Title: 802.16h up-date – Session #62
Document Number: IEEE C802.16h-09/0017r1
Date Submitted: July 14, 2009
Source:
Chair of LE TG: Mariana Goldhamer
ALVARION
21a HaBarzel Street, Tel Aviv, Israel
Voice:+972 3 645 6241
mariana.goldhamer@alvarion.com
Venue:
Session #62, 13-16 July, 2009
Base Document:
Purpose:
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802.16h up-date – Session #62
Mariana Goldhamer
802.16h Chair
Topics
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Technology
Use cases
Regulations
Interaction with 16m
Industry interest
US Government interest
Social impact
Conclusions
Note: 802.16h Sponsor Ballot status is addressed in the
document IEEE 802.16h-09/0013
802.16 attractiveness in LE Bands
• Main features
– Ability to deploy multiple BS sectors in adjacent
frequency channels
– Higher coverage
– Higher peak data rates with spatial multiplexing
– Higher spectral efficiency
– Better QoS
• Main 802.16 technology enablers
– Traffic scheduling with Tx/Rx synchronization
– MIMO
– UL OFDMA
P802.16h technology features
Coexistence between 802.16-based systems
• Sharing of a frequency channel between colocated operators
– Coexistence Frame (CX-Frame)
– Each operator may use
• different channel widths
• different PHY profiles of 802.16
• different cell sizes (macro, micro, nano cells)
• No inter-operator messages needed for basic
operation
P802.16h technology features for improved
coexistence with PRIMARY users
• SSU (Specific Spectrum Users)
– Coexistence Control Channel
• Synchronized silence intervals enabling the cognitive
detection
– Examples: TV Transmitters, Wireless Mics, etc.
– FCC regulations for LE TV bands: -114dBm detection levels
require absolute silence
• NON-SSU
– CXCBP - Contention-based protocol
• Improved coexistence with 802.11, other bursty systems
• No inter-operator messages needed
Communication for improved inter-system
coexistence
• Inter-system messages
– Spread information on the BS/SS radio power, antennae,
location, Coexistence Frame usage, etc.
– Control of interference between operators
– Optimization of spectrum usage
– Systems may belong to different operators
• Inter-system protocols
– Coexistence negotiation protocol (Token Protocol,
developed within the European E2R II research
project)
• General spectrum controller is supported
Reasons for using LE spectrum
• Large Mobile / DSL operators do not see a business case in rural
broadband
– Local operators use preferably the LE spectrum, on-roof antennae
• Licensed spectrum is too expensive
• Many entities want their own network
– Vertical applications
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Health
Local government
Public Private safety
Utilities
• Combined Licensed and LE deployments
– Attractive for operators not having enough licensed spectrum
• Licensed-band networks are becoming increasingly capacity limited due
to the uptake of broadband mobile wireless applications
Main use cases of LE bands
• Internet access in rural areas
– Outdoor antennae for coverage (Fixed)
• Backhauling
– Rural backhauling: FCC in perceives TV White Spaces as a
suitable frequency - FCC 08-260
• Public and Private Safety, Homeland Security
– Video surveillance, file transfers, MAPs
• Major event using 5GHz video surveillance: Obama’s inauguration
• Utility companies
– Electricity, Oil and Gas companies
– Sensor deployment: 802.11, 802.15, 802.16, etc. based,
aggregation: 802.16
Examples where 802.16h is needed
Bands below 4GHz
• TV White Spaces (aprox. 300MHz between 52…692MHz)
– Data-base approach: resolves the Broadcast TV detection
– Still required detection of wireless mics, etc.
• -114dBm power levels: detection is possible only with sync. silence
• 802.16h Coexistence Control Channel enable the operation in TVWS
• 2.4GHz
– Reduced interference to 2.3GHz, 2.5GHz licensed bands
– Europe: Requirements for Medium Access Protocol (EN 300328 V1.7.1) for
spectrum sharing with other devices
• 3.65GHz – 3.70GHz, US
– Contention-based protocol is required by FCC in the upper 25MHz
– Coexistence Assurance with 802.11y was done in 802.19 Coexistence TAG
• http://grouper.ieee.org/groups/802/19/pub/ca.html
Examples where 802.16h is needed
Bands above 4GHz
• 4.9GHz US PLMR, Broadband Homeland
Security
– 50MHz, common spectrum pool
– Shared between local police, federal and local government,
health institutions, fire protection, private security,
industrial security, businesses security, etc.
• 1650 PLMR registered entities with FCC
– 802.16h: No strict frequency assignment between entities is
needed
• 5.470 GHz to 5.725 GHz
– Europe: Requirements for Medium Access Protocol (EN
301 893 v.1.5.1) for spectrum sharing with other devices
• DFS is a different requirement and imposes how the channel
selection is done
802.16h as advantage of 802.16
• Combined licensed and un-licensed spectrum use
– Additional spectrum for FREE
– Requested target in the European Research FP7 – Call 4 - Objective ICT2009.1.1: The Network of the Future
- Novel radio network architectures enabling the innovative usage of licensed,
unlicensed or unused radio spectrum with the aim of radical cost- and
energy-reduction. Target environments range from short to medium distance
including systems based on femto-cells, ad-hoc networks and vehicular
networks, up to wide-area terrestrial and satellite-based radio access networks.
• Frequency flexibility
– Some established cellular operator have access to multiple spectrum
bands, but many WiMAX operators are working with less
– 802.16h extends the available spectrum for WiMAX operators
• 3.65GHz, 5GHz, TV White Spaces
• Use cases
– Backhauling
– Femto-Cells
• 802.16h allows to comply with the requirement “10m +wall” for FemtoBSMS separation
Interaction of 802.16h with 802.16m
• NO interaction
– 802.16m is for licensed operation, 802.16h is for
LE
• No need to combine them
• No need to track 16m after 16h
– 802.16m and 802.16h are contained in different
and independent chapters
• 16m shall use Chapter 16, as Chapter 15 is used by
802.16h
• A next standard revision will keep 802.16h in a separate
chapter, as is the case for the OFDM PHY
Number of amendments
• NO limitation to 3 amendments
– “Up to three amendments can be approved before the standard
shall be revised, unless the base standard has been approved or
reaffirmed within the past three years. In the latter case,
multiple amendments may be added until the base standard
is three years old.”
– http://standards.ieee.org/guides/opman/sect8.html#8.1
• The limiting factor is not the number of amendments, but
three years from the approval of the 802.16-2009
Industry interest
– IEEE Sponsor Ballot
• Clear evidence of industry interest
• 134 Balloters, 100 Approve, 93% approval ratio
• Other 802.16 SBs: 802.16j – 174 people, 802.16-2009: 183 people
– More, but same order of magnitude
– Operator interest
• 3.65GHz, where 802.16h is required for 25MHz (50%) of the spectrum
– 950 licensees (many nation-wide)
– See announced WiMAX deployments in the back-up slides
– Obama’s BB stimulus: WiMAX producers are educating the WISPs for 3.65GHz
usage
– Recession effects
• Number of people attending 802.16h meetings is reduced
– 802.16 and WiMAX are focused on Mobile applications
• Fixed deployments constitute the 802.16 and WiMAX Success
– > 400 Fixed WiMAX Deployments
• LE Bands are used for Fixed Rural deployments
– Smaller companies, not attending 802.16 meetings
US Government interest
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US – President Obama’s broadband stimulus
– Internet access for Rural areas
– $3.7Billion, most of it going to wireless
– Significant part will go to 3.65GHz
– http://www.realestatewebmasters.com/showthread.php?t=31955
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US Rural Utilities Service (RUS) program:
– $2.5 billion
– USDA for government-funded rural development
– http://www.usda.gov/rus/telecom/index.htm
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802.16h impact
– Broadband Internet access in rural areas, using mainly 3.65GHz
• “WiMAX” is the technology of choice (see back-up slides)
• Clearwire is “focused on completing our national rollout of 80 markets over the next 18 months, and
our existing build plan isn’t predicated on our ability to secure this funding”
– http://www.netvibes.com/wimax-technology-news/tab/IT_News#Wimax_News
– Thousands of new jobs
• See next slide
– Larger impact of the Internet access
• “it will fuel the new economy, help modernize the health sector through telemedicine, our
education system through e-learning and our environment through telecommuting.”
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http://internetinnovation.org/blog/tags/tag/obama
US Government interest – Smart Grids
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In early 2009, responding to President Obama’s energy-related national priorities, NIST
acted to accelerate progress and promote stakeholder consensus on Smart Grid
interoperability standards.
– 802.16 used in Operation domain, Distribution domain, Customer Domain
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Investigating Communications Interference in Unlicensed Radio Spectrums - NIST
should commission a group of experts to study the issue of communications interference
in unlicensed radio spectrums for smart grid applications.
• 3.65GHz is already attractive – limited interference – see list of 3.65GHz
licensees – back-up slides
• 802.16h is attractive for the improved coexistence with other IEEE 802
standards
Developing common time synchronization and management - NIST should work
with the appropriate standards development organizations to develop or adopt
application or role based time synchronization guidelines
– http://www.nist.gov/smartgrid/InterimSmartGridRoadmapNISTRestructure.pdf
Social impact
• Below are examples of the overall-jobs benefit from the
broadband stimulus
– A part of them will be due to deployments in 3.65GHz
• http://money.cnn.com/2009/03/27/technology/rural_broadband
.fortune.fortune/index.htm?postversion=2009032710
– NEW YORK -- President Obama's $7 billion-plus plan to bring
broadband to rural America could create up to 260,000 new jobs,
according to researchers.
• Even if only 20% of this will be due to usage of 3.65GHz, the
number of jobs is still > 50,000
– Split by the hype factor – you still have a significant number of
jobs!
Conclusion
• 802.16h is needed
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Regulations: TVWS, 3.65GHz, 5GHz Europe
High industry interest
US Government interest
Social impact: Internet access for rural areas, high number
of jobs
- Complementary to Licensed Bands usage of 802.16
– Key feature for increasing the spectrum amount
- Adds cost-free spectrum for 802.16 operation
- No impact on 802.16m
- Improved coexistence with other 802-based systems
Back-up slides
Links on 3.65GHz / President Obama’s stimulus
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http://www.newsguide.us/technology/internet/Quantum-Networks-To-Roll-Out-3-65-GHz-WiMax-toRural-Operators-Nation-Wide-on-the-Heels-of-the-Obama-Broadband-Technology-Initiative/
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http://www.digitalcommunitiesblogs.com/broadband_nation/2009/06/the-new-alliance-25ghz-ebs-365.php
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Nth Air, Inc. and Fujitsu Deploy Broadband Network on 3.65 GHz Spectrum in Las Vegas
3.65GHz WiMAX on West Coast
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IDT Spectrum said today that the FCC has authorized it to operate forty six (46) WiMAX base stations in the 3.65 GHz
band. WiMAX services could help headquarters and regional offices of oil and gas exploration and services firms to forge
cost effective, virtual connections with their rigs and platforms in the field.
http://resources.bnet.com/topic/fujitsu+ltd.+and+wimax.html
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VoiceNetworkx has initiated FCC registration for 12 base stations in Southern California in anticipation of WiMAX
deployment planned for 2009. The company is leveraging its current VoIP competencies and network in order to capitalize
on the FCC's decision to use a non-exclusive shared use licensing scheme for the 3.65 GHz band.
http://www.allbusiness.com/mining-extraction/oil-gas-exploration-extraction/11816855-1.html
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Not only would the $7.2 billion help underdeveloped areas, but with the flailing economy, it would also create muchneeded jobs and help boost industry stocks.
http://www.upi.com/finance//?GUID=8312365&Page=MediaViewer&Ticker=VNWX
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The 2.5GHz band -- along with the 3.65Ghz band -- is very effective in the offering of 4G WiMAX solutions in the fixed,
nomadic and mobile environments
http://www.goingwimax.com/wimax/obama%E2%80%99s-stimulus-package-may-aid-rural-wimax-effort/
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Quantum Networks, a turn-key WiMAX service provider, targets rural wireless operators by offering WiMAX services in
the newly affordable 3.65GHz spectrum in the United States. Operators with shovel-ready WiMAX projects will be able to
tap into the Obama Broadband Stimulus, to quickly and economically roll out WiMAX technology to their customer base.
Webformix says they are the first to launch 3.65GHz WiMAX service on the West Coast
http://smartgrid.testing-blog.com/tag/wimax/
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General Electric, one of the top smart-meter makers in the United States, recently announced that it would install a
network of its WiMAX-based MDS Mercury 3650 radios that operate in the 3.65 GHz band to connect Texas-based utility
CenterPoint Energy’s backhaul system to collection points that will aggregate data from smart meters. CenterPoint is
installing smart meters for its 2.4 million customers in Houston using a self-contained WiMAX network.
Links - continuation
• http://www.fiercewireless.com/ctialive/story/broadba
nd-stimulus-fueling-telecom-boost/2009-05-07
– As Gerson Lehrman Group pointed out: "There are three
technologies that may be favored for these projects:
WiMAX, WiMAX and WiMAX. Only WiMAX can be
deployed on such short notice with minimal planning
delivering maximum last mile broadband for the least cost
per megabit delivered per subscriber."
Examples of 3.65GHz licensees
• WISPs, Utilities, Public Safety, Transportation, Health
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Chevron USA Inc. 0003194933
Black Mountain Broadband, LLC 0008227647
Wisper ISP, Inc. 0016278970
Oklahoma County Sheriff 0004549176
Believe Wireless, LLC. 0016095432
The Boeing Company 0001583483
Homeland Security Wireless, Inc. 0017166067
Mayfield Electric & Water Systems 0017879750
Southern California Gas Company 0001535582
New Jersey Turnpike Authority 0003286317
Lockheed Martin 0018522359
EXXON COMMUNICATIONS COMPANY 0003464575
Ruralwest - Wireless LLC 0004968871
Central Vermont Medical Center 0018819631
Literature
• WiMAX Radio Resource
Management, WILEY & ISTE,
2009
– Edited by Emmanuelle and
Guillaume Vivier
– ISBN: 978-1-84821-069-1
– Chapter 4: Coexistence
between 802.16h Systems
Operating in Shared Bands
• Mariana Goldhamer, David
Grandblaise, Harry Bims, Shulan
Feng, Paul Piggin, John Sydor,
Xuyong Wu.