagrams of IS-95 and 3GPP2
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3GPP2 Power Management Enablers (II)
• 3GPP2 MAC Layer services:
– Signaling control
– DCR PLICF (Dedicated/Common Router Physical Layer Independent
Control Function)
• Null state, dormant state, connected state (active, control hold, suspended
state)
• Dormant sate: idle or burst
– Voice PLICF
• Voice active state and null state
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3GPP2 Power Management Enablers (III)
• 3GPP2 MAC Layer services
– Data service PLICF
• Null state, active state, control hold state, suspend state
– Resource control
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3GPP2 Power Management Enablers (IV)
• Definitions of the states
– Active state: State of the data service PLICF entity in which the
dedicated traffic channel (dtch) and the dedicated MAC control
channel (dmch) are maintained.
– Dormant state: State of the data service DCR entity in which no
dedicated logical channels are maintained, the service option is
disconnected, but the Link Layer connection for the data service
instance between the IWF and the mobile station is maintained
and the base station maintains the IMSI to IWF mapping.
• Dormant Burst Substate: A substate of the Dormant State. In
addition to having the common properties of the Dormant state,
users in this substate may receive short data bursts and request
short data burst transmissions.
• Dormant Idle Substate: A substate of the Dormant State. In
addition to having the common properties of the Dormant state,
users in this substate may receive short data bursts associated with
a data service.
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3GPP2 Power Management Enablers (V)
• Definitions of the states
– Control hold state: State of the data service PLICF entity in which the
dedicated MAC control channel (dmch) is maintained, but dtch is not
maintained.
– Suspended state: State of the data service PLICF entity in which no
dedicated logical channels are maintained, but in which the service
option remains connected. RLP variables are saved in this state.
– Null state: A state of the Data PLICF in which no data service has been
activated, no service option has been connected, and no forward or
reverse dedicated channels are allocated.
– Service Connected State: State of the DCR PLICF. The user is in this
state when the service option for the data service is connected.
Simultaneously, the Data Service PLICF is in a connected state (Active,
Control Hold, or Suspended State).
– Voice Active State: State of the Voice PLICF entity in which the traffic
channel (dtch) is maintained and the voice service option is connected.
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3GPP2 Power Management Enablers (VI)
• Summary:
– Active state’s power consumption may vary
depending on services and traffic loads
– Dormant state’s power consumption varies
due to idle (receiving) or burst (receiving and
transmissing) substates
– Control hold state and suspend state may
help the service recovery. Their power
consumptions may not vary too much.
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3GPP Power Management Enablers (I)
• State diagram
UTRA RRC Connected Mode
URA_PCH
out of
service
CELL_PCH
in
service
out of
service
UTRA:
Inter-RAT
Handover
GSM:
Handover
in
service
GSM
Connected
Mode
UTRA:
Inter-RAT Handover
CELL_DCH
CELL_FACH
out of
service
in
service
GSM:
PS Handover
GPRS
Packet
Transfer
Mode
Cell reselection
Release RR
Connection
Release of
temporary
block flow
Release RRC
Connection
Establish RRC
Connection
Release RRC
Connection
Establish RR
Connection
Initiation of
temporary
block flow
Establish RRC
Connection
GPRS Packet Idle Mode1
Camping on a UTRAN cell1
Camping on a GSM / GPRS cell1
Idle Mode
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3GPP Power Management Enablers (II)
• Definitions of the states
– Idle mode
• No camping
• Camp on GSM/GPRS cell:Camped on any cell: UE is in idle mode
and has completed the cell selection/reselection process and has
chosen a cell irrespective of PLMN identity.
– GPRS packet idle mode
• Camp on UTRAN cell: the same as above for UTRAN
– Connected mode
• GSM connected mode
• GPRS packet transfer mode
• UTRA RRC connected mode
– URA_PCH or CELL_PCH state (Paging Channel, neither DCCH nor
DTCH available, monitor paging and PICH)
– CELL_FACH state (Forward Access Channel, DCCH and DTCH (if
configured) are available)
– CELL_DCH state (Dedicated Channel, DCCH and DTCH (if configured)
are available)
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Use Case I: Paging On Active Interface (I)
• “Paging” of a mobile terminated call is a control signaling paging.
That is, the control signaling channel has to be open at the time of
paging. Otherwise an alternative approach has to be performed.
• For WiMAX, active and sleep mode can be considered to have
control signaling channels open. The paging can be conducted as
normally.
• Off and idle states: not registered. In order to page the mobile
device, one has to use the following two ways
• Through MIH server:
– determine whether it is in the coverage area of WiMAX through MIH
server
– MIH server has to determine whether any other service is available and
whether the service’s control signaling channel is available for “paging”
– Paging signaling is sent through MIH server through WiFi (assume that
it is in active state) to the device to wake up the WiMAX.
• Through WiMAX paging:
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Use Case II: Location Update on
Active Interface
• In order to update the “location” from WiFi,
then we have to change the design in
infrastructure and in mobile device
because the WiMAX mobile device is not
registered in the network when the WiMAX
modem is in idle or off state.
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Thank You!
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Appendix
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802.11 Power Save Mode
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