Sophomore Biology Curriculum Map
2012-13
Month/SLEs
Content/Skills
Essential Questions
Assessments & Lab Activities
Resources & Literacy
Outline for Lab Reports
Literacy Items (found in
Biology Literacy Notebook):
August
Nature of Science
Nature of Science
Standard 10: Students shall
demonstrate an
understanding that science
is a way of knowing.
Explain why science is
limited to natural
explanations of how the
world works
NS.10. B.1
Explain why science is limited
to natural explanations of how
the world works
NS.10. B.2
Compare and contrast
hypotheses, theories, and
laws
NS.10. B.3
Distinguish between a
scientific theory and the
term “theory” used in general
conversation
NS.10. B.4
Summarize the guidelines of
science:
A. Explanations are based on
Nature of Science
The major content themes of
biology
Ø Matter and Energy
Ø Cells
Ø Interdependence
Ø Reproduction and Inheritance
Ø Evolution
Ø Homeostasis and Stability
What science is and is not
Ø Deals only with natural world
Ø Explanations can be tested
Ø Explanations are used to
make predictions
Ø Is revised to account for new
evidence
Ø Also refers to a body of
knowledge that has
accumulated after repeated
attempts to verify/refute
Process of science
Ø Starts with observation
Ø Form inferences
Ø Develop hypotheses
Ø Test hypotheses
Ø Form Theories
Hypotheses vs. theories vs.
laws
Nature of Science
Essential Question:
How can you use the same
skills and strategies as a
scientist to learn about
your world?
Rubric for Lab Reports
Rules for Laboratory Drawings
Lab Safety Contract
“Owls use dung to “Fish” for
Beetles”
“Distinguishing Science and
Pseudoscience”
Guiding Questions
Lab Safety Test
1. What is the importance of
the major themes of
biology?
Solutions and Dilutions
“Scientific Laws,
Hypotheses, and Theories”
Experimental Design
Presentation Rubrics
“Designing an Experiment”
2. What is the role of
experimental design in
biology?
3.
What systematic
procedures are
necessary to investigate
biological problems?
4.
What are important
tools used in the study
of biology?
5.
What are useful data
types and how are they
analyzed?
6.
What important
mathematical
manipulations should be
performed on
qualitative data?
7.
Why is the scientific
Scientific Method Lab Vitruvian
Man
Printable Metric Meter Stick
Printable Tape Measure
Careers in Life Science Term
Paper and Presentation
Equipment Survey
Problem Solving Lab
Liquid Volume Lab OR Volume
Lab
Mystery Canisters OR Length
Lab
“Experimental
Design/Presentation Rubric”
“ Experimental Design
Reference”
“Natural plant defensesfight or flight?”
“Suicide grasshoppers Brainwashed by Parasite
Worms”
“Toads that Go Pop in the
night”
“Weapons of Mouse
Destruction?”
“A Weed, a Fly, a Mouse
1
observations, evidence, and
testing
B. Hypotheses must be
testable
C. Understandings and/or
conclusions may change with
additional empirical data
D. Scientific knowledge must
have peer review and
verification before
acceptance
Standard 11: Students shall
design and safely conduct
scientific inquiry
NS.11. B.1
Develop and explain the
appropriate procedure,
controls, and variables
(dependent and independent)
in scientific experimentation
NS.11. B.2
Research and apply
appropriate safety
precautions (refer to ADE
Guidelines) when designing
and/or conducting scientific
investigations
NS.11. B.3
Identify sources of bias that
could affect experimental
outcome
NS.11. B.4
Gather and analyze data using
appropriate summary
Ø What if statements
Ø Researched,
hypothesized and
tested
Ø Statements of
occurrences in
natural world
Ø Peer collaboration
Ø Peer verification
Designing an Experiment
Ø Stating the problem
Ø Forming hypotheses
Ø Setting up controlled experiment
Ø Recording and analyzing results
Ø Drawing conclusions
Ø Science Fair Proposals
Graphing
Ø How raw data must be
organized to reveal patterns
Ø How to take data and create
charts
Ø Using charts to create
graphs
Ø Interpret results by what is
seen and not what it is
thought to be
method a logical process
for observing the
natural world
8.
What is the
difference between a
hypothesis and a
theory?
9.
Why it is important to
acknowledge that
science is a human
endeavor, not separate
from society but a part
of society?
10. In what ways do
scientists make
accommodations for
differences in racial,
social, and ethnic
backgrounds among
scientists?
and a Chain of Unintended
Consequences"
“Device Uses Sewage
Bacteria to Produce
Electricity”
“Locusts Inspire Technology
That May Prevent Car
Crashes”
11. What are some of the
various roles that science
plays in society, especially in
the workforce?
Analyzing data includes
Ø Understanding slope
and rates of change
Ø Extrapolating
information from
graphs
Ø Recognizing patterns
in data plots
Ø The role of
2
statistics
dependent and
independent
variables
NS.11. B.5
Formulate valid conclusions
without bias
NS.11. B.6
Communicate experimental
results using appropriate
reports, figures, and tables
Standard 12: Students shall
demonstrate an
understanding of current life
science theories.
NS.12.B.1
Recognize that theories are
scientific explanations that
require empirical data,
verification, and peer review
NS.12.B.2
Understand that scientific
theories may be modified or
expanded based on additional
empirical data, verification,
and peer review
Standard 13: Students shall
use mathematics, science
equipment, and technology
as tools to communicate and
solve life science problems
NS.13.B.1.
Collect and analyze scientific
data using appropriate
mathematical calculations,
A theory is more than a
guess
Ø
Ø
Ø
Ø
Ø
It involves research
Tested hypothesis
Peer review
Must be repeatable
May combine several
ideas
Ø Ex. Plate Tectonic
Theory and how it
developed
The tools of science are
Ø Mathematics
Ø The metric system
Ø Various lab equipment
Ø Data collecting equipment
Ø Rulers
Ø Calculators
Ø Computers
The role of science in society
Ø Science leads to changes in
technology
Ø the goal of science is to
improve human condition
Ø Life has value and should be
respected even during
research
Ø Pure science is research that
leads to the research being
applied or used for the good
of humankind
Careers in science
3
figures, and tables
NS.13.B.2
Use appropriate equipment
and technology as tools for
solving problems (e.g.,
microscopes, centrifuges,
flexible arm cameras,
computer software and
hardware)
Ø What are some of the various
life science careers?
Ø What kind of training does it
take to be a life scientist?
Ø What are the working
conditions and compensation
for being a life scientist?
NS.13.B.3
Utilize technology to
communicate research
findings
Standard 14: Students shall
describe the connections
between pure and applied
science.
NS.14.B.1
Compare and contrast
biological concepts in pure
science and applied science
NS.14.B.2
Discuss why scientists should
work within ethical
parameters
Standard 15: Students shall
describe various life science
careers and the training
required for the selected
career
NS.15.B.1
Research and evaluate science
4
careers using the following
criteria:
 educational
requirements
 salary
 availability of jobs
 working conditions
Unit Test Nature of Science
Month/SLEs
Content/Skills
Essential Questions
Assessments & Lab Activities
Resources & Literacy
Ecology Essential Question
How are all living things
connected to one another
and to the universe?
Biomes Brochure
HOLT INTERACTIVE
"Ecosystem Dynamics"
Guiding Questions
Population Ecology Lab
(Goldfish)
OR
Random Sampling Lab
SEPTEMBER
(Ecology & Biochemistry)
Ecological and
Biological
Relationships
Standard 8: Students
shall demonstrate an
understanding of
ecological and behavioral
relationships among
organisms.
EBR.8. B.1
Cite examples of abiotic and
biotic factors of ecosystems.
EBR.8. B.2
Compare and contrast the
characteristics of biomes.
EBR.8. B.3
Diagram the carbon, nitrogen,
phosphate, and water cycles
in an ecosystem.
Ecology
Levels of Organization
Ø biosphere Biome Ecosystem
Community Population
Organism Species
Energy flow
Ø Autotroph vs. Heterotroph
Ø Producers: photosynthesis
and chemosynthesis
Ø Consumers: herbivore,
carnivore, detritivore,
omnivore, decomposer
Ø Feeding relationships: food
chain vs. food web
Ø Energy conversion and
transfer by trophic levels
Biosphere recycling
Ø Water cycle
Ø Nutrient cycles: Carbon,
Nitrogen, Phosphorous
Ecosystem productivity and biomass
1.
2.
3.
4.
5.
How are the biotic
factors of an ecosystem
different from the
abiotic factors?
What are the biotic
and abiotic factors
present in a temperate
deciduous forest?
What is the general
climate in each of the 7
major biomes?
What role does the
climate play in
determining the types
of organisms that can
live in specific biomes?
How does carbon enter
Ecology Labs:
Food Web Construction and
Manipulation Lab
Biomes Brochures (Science-net)
Graphing Growth Rate lab
Loss of Vegetation Lab (trophic
interaction)
“What’s the big Deal About
dirt?" lab activities
Literacy Materials (Ecology):
“Soil Fertility in Agricultural
Systems”
“ A Diverse Ecosystem
Offers Little or No
Protection Against Invading
Species”
“Earth’s Uncanned Crusaders:
Will Sardines Save Our
Skin?”
“A melting Glacier in Tibet
serves as an Example and a
Warning”
“Overfishing is Emptying
World’s Rivers, Lakes,
Experts Warn”
5
EBR.8. B.4
Analyze an ecosystem’s
energy flow through food
chains, food webs, and energy
pyramids.
EBR. 8. B.5
Identify and predict the
factors that control
population, including
predation, competition,
crowding, water, nutrients,
and shelter.
EBR.8 B.6
Summarize the symbiotic
ways in which individuals
within a community interact
with each other:
commensalisms, parasitism
and mutualism
EBR.8. B.7
Compare and contrast primary
succession with secondary
succession.
EBR.8. B.8
Identify the properties of
each of the five levels of
ecology: organism, population
,community ,ecosystem and
biosphere
MC 2.B.6
Compare and contrast the
functions of autotrophs and
heterotrophs
Standard 9: Students shall
demonstrate an
understanding of ecological
impact of global issues.
Factors shaping ecosystems:
Ø Climate zones and
Greenhouse phenomenon
Ø Biotic and Abiotic factors
Ø Niche concept
Ø Community interactions:
competition, predation,
symbiotic interactions
(commensalisms, mutualism,
parasitism)
Succession
Ø Primary succession and
pioneer species
Ø Secondary succession
Biomes
Ø Identify defining
characteristics of each
Ø Terrestrial biomes: tropical
rain and dry forests,
savanna, desert, grassland,
temperate woodland and
shrubland, temperate
forests, coniferous forests,
boreal (taiga) forests,
tundra
Ø Aquatic ecosystems:
Ø Freshwater – flowing,
standing,
Ø Wetland
Ø Estuary
Ø Marine – photic vs. aphotic
Ø Zones, intertidal, coastal,
coral
Ø Reef, open ocean, benthic
zone
6.
7.
8.
9.
10.
11.
12.
13.
14.
15.
the living part of the
carbon cycle?
How does carbon reenter the environment
from living things?
How does nitrogen
cycle from the
environment into living
things?
How does water enter
and exit the biotic part
of the water cycle?
How does energy cycle
through an ecosystem?
What are some specific
factors that limit
growth of animal
populations?
What are three types of
symbiotic relationships
between organisms?
Give an example of each
type or relationship.
How does primary
succession differ from
secondary succession?
How do humans impact
the carbon cycle and
what are the global
consequences?
What factors should be
taken into consideration
when deciding the
location for a new
landfill?
What human activities
have impacted the
ozone layer?
“Global Warming is Spurring
Evolution, Study Says”
“Is Global Warming Harmful
to Health?”
6
EBR.9. B.1
Analyze the effects of human
population growth and
technology on the
Environment/biosphere.
EBR.9. B.2
Evaluate long range plans
concerning resource use and
by-product disposal in terms
of their environmental,
economic, and political impact.
EBR.9. B.3
Assess current world issues
applying scientific themes
(e.g., global changes in
climate, epidemics, pandemics,
ozone depletion, UV radiation,
natural resources, use of
technology, and public policy).
Month/SLEs
Population growth
Ø Factors affecting and limiting
growth
Ø Density-dependent and
density independent factors
Ø Carrying capacity vs.
exponential growth
Ø Describe human population
growth, analyze age
structures, describe how
humans growth has affected
other species
16. Why is sustainable use
of natural resources
important?
Human impact on the environment:
Ø Biodiversity threat
Ø 6th mass extinction
Ø pollution, acid rain, ozone
depletion, and greenhouse
affect
Ø global warming
Ø exotic (introduced) species
Ø conservation efforts and how
individuals can affect
change
Content/Skills
UNIT TEST OVER ECOLOGY
Essential Questions
Assessments & Lab Activities
Resources & Literacy
SEPTEMBER - BIOCHEMISTRY
Biochemistry
Standard 1: Students shall
demonstrate an
understanding of the role of
chemistry in life processes.
MC.1.B.1
Biochemistry
Review basic chemistry concepts:
Ø atomic structure
Ø bonding
Ø covalent, ionic, hydrogen
Ø elements and isotopes
Biochemistry Essential
Question
How do molecules
sustain living things?
1.
Guiding Questions
What are the major
groups of organic
Biochemistry Labs:
Measuring pH Lab
Modeling the Chemistry of
Carbohydrates
Literacy Articles over
Biochemistry:
“Enzyme may aid people with
Alzheimer's Disease”
Testing for Organic Compounds
7
Describe the structure and
function of the major organic
molecules found in living
systems:
Carbohydrates
Proteins
Lipids
Nucleic Acids
MC.1.B.2
Investigate the properties
and importance of water and
its significance for life:
· surface tension
· adhesion
· cohesion
· polarity
· pH
MC. 1.B.3
Describe the relationship
between an enzyme and its
substrate molecule(s)
MC. 1.B.4
Explain the role of energy in
chemical reactions of living
systems:
 activation energy
 exergonic reactions
 endergonic reactions
Carbon
Ø chemistry of carbon
Ø macromolecules of life –
identify and describe
structure (monomers) and
examples of polymers
Ø lipids, carbohydrates,
proteins,
Ø nucleic acids
Chemistry of water:
Ø polarity
Ø hydrogen bonding
Ø water properties
Ø solutions and suspensions
Ø pH – acids and bases and
buffers
Enzymes
Ø reactions and activation
energy
Ø enzymes as catalysts
Ø 3-D structure of enzymes
Ø examples of enzymes
Ø how enzymes work
Ø regulation of enzymes
2.
3.
4.
compounds and how do
they function in living
things?
What is an enzyme
and how does it
function in cells?
Why is water
essential to life?
What are the
distinguishing chemical
and physical properties
of water?
Properties of Water Lab
Chemistry of Amino Acids and
Proteins (models)
“Tiny Invader”
“Lactic acid is not muscles'
foe, it's fuel”
Pineapple Enzyme Lab
Lactase Enzyme Lab
UNIT TEST over BIOCHEMISTRY
Month/SLEs
Content/Skills
Essential Questions
Assessments & Lab Activities
Resources & Literacy
OCTOBER
(Cell Structure and Function)
Cell Structure and Function
Nature of Science
Standard 12
Students shall demonstrate
Cell Structure and Function
Cell structure and function
Ø History: Hooke, van
Cells Essential question
What are the activities
cells carry out that are
necessary to sustain life?
Cell Analogy
Plasma Membrane Drawings
HOLT INTERACTIVE "Cell
Transport and Homeostasis"
8
an understanding of current
life science theories.
NS.12.B.4.
Relate the development of
the cell theory to current
trends in cellular biology.
Molecules and Cells
Standard 2: Students shall
demonstrate an understanding
of the structure and function
of cells.
MC 2.B.1
Construct a hierarchy of life
from cells to ecosystems.
MC 2.B.2
Compare and contrast
prokaryotes and eukaryotes.
MC 2. B.3
Describe the role of subcellular structures
(organelles, ribosomes, &
cytoskeleton) in the life of a
cell.
MC.2.B.5
Compare and contrast the
structures of an animal cell to
a plant cell.
MC 2.B.4
Relate the function of the
plasma (cell) membrane to its
structure.
Leeuwenhoek
Ø History: cell theory
(Schleiden, Schwann,
Virchow)
Ø Symbiotic theory: Margulis
1.
Ø Levels of Organization
Atoms -> Molecules->Cells->
Tissue->Organ->Organ
System->Organism>Species->Population->
Community->Ecosystem>Biome->Biosphere
2.
Ø Eukaryotes vs. Prokaryotes
o Be able to compare
and contrast
5.
Eukaryotic cell structure
o Organelles
o Cytoplasm
o Nucleus
o Compare plant vs animal cell
o Levels of organization
Microscope use:
Ø Identify parts of a microscope
Ø Make specimen slides
Ø Identify parts of cell
Cell membrane structure and
function
Ø Lipid bilayer
Ø Cell wall
Ø Diffusion through
Ø Osmosis
Ø Active transport
3.
4.
6.
7.
8.
Guiding Questions
The invention of what
important tools led to
the formation of the
cell theory?
What is the cell
theory? What evidence
supports the cell
theory?
What are prokaryotic
cells?
What are eukaryotic
cells?
How do prokaryotic
and eukaryotic cells
compare?
What organelles are
found in eukaryotic
cells?
What is the function
of each organelle?
What is the
difference between
animal and plant cells?
Use of Microscope &
Techniques For Better Use
Cells-Basic Unit of Life
Literacy Materials over Cells:
“How Human Cells Get Their
Marching Orders”
Osmosis/Diffusion from AP lab
book
“ Stressed to Death”
Plasmolysis with Elodea
“Stem Cell Surprise”
“ Cells that Read Minds”
Plasma Membrane Essential
Question:
How does the Plasma
membrane function as the
gateway of a cell?
1.
How do the
responsibilities of cells
in multi cellular
organisms compare to
the cells that comprise
9
MC. 2.B.11
Discuss homeostasis using
thermoregulation as an
example.
Ø Homeostasis
2.
3.
MC.2. B. 7
Compare and contrast active
transport and passive
transport mechanisms:
 Diffusion
 Osmosis
 Endocytosis
 Exocytosis
 Phagocytosis
 Pinocytosis
Month/SLEs
4.
5.
Content/Skills
single-celled organisms?
What is the
composition of the cell
(plasma) membrane?
What are the
processes that allow
materials to enter and
exit the cell?
What is homeostasis?
How do cells maintain
homeostasis?
TEST Over CELL STRUCTURE and FUNCTION
Essential Questions
Assessments & Lab Activities
Resources & Literacy
NOVEMBER
(Metabolism & Cell Division)
Cell Metabolism & The Cell
Cycle
Standard 3: Students shall
demonstrate an understanding
of how cells obtain and use
energy. (Energetics)
MC.3.B.1
Compare and contrast the
structure and function of
mitochondria and chloroplasts.
MC.3 B.4
Describe and model the
conversion of light energy to
chemical energy by
photosynthetic organisms
(light dependent &
Cell Metabolism & The Cell Cycle
Photosynthesis
Ø Explain where plants get
energy to produce food
Ø Describe the role of ATP in
cellular activities
Photosynthesis overview:
Ø Experiments of van Helmont,
Priestley, Ingenhousz
Ø Photosynthesis equation
Ø Describe role of light and
chlorophyll
Photosynthesis reactions
Ø Describe structure and
function of chloroplast
Ø Light-dependent reactions –
describe what happens
Metabolism Essential
Question
Why do living things make
or eat food?
1.
2.
Guiding Questions
How is the sun the
ultimate source of
energy for all living
things?
How do organisms
produce and use energy?
3.
What is cellular fuel?
4.
What are the
reactants and products
of respiration?
Cellular Energetics Open
Response Items:
“How do certain living things use
sunlight to make food and why
are they eaten?”
Compare and Contrast
Respiration vs. Photosynthesis.
Be sure to include the cell
structures involved in each and
how energy flows from the sun
through living things.
Compare/Contrast Mitosis &
Meiosis
Write a short essay comparing
the two cell division processes --mitosis and meiosis. Be sure to
HOLT INTERACTIVE"
Cellular Respiration"
HOLT INTERACTIVE
"Photosynthesis"
HOLT INTERACTIVE "Cell
Reproduction"
Literacy Materials for Cellular
Metabolism:
“Lactic Acid Is Not Muscles’
Foe, It’s Fuel”
“Breakthroughs/Immunology”
10
independent reactions).
MC.3.B.5
Compare and contrast
cellular respiration and
photosynthesis as energy
conversion pathways.
MC.3.B.2
Describe and model the
conversion of stored energy
(glycolysis, citric acid cycle,
electron transport chain) in
organic molecules into usable
cellular energy (ATP).
Standard 2: Students shall
demonstrate an
understanding of the
structure and function of
cells.
MC.3.B.3
Compare and contrast
aerobic and anaerobic
respiration (lactic acid and
alcoholic fermentation).
MC.3.B.4 Describe and model
the conversion of light energy
to chemical energy by
photosynthetic organisms:
 light dependent
reactions
 light independent
reactions
The Cell Cycle
MC.2.B.8
Describe the main events in
the cell cycle (mitosis,
Ø Light-independent reactions –
describe Calvin cycle
Ø Identify factors that affect
the rate of photosynthesis
5.
Cellular respiration
Ø Chemical pathways
o Explain what cellular
respiration is
o Describe what
happens during
glycolysis and
products produced
o Name and describe
two main types of
fermentation
Ø Krebs cycle and Electron
transport
o Describe what
happens during
Krebs cycle and
products produced
o Explain how highenergy electrons
are used in
transport chain
o Identify pathways
the body uses to
release energy
during exercise
6.
Compare photosynthesis and cellular
respiration
4.
Cell cycle and Growth/Division
Ø Describe and identify typical
stages in cell’s life cycle
Ø Somatic cell reproduction
What is the
difference between
aerobic and anaerobic
respiration?
include all steps in both
processes, the type of cells that
use each process, starting and
ending chromosome numbers, etc.
What is the role of
ATP in photosynthesis
and respiration?
Respiration & Photosynthesis
Labs:
Mitosis & Meiosis Essential
Question:
Chromatography/
Photosynthesis lab from AP
book
How do cells grow, divide,
and make new cells?
Respiration of Germinating
Seeds Lab
Guiding Questions
Mitosis & Meiosis Labs:
1.
2.
3.
What are mitosis and
meiosis and which cells
perform each process?
How does the
chromosome number in
parent cell and daughter
cells differ with
regards to mitosis and
meiosis?
What is the
difference in the way
plant and animals
undergo cell division?
How does crossing
over act as the genetic
mechanism for
diversity?
“Modified Mice Stay Superfit”
“Cancer In the Genes”
“Grow in The Dark”
“Source of Half Earth’s
Oxygen Gets Little Credit”
Cell Reproduction/ Mitosis FlipBook
11
interphase, & cytokinesis),
including the differences in
plant and animal cell division.
MC.2.B.9
List in order and describe
the stages of mitosis
(prophase, metaphase,
anaphase, & telophase).
MC.2.B.10
Analyze the meiotic
maintenance of a constant
chromosome number from one
generation to the next.
Ø
Ø
Ø
Ø
o Mitotic stages,
identify and
describe
Gamete production
o Meiosis, identify and
describe stages
o Spermatogenesis vs.
Oogenesis
Compare mitosis and meiosis
Regulation of cell cycle
How do cancer cells differ
from other cells
TEST over METABOLISM & CELL DIVISION
Month/SLEs
Content/Skills
Essential Questions
Assessments & Lab Activities
Resources & Literacy
DECEMBER
(Heredity & Evolution)
Heredity and Evolution
Standard 4: Students shall
demonstrate an understanding
of heredity.
HE.4.B.1
Summarize the outcomes of
Gregor Mendel’s experimental
procedures.
HE.4.B.2
Differentiate among the laws
Genetics
The work of Gregor Mendel
Why do living things not look
the same?
Ø Describe Mendel’s work
and summarize his
dominance
Ø Law of segregation and
independent assortment
Guiding Questions:
1.
independent assortment).
HE.4.B.3
2.
Use the laws of probability
Ø Describe what probability
is
What are genotype and
phenotype?
3.
Probability
What are Mendel’s laws
of heredity?
and principles of inheritance
(dominance, segregation,
Genetics Labs:
Make a Karyotype Lab
Cytogenetic Lab -
conclusions
Ø Explain principle of
HOLT INTERACTIVE
Genetics Essential Question
How do the terms
Karyotyping
Baby Face Lab
“Heredity”
Literacy Materials for
Genetics:
“ Gene Study Identifies 5
Main Human Populations,
Linking Them to Geography”
Dragon Genetics Virtual Lab
Virtual Lab Worksheet
“Still Evolving , Human Genes
Tell New Story”
Dragon Genetics Lab
heterozygous,
homozygous, dominant and
recessive relate to
“Without Gene, timid Mice
Turn into Daredevils”
12
and Punnett squares to
predict genotypic and
phenotypic ratios.
HE.4.B.4Examine different
modes of inheritance





sex linkage
codominance
crossing over
incomplete dominance
multiple alleles
Ø Explain how probability is
Mendelian genetics
used in genetics
4.
Ø Construct and read Punnett
Squares
“Study Offers New Insight
What are the potential
Into Why Learning Disorders
effects of genetic
Are Genetic”
recombination and
mutation on organisms?
Patterns of inheritance
“Early Risers have Mutated
Ø Simple dominance
Gene, Study Says”
Ø Co-dominance
Ø Incomplete dominance
HE.4.B.5
“A Gene for Romance? So It
seems( Ask the Vole)
Ø X-linked
Analyze the historically
significant work of prominent
geneticists.
Ø Pedigree and karyotypes
o Mutations/diseases
HE.4.B.6
Evaluate karyotypes for
abnormalities such as
monosomy & trisomy.
UNIT TEST over HEREDITY and EVOLUTION
Month/SLEs
Content/Skills
Essential Questions
Assessments & Lab Activities
Resources & Literacy
JANUARY
(Molecular Basis of Heredity)
Standard 5: Students shall
investigate the molecular basis
of genetics.
HE.5.B.1
Molecular biology
Ø History of DNA –
How does DNA function as
HOLT INTERACTIVE "Gene
the basic set of instructions
Expression"
for all living things?
Molecular Biology Labs:
Griffith, Avery,
13
Model the components of a
Pauling, Franklin,
DNA nucleotide and an RNA
Watson/Crick
nucleotide.
HE.5.B.2
Describe the Watson-Crick
double helix model of DNA,
using the base-pairing rule
(adenine-thymine, cytosineguanine).
HE.5.B.3
Compare and contrast the
structure and function of DNA
and RNA.
HE.5.B.4
Describe and model the
processes of replication,
transcription, and translation.
HE.5.B.5
Guiding Questions
1.
Ø Summarize relationship
be characterized?
2.
Ø Describe structure of
How are the structures of
different? How do DNA
and RNA molecules
Ø Summarize events of
replicate themselves?
DNA replication
the source of heredity in
living things?
3.
What types of
methodology were used to
conclude that DNA is the
o Describe types
genetic material?
of RNA
4.
How can the structure of
Compare and contrast the
protein
DNA be described? Who
different types of mutation
synthesis
are notable contributors to
events, including point mutation,
frameshift mutation, deletion,
and inversion.
HE.5.B.6
Identify effects of changes
brought about by mutations
(beneficial, harmful, & neutral).
Molecules and Cells
our knowledge of DNA?
§ Transcription
and
Literacy Materials for
Evolution:
Who ate the Cheese
- Cheese Electrophoresis Lab
-Cheese Electrophoresis
Template
-Base Pairs of Cheese Crime
Scene
"Global warming is spurring
evolution, study says"
"Still evolving, human genes
tell new story"
-DNA for Who ate the
Cheese
"New study supports idea that
primates, dinosaurs coexisted"
and RNA in the
construction of proteins?
5.
"Twenty species we may lose
in the next twenty years"
What is involved in the
processes of transcription
chromosomal
and translation?
mutations
Ø Gene regulation
nucleic Acids”
Synthesis Lab
What are the roles of DNA
§ Translation
o Contrast gene
“Molecular Structure of
DNA models with protein
the quest for discovering
synthesis
o Stages in
DNA models
What was the nature of
Ø RNA and protein
and RNA
Molecular Biology:
DNA and RNA similar and
DNA
o Compare DNA
Strawberry DNA Extraction
function of DNA and RNA
between genes and
DNA
How can the structure and
Literacy Materials for
6.
What are some of the new
Evolution Labs:
"Hobbit-like human ancestor
found in Asia"
DNA techniques molecular
14
Standard 1
MC.1.B.1
Describe the structure and
function of nucleic acids found
in living systems.
Nature of Science
Ø Genetic engineering
Relate the chromosome theory
of heredity to recent findings
in genetic research (e.g., Human
Genome Project-HGP,
chromosome therapy).
study, and modify genetic
Ø Review what a theory is
7.
What is the Human
rooted in evolution"
"Fins to limbs: New fossil
Gene frequency (Beans)
gives evolution insight"
Genome Project?
8.
What are some issues
that have arisen as a result
Hemoglobin and Fitness
"Hard-wired for prejudice"
of new DNA technologies?
History of evolutionary thought
Ø Lamarck
Evolution (Peppered moth)
information?
What is evolution?
Standard 12
NS.12.B.6
allow them to identify,
Evolution
Ø Fact and theory
"Fear of snakes, spiders
biologists have created to
9.
How does DNA function
as the basic set of
instructions for all living
Ø Darwin and Wallace
things?
Ø Voyage of the Beagle
NS.12.B.7
Research current events and
topics in Biology
Darwin’s theory
Evolution
Ø Four postulates
How do species change over
time?
Ø Influences on his
Standard 6: Students shall
examine the development of
the theory of biological
evolution.
HE.6.B.1
theory: Hutton, Lyell,
Malthus, Wallace
Ø Support for natural
HE.6.B.2
Darwin's theory of evolution by
1.
What were some early
models for how life formed
selection
Compare & contrast Lamarck's
explanation of evolution with
Guiding Questions
on Earth?
2.
What types of evidence
support the theory of
Other mechanisms of
evolution?
evolutionary change
3.
How do environmental
15
natural selection.
Ø Genetic drift
pressures cause variations
HE.6.B.3
Recognize that evolution
involves a change in allele
in populations?
Speciation and Extinction
frequencies in a population
4.
How does natural
selection explain the idea
of change over time?
across successive generations.
HE.6.B.4
Analyze the effects of
mutations and the resulting
variations within a population in
terms of natural selection.
HE.6.B.5
Illustrate mass extinction
events using a time line.
HE.6.B.6
Evaluate evolution in terms of
evidence as found in the
Evidence for evolution
Ø Fossil record
Ø Geographic distribution
Ø Comparative morphology
Ø Comparative embryology
Ø Artificial selection
Ø Observational examples
(resistant bacteria)
following:







fossil record
DNA analysis
artificial selection
morphology
embryology
viral evolution
geographic distribution
of related species
 antibiotic and
pesticide resistance in
various organisms
Nature of Science
Genetic equilibrium
Ø Hardy-Weinberg
conditions
16
Standard 12
NS.12.B.2
Compare the processes of
relative and radioactive dating
to determine the age of fossils.
NS.12.B.3
Understand that scientific
theories may be modified or
expanded based on empirical
data, verification, & peer
review.
UNIT TEST over MOLECULAR BASIS of HEREDITY
Month/SLEs
Content/Skills
Essential Questions
Assessments & Lab Activities
Resources & Literacy
FEBRUARY
(Taxonomy)
Heredity and Evolution
Standard 6
Classification
Ø What is taxonomy?
How do scientists organize all
the known living things on
Interpret a Cladogram
Project Based Assessment:
"Stinging fire ants have good
are organized
Guiding Questions
Ø Describe binomial
nomenclature
Ø Explain Linnaeus’s
classification:
Earth?
Ø Explain how living things
HE.6.B.7
Literacy Materials for
1.
What do taxonomists use
to determine similarity
points"
Wanted Poster
Students construct a wanted
poster on any disease-causing
"Linnaean naming system faces
17
Classification and the
Diversity of life
Standard 7: Students shall
hierarchical system
Ø Modern evolutionary
between organisms?
2.
classification
demonstrate an understanding
insight into the process of
evolution
o Cladistics and
that organisms are diverse.
How does taxonomy lend
CDL.7.B.1
acquired
characteristic
divisions in the modern
Differentiate among the
s
classification system?
different domains (Bacteria,
CDL.7.B.2
characteristics of the six
relationships
kingdoms and
Eubacteria
Archaea
Protista
Fungi
Plantae
Animalia
CDL.7.B.3
explain
s of each
1.
2.
species on earth"
How do microscopic
How do viruses compare
Literacy Items for
Microorganisms:
Cladistics Lab
"The mighty worm"
Keying Mythological Creatures
"Device uses sewage bacteria
Keying Sharks
to produce electricity"
the components of a typical
virus?
3.
4.
Pamishan Taxonomy
How do viruses replicate?
How are viruses specific
to particular host cells?
Microbiology
Ø Protists
"Team races to catalog every
to organisms? What are
of
Ø Viruses and Bacteria
symptoms it causes.
organisms affect our lives?
domain system
classification
microorganism and the
Guiding Questions
o Describe
taxonomic categories:
kingdom
phylum
class
order
family
genus
species
and successful?
characteristic
Identify the seven major







and fungi so abundant, diverse
o Name the six






description of the
Why are bacteria, protists
Ø Kingdoms and Domains
kingdoms:
must include a picture, a
Classification Labs:
evolutionary
challenges"
What are the major
o Explain
Archaea, & Eukarya).
Differentiate the
3.
bacteria or virus. At minimum it
5.
How does the virus that
Virology Lab:
causes AIDS reproduce?
6.
How can the spread of
Patient Zero
AIDS be prevented
18
CDL.7.B.4
7.
Classify and name organisms
Multicellular organisms –
based on their similarities and
structure and function
differences applying taxonomic
nomenclature using dichotomous
keys.
Ø Fungi
What are the
distinguishing
characteristics of bacteria,
protists, and fungi in terms
of anatomic features, food
getting and reproductive
methods; metabolic
activities, and
environmental responses?
Bacteria, Protists and Fungi
CDL.7.B.6
Compare and contrast the
structures and characteristics
of viruses (lytic and lysogenic
cycles) with non-living and living
things.
CDL.7.B.7
Evaluate the medical and
economic importance of viruses.
CDL.7.B.8 Compare and contrast
life cycles of familiar organisms




sexual reproduction
asexual reproduction
metamorphosis
alternation of
generations
19
CDL.7.B.9
Classify bacteria according to
their characteristics and
adaptations.
CDL.7.B.10
Evaluate the medical and
economic importance of
bacteria.
CDL.7.B.11
Describe the characteristics
used to classify protists:
plant-like
animal-like
fungal-like
CDL.7.B.12



Evaluate the medical and
economic importance of
protists .
CDL.7.B.13
Compare and contrast fungi
with other eukaryotic
organisms.
CDL.7.B.14
Evaluate the medical and
economic importance of fungi.
UNIT TEST over TAXONOMY
Month/SLEs
Content/Skills
Essential Questions
Assessments & Lab Activities
Resources & Literacy
20
MARCH
(Plants)
Plants
CDL.7.B.15
Differentiate between vascular
and nonvascular plants.
CDL.7.B.16
Differentiate among cycads,
gymnosperms, and angiosperms.
What is the importance of
Ø Plants
plants in our lives?
o Vascular vs. non-vascular
"Natural plant defenses- fight
Guiding Questions
o Tissue types
1.
roots
stems
leaves
flowers
CDL.7.B.18




Relate the structure of plant
tissues (epidermal, ground, and
Seed germination inquiry lab
nonvascular and vascular
plants?
2.
or flight?"
What are distinguishing
differences between
Describe the structure and
plant:
Botany Labs:
plants
CDL.7.B.17
function of the major parts of a
Literacy Materials for Botany:
What specific roles do
dermal, vascular, and
Flower Dissection
"Soil fertility in agricultural
systems"
Dissection of Flower Parts
ground tissues play in
plants?
Seed Identification and
Dissection
Fruit Dissection
vascular) to their functions.
CDL.7.B.19
Evaluate the medical and
economic importance of plants.
Fruit dissection lab.pdf
CDL.7.B.5
Investigate Arkansas'
biodiversity using appropriate
Fruit Dissection with Key Lab
tools and technology.
21
UNIT TEST over PLANTS
Month/SLEs
Content/Skills
Essential Questions
Assessments & Lab Activities
Resources & Literacy
APRIL
(Animal Characteristics)
What are the similarities and
CDL.7.B.2
Differentiate the
characteristics of the kingdom
Animalia
differences among animals?
Ø Animals
o Animal characteristics:
Guiding Questions
symmetry, anatomy,
CDL.7.B.20
physiology
1.
Identify the symmetry of
What are the basic body
plans of all animals?
organisms:



Animal Phyla Lab
2.
radial
bilateral
asymmetrical
Why are body plans useful
in classifying animals?
TEST over PLANTS
Month/SLEs
Content/Skills
Essential Questions
Assessments & Lab Activities
Resources & Literacy
MAY
(Vertebrates & Invertebrates)
May
Differentiate the
characteristics of the kingdom
Why are invertebrates so
Invertebrates
Dissection and comparative
Earthworm Dry Lab
Literacy Materials on Animals:
Guiding Questions
Compare and contrast the
according to their nervous,
respiratory, excretory,
brochure)
abundant?
anatomy
Animalia .
major invertebrate classes
(FroGuts Software-link to
diverse, successful and
1.
How are the body plans of
invertebrates different
Virtual Earthworm Dissection
"Suicide grasshoppers
brainwashed by parasite
circulatory, and digestive
22
systems
Vertebrates
Differentiate the
characteristics of the kingdom
Dissection and comparative
from those of vertebrates?
2.
anatomy
worms"
Clam Dissection
"Toads that go pop in the
What are the eight major
invertebrate phyla and the
Animalia.
Earthworm Dissection
major characteristics of
night"
each in terms of anatomical
features; food getting and
reproductive methods;
Compare and contrast the
reproductive and integumentary
systems.
Compare and contrast life
cycles of familiar organisms



sexual reproduction
asexual reproduction
metamorphosis
destruction?"
environmental responses?
according to their nervous,
circulatory, digestive,
"Weapons of Mouse
metabolic activities; and
major vertebrate classes
respiratory, excretory,
Clam Dissection (printable)
How does the spinal cord allow
Clam Dissection pdf
diversity in the form and
function of vertebrates?
Guiding Questions
1.
What distinguishes
chordates from other
"Earth's uncanned crusaders:
Squid Dissection1
Squid dissection2
Squid Diagram
animals?
2.
What are the major
structural and functional
Will sardines save our skin?"
"Owls use dung to "fish" for
beetles"
Arthropod Comparison
adaptations found in fish,
amphibians, reptiles, birds,
and mammals? What are
the major vertebrate
systems that can be
Crayfish Dissection
Crayfish Dissection
studied and compared?
3.
How did the evolution of
Grasshopper Dissection
the spinal cord allow for
diversity in the form and
function of vertebrates?
Bess Beetles
23
Starfish dissection
Perch Dissection
Frog Dissection
Net Frog Virtual Dissection
Pig Dissection
24