IEEE C802.16m-09/1815r1
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Project
IEEE 802.16 Broadband Wireless Access Working Group <http://ieee802.org/16>
Title
LBS Operation in IEEE P802.16m (LBS)
Date
Submitted
2009-09-23
Source(s)
Eunkyung Kim, Jaesun Cha, Juhee Kim,
Soojung Jung, Hyun Lee, Kwangjae Lim,
Chulsik Yoon
ETRI
138 Gajeongno, Yusong-gu, Daejeon,
305-700, KOREA
Re:
“P802.16m/D1 LBS,” in response to the TGm Call for Contributions on Project 802.16m
Amendment Content, IEEE 802.16m-09/0037
Abstract
LBS operation on IEEE 802.16m
Purpose
To discuss and adopt the proposed text in the next revision of 802.16m draft
Notice
Release
Patent
Policy
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Voice: +82-42-860-5415
E-mail: ekkim@etri.re.kr
This document does not represent the agreed views of the IEEE 802.16 Working Group or any of its subgroups. It
represents only the views of the participants listed in the “Source(s)” field above. It is offered as a basis for
discussion. It is not binding on the contributor(s), who reserve(s) the right to add, amend or withdraw material
contained herein.
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Further information is located at <http://standards.ieee.org/board/pat/pat-material.html> and
<http://standards.ieee.org/board/pat>.
LBS Operation in IEEE P802.16m (LBS)
Eunkyung Kim, Jaesun Cha, Juhee Kim, Soojung Jung, Hyun Lee, Kwangjae Lim, Chulsik Yoon
ETRI
1 Instructions
The draft of IEEE 802.16m System Description Document (SDD)[1] describes the support for Located Based
Services (LBS) and Section 12 in SDD describes some primitive concept of LBS, which is not enough to cover
LBS operation on the next version of IEEE 802.16m Amendment Draft Standard [2] . Therefore, in this
contribution, we describe the detail description of LBS operation and some AAI MAC management messages
(i.e., AAI_LBS-RSP, AAI_LBS-REP), which support LBS operation in IEEE 802.16m.
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IEEE C802.16m-09/1815r1
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2. Text Proposal for the 802.16m Amendment Draft Standard
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The text in BLACK color: the existing text in the 802.16m Amendment Draft Standard
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The text in RED color: the removal of existing 802.16m Amendment Draft Standard Text
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The text in BLUE color: the new text added to the 802.16m Amendment Draft Standard Text
Note:
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Proposed Text for Support for LBS (15.2 in the 802.16m Amendment Draft Standard)
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[-------------------------------------------------Start of Text Proposal---------------------------------------------------]
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[add the following new section]
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15.2.x Support for LBS
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15.2.x.a General Concept of LBS
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IEEE 802.16m supports basic MAC and PHY features to support both use cases, with or without use of GPS or
equivalent satellite based location solution.
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IEEE 802.16m system entities will support LBS applications by providing them with:
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• Relevant measurements, periodic or event driven
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• Resources (time and frequency slots) to perform the relevant measurements
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• Communication channels (unicast and broadcast), as allocated to higher layer applications of any type.
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It should be emphasized that the actual implementation of the LBS application or method of location
determination is out of the scope of IEEE 802.16m.
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In order to enhance location based service, AMS should send report location-related information which includes
the location information or the measurement for determining location in response to the request of ABS . In
addition, LBS is supported for AMS in connected state as well as idle state. For the connected state, AMS can
report location information when it is needed. For the idle state, AMS should perform network re-entry to report
location information when it is needed.
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The AMS positioning is performed by using measurement methods, such as TDOA, TOA, AOA, and etc., whose
relevant location-related parameters may include cell-ID, RSSI, CINR, RD, RTD, angle, and Spatial Channel
Information. These parameters are exchanged between the AMS and its serving/attached or/and neighboring
ABSs/ARSs. The measurements of these parameters are extracted by processing DL and/or UL signals at the
AMS and ABSs, respectively. Positioning algorithms that depend on such measurements have certain
performance tradeoffs in terms of positioning accuracy, latency, and signaling overhead. Two or more
measurements can be utilized to provide higher accuracy estimate of the AMS position.
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15.2.x.b Reporting Methods for LBS
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15.2.x.b.1 Reporting Types
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According to the measurement methods of LBS, some location information or some LBS measurement
parameters such as CINR/RSSI/RD/RTD/Angle are transmitted to the ABS to measure the location.
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15.2.x.b.2 Reporting Mode and Condition
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An AMS supported LBS reports location information if any of following location information reporting
condition is met.
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- Timer based location information reporting
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-Threshold based location information reporting
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An LBS-capable AMS should support the following reporting modes: per-request, periodic, and event-triggered
reporting modes. The event-triggered reporting mode is a variation of the periodic reporting mode with
reporting criteria, such as a moving distance threshold and updated timer expiration. For example, the AMS will
report the location when the distance between the current location and the last reported location beyond the
“moving distance threshold”.
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15.2.x.c LBS Operation
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15.2.x.c.1 LBS Operation in Connected State
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For connected state, LBS can be initiated by the ABS or the AMS.
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The location measurement procedure may be initiated by either the AMS or the network, which is requested by
the application associated with the AMS or the client attached at the core network.
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An ABS may trigger a location measurement by sending a MAC management message to the AMS. The AMS
responds to this with a MAC management message with the parameters that enable location determination.
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In order to initiate the LBS report, The ABS sends an AAI_LBS-RSP MAC management message to the AMS or
the AMS sends an AAI_LBS-REP MAC management message to the ABS. In the response to the AAI_LBSREP MAC management message, the ABS shall send AAI_LBS-RSP.
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The AAI_LBS-RSP MAC management message contains some LBS information, which may include identifier
of the AMS, mode of LBS, and method of LBS measurement, metric to measure the location according to the
measurement method. Mode of LBS is used to instruct the BS and/or the MS to perform LBS measurement and
report location information.
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15.2.x.c.2 LBS Operation in Idle State
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Beside to the LBS operation in connected state, LBS should be supported for MS in idle state. AAI_PAG-ADV
MAC management message with some parameter (i.e., action code, LBS method, LBS measurement metric, and
etc.) is transmitted by ABS to make AMS start/end LBS and report location information.
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For idle state AMS, the AMS may report the LBS measurement parameters (i.e., requested measurement metric,
updated timer) during on paging. The idle state AMS, on being paged, should perform LBS ranging with the
code set and region which are transmitted in the AAI_PAG-ADV MAC management message by ABS. An AAI_
RNG-REQ MAC management message with the ranging purpose indication (LBS measurement) is transmitted
to an ABS when it receives an AAI_PAG-ADV with Action Code = 0b10 (Perform LBS measurement) or when
any location information reporting condition is met. The AAI_RNG-REQ MAC management message includes
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the metric according to the method and the required metric from the ABS and preferred update timer to perform
the next LBS measurement.
[modify and add the following rows into Table 729 – parameters for AAI_PAG-ADV message format]
Name
Value
Usage
Action Code
0b00 = Perform network re-entry
Paging action instruction to each
0b01 = Perform ranging to establish paged AMS.
location
0b10 = Perform LBS
measurement(initiate/change)
0b11 = Reserved Stop performing
LBS measurement
Dedicated ranging code and
opportunity
[TBD]
Ranging to perform LBS
measurement
It may be included when Action
Code = 0b10
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[Adopt the following rows to the Table 682 – parameters for AAI_RNG-REQ]
Name
Value
Usage
…
Ranging
Purpose
Indication
The presence of this item in the message
indicates the following AMS action:
If Bit#0 is set to 1, in combination with a
serving BSID, it indicates that the AMS is
It shall be included when the AMS is attempting
currently attempting unprepared HO.
to perform reentry, HO, or location update, or
LBS measurement
If Bit#1 is set to 1, in combination with a
paging controller ID, indicates that the AMS
is attempting network reentry from idle
mode to the ABS.
If Bit#2 is set to 1, it indicates that the AMS
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IEEE C802.16m-09/1815r1
is currently attempting prepared HO.
If Bit#3 is set to 1, it indicates that the AMS
is initiating the idle mode location update
process.
Bit#4: ranging request for emergency call
setup. When this bit is set to 1, it indicates
AMS action of Emergency Call process.
If Bit#5 is set to 1, it indicates that the AMS
is attempting to report the LBS related
metric to perform LBS measurement.
Bit#56-7 : reserved.
…
LBS GPSbased
measurement
metric
In case of GPS based method, An AMS,
which is equipped with GPS capability can
utilize IEEE 802.16m MAC and PHY
features to estimated its location and the
following parameters are included:
Longitude
If the ranging purpose is to perform LBS
measurement and/or the AMS wants to measure
the location, it is included in the AAI_RNGREQ
LBS measurement metric transmitted by the
AMS which is used to perform GPS based LBS.
measurement
Latitude
Altitude
In case of Non-GPS based method, LBS
measurement may be supported in the DL
and UL and according to the measurement
metric, the following parameters are
included:
LBS NonGPS-based
measurement
metric
If the ranging purpose is to perform LBS
measurement and/or the AMS wants to measure
the location, it is included in the AAI_RNGREQ
LBS measurement metric transmitted by the
AMS which is used to perform Non-GPS based
LBS. measurement
CINR
RSSI
Relative Delay (RD)
Round Trip Delay (RTD)
Time of arrival (ToA)
Angle
Preferred
It indicates the next preferred time to
If the ranging purpose is to perform LBS
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IEEE C802.16m-09/1815r1
update timer
perform LBS measurement
measurement and/or the AMS wants to measure
the location, it may be included in the
AAI_RNG-REQ.
It may help the ABS to transmit the next
AAI_PAG-ADV
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[Adopt the following rows to the Table 683 – parameters for AAI_RNG-RSP]
Name
Value
Usage
LBS
measurement
indication
0b0 = No LBS measurement
0b1 = Needs LBS measurement report
Indicates whether the LBS measurement report is
needed or not.
LBS Method
0b0 = GPS-based Method
Indicates a LBS measurement method.
0b1 = Non-GPS-based Method
It shall be included in the AAI_RNG-RSP when
the LBS measurement indication is set (0b1).
It may be included in the AAI_RNG-RSP if the
ranging is for the LBS measurement.
LBS
measurement
metric
0b000 = CINR
Indicates a measurement parameter when NonGPS based method is used. It shall be included
when LBS Method = 0b1
0b001 = RSSI
0b010 = Relative Delay (RD)
0b011 = Round Trip Delay (RTD)
0b100 = Time of arrival (ToA)
0b101 = Angle
0b110-0b111 = Reserved
Preferred
timer
Preferred time to report the next LBS-REP
It indicates the next preferred time to perform
LBS measurement.
It may be included in the AAI_RNG-RSP if the
ranging is for the LBS measurement.
Threshold
Threshold to compare the previous and
current LBS measurement metric
It indicates the threshold to compare the previous
and current LBS measurement metric.
It may be included in the AAI_RNG-RSP if the
ranging is for the LBS measurement.
Resource info.
to report
AAI_LBSREP
[TBD]
UL resource info.(region, MCS) to report
AAI_LBS-REP MAC management message
It shall be included in the AAI_RNG-RSP when
the LBS measurement indication is set (0b1).
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[Add the following rows to Table 675 – MAC Control Messages]
Message name
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Message description
Connection
AAI_LBS-RSP
LBS Response
Basic
AAI_LBS-REP
LBS Report
Basic
[Add the following new section]
15.2.6.x AAI_LBS-RSP
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The ABS shall send AAI_LBS-RSP to initiate the LBS report, or to acknowledge the AAI_LBS-REP sent by the
AMS. The AAI_LBS-RSP message shall include the following parameters:
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Mode: indicates the start of LBS report or end of report. In case of Mode = 0b0, the AMS shall start the LBS
report or change the LBS report method until the Mode = 0b1.
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0b0: LBS on
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0b1: LBS off
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Method:
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0b0: GPS-Based Method
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0b1: Non-GPS-Based Method
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In case of Method = 0b0, An AMS, which is equipped with GPS capability can utilize IEEE 802.16m MAC and
PHY features to estimate its location.
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In case of Method = 0b1, Non-GPS-Based Methods rely on the role of the serving and neighboring ABSs/ARSs.
LBS related measurements may be supported in the DL and UL and according to the measurement metric, the
following parameters are included:
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CINR
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RSSI
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Relative Delay (RD)
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Round Trip Delay (RTD)
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Time of arrival (ToA)
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Angle
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Reporting Mode
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0b0: Timer based location information reporting
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0b1: Threshold based location information reporting
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Report update value: next preferred update timer due to crossing the boundary of the cell or threshold to
measure for moving distance threshold
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Updated Timer (t)
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Threshold
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15.2.6.y AAI_LBS-REP
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The AMS shall send AAI_LBS-REP to report the measure result according to the measurement metric requested
by the ABS, or to request measure the location of the AMS itself.
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Method:
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0b0: GPS-Based Method
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0b1: Non-GPS-Based Method
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In case of Method = 0b0, An AMS, which is equipped with GPS capability can utilize IEEE 802.16m MAC and
PHY features to estimated its location and the following parameters are included:
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Longitude
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Latitude
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Altitude
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In case of Method = 0b1, LBS measurement may be supported in the DL and UL and according to the
measurement metric, the following parameters are included:
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CINR
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RSSI
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Relative Delay (RD)
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Round Trip Delay (RTD)
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Time of arrival (ToA)
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Angle
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Report Timer: next preferred update timer due to crossing the boundary of the cell
Updated Timer (t)
[-------------------------------------------------End of Text Proposal----------------------------------------------------]
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References
[1] IEEE 802.16m-09/0034, “IEEE 802.16m System Description Document,” July 2009
[2] IEEE P802.16m/D1, “DRAFT Amendment to IEEE Standard for Local and metropolitan area networks;
Part 16: Air Interface for Broadband Wireless Access systems; Advanced Air Interface,” July 200
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