Proposal for IEEE 802.16m System Architecture and Protocol Structure
Document Number: C80216m-07_282
Date Submitted: November 12, 2007
Source:
Sassan Ahmadi (sassan.ahmadi@intel.com)
Papathanassiou, Apostolos; Choi, Yang-seok; Yin, Hujun; Venkatachalam, Muthaiah; Ho, Minnie; Vannithamby, Rath; Sydir,
Jerry; Riess, Eilon; Lomnitz, Yuval; Talwar, Shilpa; Wu, May; Etemad, Kamran; Puthenkulam, Jose P; Johnston, DJ
Intel
Corporation
Venue:
Atlanta, GA
Base Contribution:
C80216-07_282
Purpose:
For discussion and approval by IEEE 802.16 Working Group
Notice:
This document does not represent the agreed views of the IEEE 802.16 Working Group or any of its subgroups. It represents only the views of the
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Outline
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Salient Features of the Proposed Architecture
Overall Network Architecture
Reference Model
Functional Split between IEEE 802.16m and the Access Network
System State Diagram
Air-Interface Protocol Stack
Data Plane and Control Plane Protocol Stacks
Functional Block Diagram of Unified Open-loop/Closed-loop SU/MUMIMO
• Interference Mitigation Functional Partition
• Multi-Radio Coexistence-Aware System Architecture
• Backup
– Definition of Protocol Layers
2
Ultimate Goals:
Organization, Efficiency, Simplicity, Extensibility, Distinction,
Performance
3
Salient Features of the Proposed Architecture
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Maintain backward compatibility with the 802.16e Reference System
through maximal reuse of existing functional components/protocols and at
the same time using new features where necessary to achieve the
performance targets.
Multi-radio coexistence-aware system architecture which allows efficient
coordination of collocated radio access technologies on the user device.
Relay-enabled architecture with unified access and relay links for optimal
two-hop operation.
Different multi-carrier deployment options including support of contiguous
and non-contiguous RF bands with single MAC instantiation.
Flexibility for future enhancements and extensions
Data and control plane protocols are specified separately.
Unified support of FDD, TDD, and H-FDD duplex mode with common
baseband processing
Unified single-user and multi-user MIMO structure (single stream and/or
multi-stream processing) for support of advanced multi-antenna techniques.
Provisions for data-plane and control-plane ciphering protocols.
Structured layer 2 functionalities where MAC common part sub-layer is
extended and split into two functional groups (alternatively MAC CPS
functions are softly classified into two categories).
4
Overall Network Architecture (informative)
R2 (logical interface)
Home Network
Service Provider
Visited Network
Service Provider
802.16e
MS
R1
Access Service Network
Gateway
R6
BS
R8
802.16m
MS
R1’
BS
R6
R3
Connectivity
Service
Network
R5
Connectivity
Service
Network
Access Service Network
Layer 1 and Layer 2 to be specified by IEEE 802.16m
R4
Access Service
Provider
Network
(Internet)
Access Service
Provider
Network
(Internet)
Other Access Service Networks
5
IEEE 802.16e-2005 Reference Model
CS SAP
Service Specific
Convergence Sub-Layer
(CS)
Management Entity
Service Specific
Convergence Sub-Layer
MAC SAP
MAC Common Part
Sub-Layer
(MAC CPS)
Management Layer
MAC Common Part
Sub-Layer
Security Sub-Layer
Security Sub-Layer
RAN
Control
and
Transport
Functions
External
Networks
PHY SAP
Physical Layer
(PHY)
Management Entity
Physical Layer
802.16e-2005
Data/Control Plane
IEEE 802.16f/g NetMAN
Management Plane
WiMAX NWG
RAN
Architecture
6
IEEE 802.16m Reference Model
CS SAP
Radio
Resource
Control
and
Management
Functions
Management Entity
Service Specific
Convergence Sub-Layer
Convergence
Sub-Layer
MAC SAP
Management Layer
Common Part
Sub-Layer
RAN
Control
and
Transport
Functions
External
Networks
Medium Access Control Functions
Security Sub-Layer
Security Sub-Layer
WiMAX NWG
RAN
Architecture
PHY SAP
Physical Layer
(PHY)
Management Entity
Physical Layer
IEEE 802.16m
Data/Control Plane
IEEE 802.16f/g NetMAN
Management Plane
MAC Common-Part Sub-Layer
7
Functional Split between IEEE 802.16m and the
Access Network (informative)
To be Specified by WiMAX Forum Network Architecture
BS
ASN-GW
Paging Agent
DHCP Proxy/Relay
Authentication Function
AAA Client/Authenticator
Context Function
Context Function
Service Flow Management Functions
Service Flow Anchor
Key Receiver
Key Distributor
Handover Function
R6
Interface
Data Path Function
Handover Function
Data Path Function
MIP FA
Radio Resource Control
& Management Functions
CS
RRM Relay
Paging Controller/Location Register
Medium Access Control Functions
Proxy MIP Client
PHY
To be Specified by IEEE 802.16m
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IEEE 802.16e System State Diagram
Power ON/OFF
Initialization State
Scanning and DL
Synchronization
(Preamble Detection)
DL MAP (Common
Control Channel)
Acquisition
Broadcast
Channel
Acquisition
(DCD/UCD)
MS Authentication,
Authorization & Key
Exchange (PKMv2/
EAP)
Registration with
Serving BS
(REG-REQ/RSP)
Idle State
MAC CIDs
Establishme
nt (DSA-
(DHCP/MIP)
REQ/RSP)
Connected State
Cell Selection
Decision
IP Address
Assignment
Active Mode
Fast
Networ
k Reentry
DL/UL Data Transmission
with Serving BS
Access State
Ranging and UL
Synchronization
(RNG-REQ/RSP)
Basic Capability
Negotiation
Handoff/
Network
Re-entry
Neighbor
Scanning
Sleep Mode
(SBC-REQ/RSP)
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IEEE 802.16m System State Diagram
Power ON/OFF
Initialization State
Scanning and DL
Synchronization
(Preamble Detection)
Broadcast
Channel
Acquisition
(DCD/UCD)
Cell Selection
Decision
DL MAP
Acquisition
MS Authentication,
Authorization & Key
Exchange (PKMv2/
EAP)
Registration with
Serving BS
(REG-REQ/RSP)
Idle State
MAC CIDs
Establishme
nt (DSA-
IP Address
Assignment
(DHCP/MIP)
REQ/RSP)
Connected State
Active Mode
Fast
Networ
k Reentry
DL/UL Data Transmission
with Serving BS
Access State
Ranging and UL
Synchronization
(RNG-REQ/RSP)
Basic Capability
Negotiation
Handoff/
Network
Re-entry
Neighbor
Scanning
Sleep Mode
(SBC-REQ/RSP)
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IEEE 802.16m Air-Interface Protocol Stack
Classification of Layer 2 Functions Across Data and Control Planes
Control Plane
Data Plane
Radio Resource
Management
Network Entry
Management
Routing
Multi-Carrier Support
Radio Resource
Idle Mode Management
Control &
Management
Location Management
MBS
Functions
CS SAP
Mobility Management
Self-Organization
Convergence Sub-Layer
Security Management
System Configuration
Management
L2
QoS
Data Forwarding
Data and Control
Bearers
Multi-Radio CoexistenceSleep Mode Management
Control and
Signaling
Scheduling & Resource
Multiplexing
Fragmentation/Packing
PHY Control
Ranging
Link Adaptation
ARQ
Interference
Management
MAC PDU Formation
Medium Access Control Functions
Security Sub-Layer
Physical Channels
PHY Protocol (FEC Coding, Signal Mapping, Modulation, MIMO processing, etc.)
L1
Physical Layer
MAC Common Part Sub-Layer
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Protocol Structure for Multi-carrier Support
Data Plane
Control Plane
CS SAP
Radio Resource Control
& Management Functions
CS Sub-Layer
Data and Control Bearers
Medium Access Control Functions
L2
Security Sub-Layer
Dynamic/Static Mapping
MAC Common Part Sub-Layer
Physical Channels
Physical Channels
PHY 1
RF Carrier 1
PHY 2
RF Carrier 2
…
Physical Channels
PHY n
RF Carrier n
L1
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Multi-carrier Support (Base Station and Mobile
Station)
Frequency/
Sub-carriers
Network Layer
RF2
Broadcast
Messaging?
Scheduling
P
R
E
A
M
B
L
E
MAC/Signlling
Dynamic/Static Mapping
DL Allocations
PHY
RF1
UL Allocations
RF1
Broadcast
Messaging
P
R
E
A
M
B
L
E
PHY
RF1
Common
Messaging
DL Allocations
(Example)
UL Allocations
PHY
RF2
PHY
RF3
PHY
RF1
PHY
RF2
PHY
RF1
PHY
RF3
MAC/Signlling
MAC/Signlling
MAC/Signlling
Scheduling
Scheduling
Scheduling
Network Layer
Network Layer
Network Layer
User* 1
User* 2
User* 3
Time
* The device capabilities for multi-carrier support may vary and shall be specified through definition of various device classes.
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IEEE 802.16m Data Plane Protocol Stack
BS
MAC CPS
MS
CS
CS
RS
Medium Access
Control Functions
Medium Access
Control Functions
Medium Access
Control Functions
Security
Security*
Security
PHY
PHY
PHY
IEEE 802.16m Air-Interface
IEEE 802.16m AirInterface
* Security functions may be limited in certain nodes of the network that are outside of
direct control of the operator (also known as security zone)
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IEEE 802.16m Control Plane Protocol Stack
MAC CPS
MS
BS
RS
Radio Resource
Control &
Management
Functions
Radio Resource
Control &
Management
Functions
Radio Resource
Control &
Management
Functions
Medium Access
Control Functions
Medium Access
Control Functions
Medium Access
Control Functions
Security
Security*
Security
PHY
PHY
PHY
IEEE 802.16m Air-Interface
IEEE 802.16m Air-Interface
Certain Management Functions messages may be ciphered
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Functional Block Diagram of Unified OL/CL SU/MUMIMO
MULTI-BS
COORDINATION
(Layer 2)
Layer 2
Notes:
1. P is the total user number
2. N is the total RB number
SU/MU-MIMO
User
Selection
MIMO Multiplexing
selected user set
BEAMFORMING
OFDM Framing
Encoder
Encoder
RB 1
Encoder
...
User 1
data
User
Selection
IFFT
User 2
data
selected
user set
RB 2
OFDM SYMBOL
CONSTRUCTION
Encoder
Encoder
Encoder
...
MIMO Encoder
(STBC/SM,etc)
Preamble
Permutation
Distributed/
Localized
Pilots
Power boosting
:
User
Selection
User i
data
selected
user set
RB N
Encoder
Encoder
IFFT
Control
Encoder
...
CQI (long-term),
CQI (short-term),
BF Vector Index
ACK/NACK ...
CQICH Bandwidth
for Each User,
BF Vector/Matrix
INPUT
CONTROL
Scheduler:
User- Selection /Resource Allocation, …...
INPUT
FFR
User P
data
IFFT
BEAMFORMER/
PRECODER
MCW & SCW
control
Scheduler
Decision
BF Vector/Matrix
Layer 2 Control
Mode/ Rank/ Link
Adaptation,
Retransmission Ind.
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Interference Mitigation Functional Partition
Radio
Resource
Control &
Management
Functions
Interference-aware BS
Coordination
FFR (semi-static)
Medium
Access
Control
Function
s
FFR (dynamic)
InterferenceAware
Scheduling
Uplink
Power
Control
Interference Randomization
PHY
TX Beamforming
RX Interference
Mitigation
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Functional Block Diagram for Interference
Mitigation
MULTI-BS
COORDINATION
(Layer 2)
Layer 2
Notes:
1. N is the total RB number
2. Reuse zones support different reuse factors
MIMO Multiplexing
RB
User #2
data
Encoder
Encoder
Encoder
...
IFFT
Scheduler:
RB
RB
OFDM SYMBOL
CONSTRUCTION
Encoder
Encoder
Encoder
...
MIMO Encoder
(STBC/SM,etc)
RB N
IFFT
BEAMFORMER/
PRECODER
Preamble
Permutation
Distributed
Localized
Pilots
Power boosting
:
Reuse
Zone
RB
RB 2
Interference
aware, User
selection, …...
RB
User #P
data
OFDM Framing
RB
RB
User #i
data
RB 1
Reuse
Zone
RB
Reuse
Zone
User #1
data
BEAMFORMING
Encoder
Encoder
IFFT
Encoder
...
RB
MCW & SCW
control
CQI (long-term),
CQI (short-term),
BF Vector Index
ACK/NACK ...
CQICH Bandwidth
for Each User,
BF Vector/Matrix
Mode/ Rank/ Link
Adaptation,
Retransmission Ind.
Scheduler
Decision
BF Vector/Matrix
Layer 2 Control
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Multi-Radio Coexistence-Aware System
Architecture
Radio x
Coexistence
Control Logic
(Proprietary)
Coexistence
Information Service
Arbitrator
Activity
Grant
Request
Inter-Radio Interface
Coordination / Negotiation
Coexistence
Control
802.16m Radio
Activity Notification
Collocated Interference Report
Coexistence-Aware Air Interface
To be specified in the 802.16m Standard
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Definition of Protocol Layers
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Physical Layer
– A set of functions/protocols for encoding/decoding, modulation/demodulation, MIMO
processing, …, and transmission/reception of traffic and control signals.
Security Sub-Layer
– A set of L2 functions/protocols for encryption/decryption and authentication of user MSDUs.
Medium Access Control Functions
– A subset of E-MAC CPS comprising functions/protocols such as measurement, link
adaptation, scheduling, error control , ranging, QoS, flow control, airlink management, etc.
Resource Control and Management Functions
– A subset of E-MAC CPS comprising radio resource control and management functions and
protocols such as mobility management, load control, admission control, radio resource
management, etc.
Convergence Sub-Layer
– A set of data plane protocols that interface E-MAC CPS with layer 3 protocols. These
functions include robust header compression, traffic classification, etc.
Data Plane
– These are the protocols implementing the actual data bearer service, i.e. carrying user data
through the access stratum.
Control Plane
– These are the protocols for controlling the data bearers and the connection between the MS
and the network from different aspects (including requesting the service, controlling different
transmission resources, handover etc.).
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