IEEE 802.16 Working Group:
Wireless Metropolitan Area Networks
Roger B. Marks
Chair, IEEE 802.16 Working Group
r.b.marks@ieee.org
2011-03-12
Presenter:
Matthew J. Sherman
Vice Chair, IEEE 802
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Disclaimer from IEEE Perspective
• “At lectures, symposia, seminars, or educational
courses, an individual presenting information on
IEEE standards shall make it clear that his or her
views should be considered the personal views
of that individual rather than the formal position,
explanation, or interpretation of the IEEE.”
– IEEE-SA Standards Board Operation Manual
(subclause 5.9.3)
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Outline
• IEEE 802.16
• IMT-Advanced status
• Performance characteristics of
WirelessMAN-Advanced as evaluated by
ITU-R
• Active projects in IEEE 802.16
– P802.16n: GRIDMAN
– P802.16p: Machine-to-Machine
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IEEE 802.16 is:
• A Working Group (WG):
– The IEEE 802.16 Working Group on Broadband Wireless
Access
– Develops and maintain a set of standards
• The Working Group’s core standard
– IEEE Std 802.16: Air Interface for Broadband Wireless
Access Systems
– The WirelessMAN® standard for Wireless Metropolitan
Area Networks
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IEEE Standard 802.16
• “Air Interface for Broadband Wireless Access
Systems”
• Developed since 1999 by IEEE 802.16 WG
–
–
–
–
–
Evolves by amendments and revision
Originally fixed-only
Fixed non-line-of-sight OFDMA introduced in 2002
Mobile-enabled OFDMA since 2005 (“802.16e”)
Continues to evolve
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Worldwide Participation
• Open process; everyone may participate
• Current 802.16 WG Membership: 226 people
• Actively seeks worldwide applicability
– Seeks worldwide participation.
– Attendees from Australia, Belgium, Brazil, Canada,
China, Egypt, Finland, France, Germany, Greece,
Hong Kong, India, Ireland, Israel, Italy, Japan, Korea,
Netherlands, New Zealand, Norway, Pakistan,
Romania, Russia, Singapore, Spain, Sweden,
Taiwan, Thailand, USA, UK, etc.
• Major coordination with ITU-R
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IEEE 802.16 Interim Sessions
(excluding IEEE 802 Plenary)
#31
May 2004
China
228
#55
May 2008
China
402
#33
Sep
2004
Korea
287
#57
Sep
2008
Japan
415
#35
Jan
2005
China
313
#59
Jan
2009
USA
310
#37
May 2005
Italy
218
#61
May 2009
Egypt
210
#39
Sep
2005
Taiwan
225
#63
Sep
2009
Korea
257
#41
Jan
2006
India
111
#65
Jan
2010
USA
216
#43
May 2006
Israel
122
#67
May 2010
India
136
#45
Sep
2006
Canada
191
#69
Sep
2010
Russia
108
#47
Jan
2007
UK
274
#71
Jan
2011
Taiwan
111
#49
May 2007
USA
307
#73
May 2011
Canada
#51
Sep
2007
Spain
288
#75
Sep
[SE Asia]
#53
Jan
2008
Finland
303
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IEEE 802.16 Evolution
IEEE Std 802.162001
(fixed access)
+ 802.16a
OFDM/OFDMA
2003
IEEE Std 802.162004
+ 802.16j
Multihop Relay
2009
IEEE Std 802.162009
+ 802.16e
Mobility
2005
+ 802.16h
License-Exempt
2010
+ 802.16m
“IMT-Advanced”
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IEEE 802.16 and the WiMAX Forum
• IEEE 802.16 Working Group
– Open standards for broadband wireless
access
• WiMAX Forum
– Industry association
– Certification of open standards
• Certifying conformance to IEEE 802.16
• Cooperative coordination in many areas
– Including ITU
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WiMAX Forum and IEEE 802.16
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WiMAX to Cover 1 Billion People
by End of 2011
Region
POPs Covered
Africa
87,347,832
Asia-Pacific
322,666,970
CALA
117,846,830
Eastern Europe
102,503,669
Middle East
North America
Western Europe
Total
621 Million at EOY 2009
823 Million at EOY 2010
33,509,544
127,000,000
32,526,407
823,401,252
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Internationalization of IEEE 802.16
• International Telecommunication Union (ITU)
– organized under United Nations
– membership by national governments
• Radiocommunication Sector (ITU-R)
– private organizations hold memberships
• Including WiMAX Forum, IEEE, companies
• 802.16 WG seeks “Internationalization”
– though it is, in many ways, “international” to begin
with
– strategy since the beginning in 1999
– ITU-R Liaison Group
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IEEE 802.16, WiMAX Forum, and ITU
• IEEE: Member of ITU-R
– “Regional and other International
Organizations”
• Relevant ITU-R Engagement:
– fixed wireless access
• Rec. F.1763: IEEE 802.16 in the fixed service
– land mobile radio:
• Rec. M.1801 IEEE 802.16 in mobile service
– IMT-2000
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IMT-2000: “International Mobile
Telecommunications”
• Under ITU-R Study Group 5/Working Party 5D
– known as Working Party 8F before 2008
• the international cellular standard since ~1998
– significant impact on spectrum allocations
• Since 1998, 5 evolving terrestrial air interfaces
– inc. 3GPP (W-CDMA) & 3GPP2 (cdma2000)
• M.1457-7 (Oct 2007) adds “OFDMA TDD
WMAN”
– Based on IEEE Std 802.16 (including 802.16e)
– Implementation profile developed by WiMAX Forum
• M.1457-9 (2009) added FDD as well
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IMT-Advanced
• To develop “Beyond IMT-2000” recommendation
• “to be developed around the year 2010, capable
of supporting high data rates with high mobility,
which could be widely deployed around the year
2015 in some countries.”
• ITU-R Working Party 5D developed background
materials
– Announced in July 2008
• IEEE contributed to defining the process and
requirements
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“IMT” Spectrum
• IMT-2000 Identifications
– 800/900 MHz bands
– 1700/2100 MHz bands
– 2500-2690 MHz
• World Radiocommunication Conference 2007
– Identified additional spectrum
•
•
•
•
450-470 MHz globally
2300-2400 MHz globally
790-862 MHz in much of world
3400-3600 MHz in much of world
– changed spectrum identification to “IMT”
– includes “IMT-2000” and “IMT-Advanced”
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IEEE 802.16m Project
• amendment project, initiated December 2006
• Scope:
– amend the IEEE 802.16 WirelessMAN-OFDMA
specification to provide an advanced air interface for
operation in licensed bands
– meet the cellular layer requirements of IMT-Advanced
next generation mobile networks
– continuing support for legacy WirelessMAN-OFDMA
equipment (i.e., backward compatibility)
– Provide performance improvements to support future
advanced services and applications
• “WirelessMAN-Advanced” air interface
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Participation in IEEE 802.16m
• Since 802.16m project began, 802.16 WG
participation includes:
– Over 1200 professionals
– From about 240 organizations
– From 23 countries
• Contributed documents to 802.16m Task Group
–
–
–
–
2007: >300 documents
2008: >1500 documents
2009: > 2700 documents
2010: > 1400 documents
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IEEE 802.16m – Key Features
• New Subframe-based
Frame Structure
• New Subchannelization
Schemes and More
Efficient Pilot Structures
• New and Improved
Control Channel
Structures
• Extended and Improved
MIMO Modes
• Increased VoIP Capacity
• Multi-Hop Relay
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Femto BS
Self-organization
Multi-carrier Operation
Interference Mitigation
Multi-BS MIMO
Improved Intra-RAT and
Inter-RAT Handover
• Multi-Radio Coexistence
• Location Based Services
• Enhanced Multicast and
Broadcast Service
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WirelessMAN-Advanced Proposal for
IMT-Advanced
• IEEE submitted detailed proposal on
WirelessMAN-Advanced air interface in Oct
2009
• Two other entities submitted proposals of the
same technology:
– Administration of Japan
– TTA (Korean SDO)
• All 3 included self-evaluation demonstrating that
all IMT-Advanced requirements are met
• Nine worldwide experts groups conducted
extensive technical studies that support results EEE
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IMT-Advanced Requirements
• IEEE proposed a single RIT (inclusive of TDD
and FDD) to meet or exceed all IMT-Advanced
requirements in all test environments
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Performance: Cell Spectral Efficiency
DL cell spectral efficiency in bit/s/Hz/cell for TDD
DL cell spectral efficiency in bit/s/Hz/cell for FDD
UL cell spectral efficiency in bit/s/Hz/cell for TDD
UL cell spectral efficiency in bit/s/Hz/cell for FDD
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Performance: VoIP Capacity
VoIP capacity (users/sector/MHz) for TDD
VoIP capacity (users/sector/MHz) for FDD
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Mobility Requirements
Table 7-15: Mobility requirement data for TDD
Test environment
InH (10 km/h)
UMi (30 km/h)
UMa (120 km/h)
RMa (350 km/h)
Achieved spectral
Achieved spectral
Median SINR
efficiency (in bit/s/Hz) efficiency (in bit/s/Hz)
(in dB)
NLoS
LOS
16.6
3.76
3.41
5.0
1.81
1.50
4.3
1.72
1.30
5.6
1.70
1.23
ITU-R Required spectral
efficiency (in bit/s/Hz)
1.0
0.75
0.55
0.25
Table 7-16: Mobility requirement data for FDD
Achieved spectral
Achieved spectral
ITU-R Required
Median SINR
Test environment
efficiency (in bit/s/Hz)efficiency (in bit/s/Hz) spectral efficiency (in
(in dB)
LOS
NLoS
bit/s/Hz)
InH (10 km/h) 16.6
3.86
3.56
1.0
UMi (30 km/h) 5.0
1.72
1.51
0.75
UMa (120 km/h) 4.3
1.63
1.34
0.55
RMa (350 km/h) 5.6
1.61
1.27
0.25
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Peak Spectral Efficiency
Peak Spectral Efficiency (bit/s/Hz)
FDD
TDD
RIT
Required
DL
17.79
15
UL
9.40
6.75
DL
16.96
15
UL
9.22
6.75
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WirelessMAN-Advanced Accepted as
IMT-Advanced
• ITU-R’s Working Party 5D, in its meeting of 13-20
October 2010, approved the “WirelessMAN-Advanced”
technology of IEEE 802.16m as an IMT-Advanced
technology.
– “met all of the criteria established by ITU-R for the first release of
IMT-Advanced” and was “accorded the official designation of
IMT-Advanced.”
• WP 5D accepted an offer from three parties (IEEE,
ARIB, TTA) to have IEEE complete and submit the full
detailed specification of the technology at the following
WP 5D meeting in April 2011.
• WiMAX Forum’s Release 2 will take advantage of the
WirelessMAN-Advanced air interface.
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WirelessMAN-Advanced Transpositions
• In the IMT-Advanced standard:
– The WirelessMAN-Advanced air interface will be specified via
IEEE Std 802.16 and the 802.16m amendment.
• Three SDOs authorized to develop “transpositions” of
WirelessMAN-Advanced standard
• ARIB (Japan), TTA (Korea), WiMAX Forum
• Adoptions of IEEE standards.
• Will be incorporated by reference into IMT-Advanced.
• IEEE 802.16 convening meeting of the “WirelessMANAdvanced Transposing Organizations” (WATO) starting
15 March 2011.
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IEEE 802.16m Schedule
• Developed through refinement of multiple drafts
• Draft 12 currently under review in ballot
– Final comment resolution
• Submitted Draft 12 for IEEE-SA approval
• Anticipating approval by IEEE-SA on 31 March
2011
• ITU-R Working Party 5D meeting starting 6 April
2011
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IMT-Advanced Schedule
• 2010-10: approved two technologies for IMTAdvanced
• 2011-04: Review of detailed specifications of two
technologies
• 2011-09: Transpositions due
• 2011-10: Final WP 5D agreement on IMTAdvanced standard
• 2011-11: Final Study Group 5 agreement
• 2012-02: ITU-R approval at
Radiocommunication Assembly
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Is IMT-Advanced = 4G?
• No.
• ITU-R acts through a formal process.
• The development of IMT-Advanced was
authorized by resolutions of the
Radiocommunication Assembly
• Resolutions ITU-R 56 and 57 (2007) specified
the use of the unique name “IMT-Advanced” for
systems beyond IMT-2000.
– The term “4G” is not used.
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ITU Announcements on 4G
• On 21 Oct 2010, ITU announced that
WirelessMAN-Advanced and LTE-Advanced
were “accorded the official designation of IMTAdvanced,” suggesting also that “IMTAdvanced” is the “true 4G.”
• On 6 Dec 2010, ITU revised its position on 4G:
– 4G is “undefined”.
– “IMT-Advanced is considered as ‘4G’”.
– “4G may also be applied to” forerunner technologies,
such as WiMAX
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IEEE Project 802.16n: GRIDMAN
• GRIDMAN: “Greater Reliability In Disrupted Metropolitan
Area Networks”
• IEEE Project 802.16n (Amendment: Higher Reliability
Networks) authorized 2010-06-17
• increased robustness and alternate radio path
establishment in degraded network conditions
• direct communication between subscriber stations
• mobile base stations and mobile relay stations
• licensed, unlicensed and lightly licensed spectrum bands
below 6 GHz
• System Requirements Document completed Jan 2011
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IEEE Project 802.16p: M2M
• IEEE Project 802.16p (Amendment:
Enhancements to Support Machine-to-Machine
Applications) authorized 2010-09-30
• lower power consumption at the device
• significantly larger numbers of devices
• efficient support for small burst transmissions
• improved device authentication
• System Requirements Document updated Jan
2011
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Tutorial
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Title: IEEE 802.16 in IMT-Advanced
Date: 14 March 2011
Time: 21:00-22:30
Location: Marina Bay Sands, Singapore
Registration fee: None
• http://ieee802.org/Tutorials.shtml
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Resources
• IEEE 802.16 web site
– http://WirelessMAN.org
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