Smart Grid Requirements for IEEE 802.16 M2M Network
IEEE 802.16 Presentation Submission Template (Rev. 9)
Document Number:
IEEE C802.16ppc-10/0042r1
Date Submitted:
2010-07-12
Source:
Nageen Himayat, Shilpa Talwar, Kerstin Johnsson
Intel Corporation
Venue:
San Diego, CA, USA
Base Contribution:
None
Purpose:
To serve as input for IEEE 802.16p system requirements document.
Notice:
E-mail: nageen.himayat@intel.com
This document does not represent the agreed views of the IEEE 802.16 Working Group or any of its subgroups. It represents only the views of the participants
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withdraw material contained herein.
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accepts that this contribution may be made public by IEEE 802.16.
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Smart Grid Requirements for IEEE 802.16
M2M Network
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Agenda
•
•
•
•
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Relevant Smart Grid Interfaces for IEEE 802.16
Smart Grid Requirements (NIST/Open-SG)
Relevant Requirements for the IEEE 802.16p PAR
Summary & Recommendations
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Service
Providers
Operations
Distribution Ops
Transmission
Ops
Event/
OMS
Markets
Other
Ops.
Mgmt.
Distr.
SCADA
FEP
Smart Grid
Reference Model
(From SG-NET-diagram)
Internet/
Extranets
Utility
3rd Party
CIS/Billing
CIS/Billing
MDMS
AMI
Headend
Wide Area Network
(Private/Public, Wired, Wireless)
AMI Network
Internet/Extranet
DAP (jm)
FAN
GW
Market
Services
Interface
Sub Station
Network
Circuit
Break.
Generation
Field Area
Network
Regional
Distr.
SCADA
Regulaors
Field
Sensor
Cap-BanK
RTU
Energy
Services
Interface (ESI)
Meter (jn)
2way
ESI
In meter
HAN
Smart
Appliances
Submeter
PHEV
Sectionalizer
Customer
Transmission
Distribution
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Bulk Generation
Possible Flow
for 802.16
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Smart Grid Requirements Drafted by Open SG
• UCA International User group: Open SG Communications WG
– Drafting detailed flow of control and data information across all SG interfaces
– Characterizing communication requirements
– Input into NIST Priority Action Plan (PAP) 2 on “Wireless communications
Smart Grid”
– SG Network requirements specification v4.0 [1].
• Several use cases considered
– Residential & Commercial
– Customer, Distribution, Transmission
– Electrical, Gas etc.
• For IEEE 802.16p focus on
– Smart Metering
– Distribution Automation
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Smart Grid Interfaces Applicable for 802.16p
• Smart Metering (Commercial and Residential)
– Home Area Network
– Field Area Network
• Smart Meter to Data Aggregation Point (DAP)
– Wide Area Network
• Smart Meter to AMI Head-end
• DAP to AMI Head-end
• Distribution Automation
– Wide Area Network
• Monitor and control of distribution equipment
– Field Area Network
• Monitor and control of distribution equipment
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Traffic Characteristics of Smart Grid Applications
• Large number of connected devices (e.g. 1K-15 K smart meters/sector )
• Stationary devices
• Devices typically remain “connected” to the network for monitoring and
control
• Typical data flows
– Interval (periodic) and/or multi-interval meter readings, requests, error
reporting
– On-demand meter readings: requests, responses, error reporting
– Parameter, service updates and commands, acknowledgements, errors
– Event and alarm reporting
– Pricing, payments, power charging rate (PHEV) information
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Traffic Characteristics of Smart Grid Applications
(2)
• Small burst transmission
• Higher reliability, access priority and latency for Distribution Automation
alarms and event reporting
• Periodic “high-bandwidth” software upgrades
• Possible group transmission, for group-wide update of system parameters,
software etc.
• Behavior during power outages: notify head-end and continue operation
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Example Smart Metering Transmission Requirements
Category
Description
Periodic
Communication
(Uplink)
Multiinterval
meter read
Frequency
Data
Size
(bytes)
Latency
Reliability
Considered
Residential
Electric
Smart Meter to DAP
12-24
transactions/day
, readings at
15min-1 hour
200-1600
< 3 hours
> 98% /3
hours
DAP to Head-end
4-6
transactions/DA
P/C-I meter/day
200-1600
< 10s
99%
Periodic
Communication
(Downlink)
Comments
Metering
Interval
setup,
Aggregate
statistics must be
calculated
Considered
residential,
electric
DAP to Smart Meter
25 transactions/
1K meters/day
25
5s
98%
Head-end to DAP
25 transactions/
1K meters/day
25
5s
99%
*source : Open SG requirements [1]
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Example Smart Metering Transmission Requirements
Category
Description
On-Demand
Communication
(Uplink)
On-demand
meter reads,
Payments
configuration
Frequency
Data Size
(bytes)
Latency
Reliability
Aggregate
transactions
must be modeled
by a suitable
arrival process
Smart Meters to
DAP
Several
transactions
100
5s
> 98%
DAP to Head-end
Several
transactions
50-100
5s
> 99%
On-Demand
Communication
(Downlink)
On demand
meter
requests,
Pricing,
configuration
Aggregate
transactions
must be modeled
by a suitable
arrival process
DAP to Smart
Meters
Several
25-50
5s
>98%
Head-end to DAP
Several
50-150
5s
> 99%
Software Upgrades
Few/year
400-2000K
5 minutes
~99%
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Comments
*source : Open SG requirements [1]
Different for
meters/DAP
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Transmission Requirements for Distribution
Automation
• Requirements are possibly more stringent than Open-SG requirements
• Significantly higher reliability
• Very low-latency on alarm reporting and control commands (tens of
milliseconds)
• Large number of frequent “real-time” transactions
• Small burst transmissions
• Multicast signaling to support real-time signaling for mass number of
devices
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Recommended Requirements for 802.16p
• Ensure network scalability for large number of devices and transactions
• Exploit intermittent, infrequent traffic and minimize operation in connected
state
• Improve random access and polling/paging mechanisms
• Address extremely low latency for large number of devices (Distribution
Automation).
• Exploit “stationary” devices to reduce signaling in the network
• Exploit group addressing and control
• May need to support new device monitoring and alarm functions
• Mechanisms to handle operation during power outages
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Summary & Recommendations
• Smart Grid is an important use case for M2M communications
• Smart grid requirements apply to targeted enhancements in the IEEE
802.16p PAR: a) extremely large number of devices b) small burst traffic
• Priority access w/ low latency and higher reliability should also be
addressed for Distribution Automation
• Low power transmissions my be required during power outages
• Address Smart Grid requirements as part of IEEE 802.16p system
requirements document (SRD)
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Backup
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References
1.
2.
3.
4.
5.
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Open SG, SG Network Systems Requirements Specification v4.0.
Open SG, SG Network Systems Requirements Specification Interim
Release 2.0.
Open SG, SG Functional Requirements ,specification, v1.0 draft.
Open SG, SG NET diagram
NIST framework and roadmap for Smart Grid interoperability standards,
v1.0.
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Smart Grid Reference Model (Open SG)
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