IHDP Annual Report 2002
IDGEC Contribution
The project on the Institutional Dimensions of Global Environmental Change (IDGEC)
seeks to stimulate research on the roles that institutions play in causing and confronting
environmental problems. IDGEC’s research priorities form a hierarchical sequence that
moves from broadly theoretical to more applied concerns by addressing matters of (1)
causality – how much of the variance in the condition of ecosystems is attributable to the
effects of institutions? (2) performance – why are some institutional responses to
environmental problems more successful than others? (3) design – how can we structure
institutions to enhance their performance? The project pays particular attention to questions
relating to the fit between institutions and ecosystems; interplay between distinct
institutions; and the prospects for scaling up/down findings relating to institutions operating
at different levels of social organization. IDGEC has launched three flagship activities
focused on ocean governance (Performance of the Exclusive Economic Zones - PEEZ),
forest management (Political Economy of Tropical and Boreal Forests - PEF), and climate
change (Carbon Management Research Activity – CMRA). Two crosscutting themes on
knowledge and compliance are also being developed. IDGEC forges partnerships with
organizations in the science and policy communities concerned with institutional issues, and
maintains a network of individual researchers interested in coordinating their efforts with
others working on the institutional dimensions of global environmental change.
The IDGEC SSC held its fourth meeting in the beginning of June in Bali, Indonesia. The
SSC welcomed several new members and bid goodbye to several old friends who had
served on the SSC for the past three years. Leaving the SSC were Elena Andreeva (Russia),
Peter Sand (Germany), Angela Cropper (Trinidad and Tobago), Scott Barrett (USA) and
Yoshiki Yamagata (Japan). New members included Taishi Sugiyama (Japan), Jyrki
Luukannen (Finland), and Arild Underdal (Norway). Danial Arce (USA) and Song Li
(China/USA) joined the SSC after the meeting.
The IDGEC IPO received a supplemental grant from the US National Science Foundation
(NSF) to support three pilot projects to move forward the IDGEC Network Initiative and the
Policy Links Publication Series. The grant will be used to fund several young scholars to
attend IDGEC Sponsored Workshops through a series of competitive calls for papers. It
will cover the cost or production of several publications in the Policy Links series. Finally,
the grant will be used to develop and test the utility of web-conferencing software in a
variety of settings.
Immediately following the SSC meeting, a second PEEZ workshop was held in Bali. Thirty
international experts participated in a Symposium on the Sustainable Use of the EEZ in the
Asia Pacific region, presenting papers which examined the extent to which the EEZ, as an
institution, has facilitated or obstructed the sustainable use and development of marine
resources.
This June 2002 PEEZ Symposium ended with a meeting of the Arafura-Timor Seas Forum
(ATSF), an emerging international soft law agreement between the countries of Australia,
Indonesia and East Timor. The IDGEC-inspired ATSF has been registered as a multilateral
partnership with the UN WSSD. The purpose of this institution is to ensure the sustainable
use of the living resources in this region. As the focus of IDGEC research, the ATSF
provides a compelling case to examine the institutional drivers of illegal fishing, to design
institutions for effective fisheries regulation, and to craft optimal institutional solutions for
coastal resource use.
PEEZ team leader, Alf Håkon Hoel received funding for the “Norwegian PEEZ” from the
Norwegian Research Council and the University of Tromsø. The funding will extend for
four years and allow the Norwegian team to provide salaries for one post-doctoral
researcher, one doctoral student and half of two senior research positions. The grant also
provided funding for a third PEEZ workshop at the University of Tromsø held in September
2002. Plans are underway for an edited volume of papers presented at the PEEZ workshops
held over the past two years. Are Sydnes and Syma Ebbin will be co-editors of the volume.
IDGEC Research Fellow, Frank Alcock, authored a successful grant proposal, “Assessing
the Performance of EEZs: Fisheries Management, Trade and Human Livelihoods.” The
grant from Duke University will fund a PEEZ related workshop in the Fall of 2003 at Duke
University.
Two CMRA activities are in progress: an agent-based model of compliance and a scenariobased model of emissions trading in the 21st century. Through the efforts of IDGEC Project
Leader, Oran Young, IDGEC has actively participated in the development of the joint
IGBP/WCRP/IHDP Global Carbon Project (GCP) Science Plan and Implementation
Strategy. It is envisioned that future CMRA research efforts will directly contribute to the
GCP.
Funded by the Asia Pacific Network (APN), the PEF team has just completed a series of
case studies on the political economy of forests in Southeast Asian countries. The team is
currently working on a second APN funded project focused on the implications of
sustainable livelihoods and biodiversity in Southeast Asia on resilience and risk. The team
is also developing another proposal for APN funding for a study comparing tropical and
boreal forest governance.
IDGEC sponsored a panel on Knowledge and Institutions at the March 2002 Annual
Conference of the International Studies Association (ISA) in New Orleans, LA. Two
IDGEC panels, co-sponsored by the German Political Science Association, on Knowledge
and Institutions are slated for the March 2003 Conference of the ISA. An agreement has
been reached with the publishers of the journal International Environmental Agreements to
produce a special issue of the journal which will include papers form the 2003 ISA
conference.
IDGEC has focused on bolstering partnerships with other global change projects. Notably,
IDGEC has been having discussions on avenues for collaboration with the IGBP project on
“Land-Ocean Interactions in the Coastal Zone” (LOICZ) as well as GLOBEC Focus 4. A
group of IDGEC and LOICZ representatives met after the June PEEZ Symposium to
discuss these issues.
Core IDGEC publications consist of three scoping reports and a science plan.
IDGEC Science Plan, IHDP Report No. 9, April 1999. Oran Young with contributions
from Arun Agrawal, Leslie King, Peter Sand, Arild Underdal, Merrilyn Wasson.
The Institutional Dimensions of Carbon Management, IDGEC Scoping Report No. 1,
March 2000. Granville Sewell, Merrilyn Wasson, Yoshiki Yamagata.
Performance of Exclusive Economic Zones, IDGEC Scoping Report No. 2, July 2000. Alf
Håkon Hoel with contributions from Elena Andreeva, Russell Reichelt, Virginia Walsh,
Oran R. Young.
The Political Economy of Tropical and Boreal Forests, IDGEC Scoping Report No. 3,
May 2001. Antonio P. Contreras, Louis Lebel, and Suparb Pas-ong.
IDGEC IPO coordinates
Was hosted by Dartmouth College but has relocated and is now hosted by the Bren School
of Environmental Science and Management at the University of California, Santa Barbara,
and is run by Syma A. Ebbin, Executive Officer
IDGEC International Project Office
4526 Bren Hall
Bren School of Environmental Science and Management
University of California, Santa Barbara
Santa Barbara, CA 93106-5131
USA
Email: IDGEC@bren.ucsb.edu
web: http://www2.bren.ucsb.edu/~idgec
List of IDGEC SSC Members (since 10/2002)
Professor Oran R. Young (chair)
4526 Bren Hall
Bren School of Environmental Science and Management
UCSB
Santa Barbara, CA 93106
USA
young@bren.ucsb.edu
Professor Russell E. Reichelt, (deputy chair)
CEO
CRC Reef Research Centre
c/- James Cook University
Townsville, Queensland 4811
AUSTRALIA
r.reichelt@bigpond.com
Professor Daniel G. Arce
Robert D. McCallum Distinguished Professor of Economics & Business
Rhodes College
2000 North Parkway
Memphis, TN 38112
USA
arce@rhodes.edu
Professor Alf Håkon Hoel
Norwegian College of Fisheries Science
University of Tromsø
90 37 Tromsø
NORWAY
Hoel@sv.uit.no
Professor Leslie A. King
Environmental Studies Program
University of Northern British Columbia
Prince George, BC V2N 4Z9
CANADA
lking@unbc.ca
Song Li
Senior Environmental Specialist
Global Environment Facility (GEF)
1900 North Johnson Street,
Arlington VA, 22207
USA
sli@worldbank.org
Dr. Jyrki J. Luukkanen
Finland Futures Research Centre
Turku School of Economics and Business Administration
Department of Regional Studies and Environmental Policy
FIN-33014 University of Tampere
FINLAND
jyrki.luukkanen@uta.fi
Professor Paul Mathieu
FAO- SDAA
Via delle Terme di Caracalla
0100- Rome
ITALY
paul.mathieu@fao.org
Dr. Madiodio Niasse
B.P. 16911
Dakar-Fann
SENEGAL
madiodio.niasse@iucn.org
Professor Suparb Pas-ong
Institute of Liberal Arts
Walailak University
222 tambon Thaiburi
Nakhon Si Thammarat
80 160
THAILAND
psuparb@wu.ac.th
Dr. Agus Sari
Pelangi
Jl. Danau Tondano
A-4 Jakarta 10210
INDONESIA
apsari@pelangi.or.id
Taishi Sugiyama
Central Research Institute of Electric Power Industry
1-6-1, Ohtemachi
Chiyodaku
100 Tokyo
JAPAN
sugiyama@criepi.denken.or.jp
Professor Arild Underdal
Dept. of Political Science
University of Oslo
P.O. Box 1097 Blindern
0317 Oslo
NORWAY
arild.underdal@stv.uio.no
Dr. Merrilyn Wasson
International Institutions Analyst, RMAP
Research School of Pacific and Asian Studies
Australian National University
Canberra ACT 0200
AUSTRALIA
merrilyn@coombs.anu.edu.au
IDGEC Publications
General
Barrett, Scott 2002
Environment and Statecraft: The Strategy of Environmental Treaty-Making. Oxford:
Oxford University Press
Underdal, Arild and Oran R. Young eds. forthcoming
Regime Consequences: Methodological Challenges and Research Strategies.
Dordrecht: Kluwer Academic Publishers
Young, Oran R. 1999
Governance in World Affairs. Ithaca: Cornell University Press
Young, Oran R. with contributions from Arun Agrawal, Leslie A. King, Peter H. Sand, and
Merrilyn Wasson 1999
Institutional Dimensions of Global Environmental Change (IDGEC) Science Plan.
IHDP Report No. 9. IHDP: Bonn
Young, Oran R. 2002
The Institutional Dimensions of Environmental Change: Fit, Interplay, and Scale.
Cambridge: MIT Press, 2002
Young, Oran R. 2002
“Evaluating the Success of International Environmental Regimes: Where Are We
Now?” Global Environmental Change, 12: 73-77
Fit
Cleveland, Cutler, Robert Costanza. Thrainn Eggertsson, Louise Fortman, Bobbi Low,
Margaret McKean, Elinor Ostrom, James Wilson, and Oran R. Young 1996
"A Framework for Modeling the Linkages between Ecosystems and Human
Systems," Beijer discussion paper series no. 76, Stockholm: Beijer International
Institute of Ecological Economics
Costanza, Robert and Carl Folke 1996
"The Structure and Function of Ecological Systems in Relation to Property Rights
Regimes," in Susan Hanna, Carl Folke, and Karl-Göran Mäler eds., Rights to
Nature. Washington, D.C.: Islands Press, 13-34
Ebbin, Syma 2002
“Dividing the Waters: Cooperative Management and the Allocation of Pacific
Salmon,” in B. Bays and E. Fouberg eds., The Tribes and the States. Lanham, MD:
Rowman and Littlefield, 169-180
Ebbin, Syma 2002
“What’s Up: The Transformation of Upstream-Downstream Relationships on
Alaska’s Kuskokwim River,” Polar Geography
Holling, C.S. and Steven Sanderson 1996
"Dynamics of (Dis)harmony in Ecological and Social Systems," in Susan Hanna,
Carl Folke, and Karl-Göran Mäler eds., Rights to Nature. Washington, D.C.: Island
Press, 57-85
Pritchard, Lowell, John Colding, Fikret Berkes, Uno Svedin, and Carl Folke 1998
"The Problem of Fit between Ecosystems and Institutions," IHDP working paper no.
2. Bonn: IHDP
Reichelt, Russell 2000
“Sustainability on the Great Barrier Reef,” paper presented at the Annual
Conference of the Australian Academy of Science, Technology and Engineering
Young, Oran R. 2002
“Matching Institutions and Ecosystems: The Problem of Fit,” a publication of the
Institutt du Development Durable and Relations Internationales (IDDRI)
Interplay
Alcock, Frank 2002
“Bargaining, Uncertainty and Property rights in Fisheries,” World Politics,
54:
Berkes, Fikret 2002
"Cross-Scale Institutional Linkages: Perspectives from the Bottom Up." In Elinor
Ostrom et al. Eds., The Drama of the Commons: Institutions for Managing the
Commons. Washington, D.C.: National Academy Press
Ebbin, Syma 2002
“Enhanced Fit Through Institutional Interplay in the Pacific Northwest Salmon Comanagement Regime,” Marine Policy, 26: 23-29
Ebbin, Syma 2002
"The Anatomy of Conflict and the Politics of Identity in Two Cooperative Salmon
Management Regimes," under review
Gehring, Thomas and Sebastain Oberthür 2000
"Exploring Regime Interaction: A Framework for Analysis," in Proceedings of the
Final Conference of the Concerted Action Programme on the Effectiveness of
International Environmental Agreements and EU Legislation"
Hoel, Alf Håkon 1999
"Institutional Interplay among Environmental Institutions in the Arctic," paper
presented at the Open Meeting of the Human Dimensions of Global Environmental
Change Community," Shonan Village, Japan
Hoel, Alf Håkon 2001
“The Performance of Exclusive Economic Zones: The Case of Norway,” Paper
prepared for the Global Conference on Oceans and Coasts at Rio + 10, Paris,
UNESCO, 3-7 December
Ishii, A. 2001
“Merging the EU Acidification Strategy: Evaluating the 1999 Gothenberg Protocol
to Abate Acidification, Euthrophication and Ground-Level Ozone,” Review of
European Community and International Environmental Law, 10: 210-226
Lebel, Louis and Suparb Pas-ong eds. Forthcoming
Institutional Interplay and the Governance of Forests of Souteast Asia
Oberthür, Sebastian 2001
"Linkages between the Montreal and Kyoto Protocols: Enhancing Synergies
between Protecting the Ozone Layer and the Global Climate," International
Environmental Agreements, 1: 357-377
Oberthür, Sebastian and Thomas Gehring 2001
“Conceptualizing Interaction between International and EU Environmental
Institutions,” Project Deliverable No. D1 of the Project “Institutional Interaction –
How to Prevent Conflicts and Enhance Synergies Between International And
European Environmental Institutions”
Pas-ong, Suparb and Louis Lebel 2000
"Political Transformation and the Environment in Southeast Asia," Environment,
42(8): 8-19
Rosendal, G. Kristin 2001
“Overlapping International Regimes: The Case of the Intergovernmental Forum on
Forests (IFF) between Climate Change and Biodiversity,” International
Environmental Agreements, 1: 447-468
Stokke, Olav Schram 2000
"Managing Straddling Stocks: The Interplay of Global and Regional Regimes,"
Ocean and Coastal Management, 43: 205-234
Stokke, Olav Schram ed. 2001
Governing High Seas Fisheries: The Interplay of Global and Regional Regimes.
Oxford: Oxford University Press
Stokke, Olav Schram 2001
"The Interplay of International Regimes: Putting Effectiveness Theory to Work,"
Fridtjof Nansen Institute Report no. 14/2001
Sydnes, Are K. 2001
“Regional Fishery Organizations: How and Why Organizational Diversity Matters,”
Ocean Development and International Law, 34: 349-372
Sydnes, Are K. 2001
“Establishing a Regional Fisheries Management Organization in the Western and
Central Pacific Ocean,” Ocean and Coastal Management, 44: 787-811
Sydnes, Are K. 2001
“New Fisheries Management Regimes: Establishing the Southeast Atlantic Fisheries
Organization,” Marine Policy, 25: 353-364
Sydnes, Are K. 2002
Doctoral thesis
Von Moltke, Konrad 1997
"Institutional Interactions: The Structure of Regimes for Trade and the
Environment," in Oran R. Young ed., Global Governance: Drawing Insights from
the Environmental Experience. Cambridge: MIT Press, 247-272
Young, Oran R. 1996
"Institutional Linkages in International Society," Global Governance: 2: 1-23
Young, Oran R. 2002
"Institutional Interplay: The Environmental Consequences of Cross-Scale
Interactions," in Elinor Ostrom et al., eds., The Drama of the Commons: Institutions
for Managing the Commons. Washington, D.C. National Academy Press, 263-291
Young, Oran R. 2002
“Can the Arctic Council and the Northern Forum Find Common Ground?” Polar
Record, 38(207): 289-296
Scale
Alcock, Frank 2001
“Scale, Crisis and Sectoral Conflict: The Fisheries Development Dilemma,” paper
delivered at the Berlin Conference on Human Dimensions of Global Environmental
Change, Berlin, Germany
Gibson, Clark, Elinor Ostrom, and Toh-Kyeong Ahn
"The Concept of scale and the Human Dimensions of Global Change: A Survey,"
Ecological Economics, 32: 217-239
McGinnis, Michael and Elinor Ostrom 1996
"Design Principles for Local and Global Commons," in Oran R. Young ed., The
International Political Economy and International Institutions. Vol. 2. Cheltenham,
UK: Edward Elgare, 465-493
Ostrom, Elinor, Joanna Burger, Christopher B. Field, Richard B. Norgaard, and David
Policansky 1999
"Revisiting the Commons: Local Lessons, Global Challenges," Science, 284: 278282
Sand, Peter H. 2001
“Public Trusteeship for Common Pool Resources: New Approaches to International
Environmental Law,” paper delivered at the Berlin Conference on Human
Dimensions of Global Environmental Change, Berlin, Germany
Young, Oran R. 1994
"The Problem of Scale in Human/Environment Relations," Journal of Theoretical
Politics, 6: 429-447
Young, Oran R. 2002
"Why Is There No Unified Theory of Environmental Governance?" a paper prepared
for the 9th Biennial Conference of the International Association for the Study of
Common Property
Other Work
Barrett, Scott 2001
“International Cooperation for Sale,” European Economic Review, 45: 1835-1850
Ebbin, Syma 2002
"Fish and Chips: Cross-Cutting Issues and Actors in a Co-managed Fishery Regime
in the Pacific Northwest," paper presented at the joint conference of the International
Studies Association-Northeast Region and the Northeast American Political Science
Association
Kaivo-oja, Jari and Jyrki Luukkanen 2002
“Energy and CO2 Efficiency Dynamics in the World Regions,” International
Journal of Global Energy Issues
Lebel, Louis, Nguyen Hoang Tri, Amnuay Saengnoree, Suparp Pas-ong, Urasa
Buatama, and Le Kim Thoa 2002
“Industrial Transformation and Shrimp Aquaculture in Thailand and Vietnam:
Pathways to Ecological, Social and Economic Sustainability?” Ambio, in press
Luukkanen, Jyrki and Jari Kaivo-oja 2002
“Meaningful Participation in Emission Reductions and Global Climate Policy:
Comparative Analysis of the Key Developing Countries Energy and CO2 Efficiency
Dynamics in the Years 1971-1997,” Global Environmental Change, 12: 117-126
Luukkanen, Jyrki and Jari Kaivo-oja 2002
“ASEAN Tigers and Sustainability of Energy Use: Decomposition Analysis of
Energy and CO2 Efficiency Dynamics,” Energy Policy, 30: 281-292
Mitchell, Ronald, William Clark, David Cash, and Frank Alcock eds. 2003
Information as Influence: How Institutions Mediate the Impact of Scientific
Assessments on International Environmental Affairs, Cambridge: MIT Press
Mizuta, H. and Y. Yamagata 2001
“Agent-Based Simulation and Greenhouse Gas Emissions Trading,” in B.A. Peters
et. A;. eds., Proceedings of the 2001 Winter Simulation Conference, 525-540
Mizuta, H. and Y. Yamagata 2001
“Agent-Based Simulation for Economic and Environmental Studies,” in New
Frontiers in Artificial Intelligence. Berlin: Springer, 142-152
Mizuta, H. and Y. Yamagata 2002
“Agent-based Simulation and Gaming System for International Emission Trading,”
in A. Namatame et al. eds., Agent-Based Approaches in Economic and Social
Complex Systems. IOS Press, 69-78
Myint, Tun 2002
“Democracy in Global Environmental Governance: Issues, Interests, Actors in
Mekong and Rhine Basins,” Indiana Journal of Global Legal Studies
Myint, Tun 2002
“Harnessing Governance for Democracy and Sustainability: Empirical Evidence
from the Rhine,” in Walter L. Filho ed., International Experiences on Sustainability.
Frankfurt: Peter Lang
Myint, Tun 2002
“Managing Complexities in Global Environmental Governance: Issues-InterestsActors Network Model for Transnational Governance in Mekong River Commission
and the International Commission for the Protection of the Rhine,” in Frank
Biermann ed., Proceedings of the 2001 Berlin Conference on the Human
Dimensions of Global Environmental Change. Potsdam: PUK
Sand, Peter H. 1997
The Role of International Organizations in the Evolution of Environmental Law,
course no. 2. UNITAR/IUCN/UNEP Programme of Training for the Application of
Environmental Law. Geneva: UNITAR
Sand, Peter H. 1999
Transnational Environmental Law: Lessons in Global Change. The Hague: Kluwer
Law International
Sugiyama, Taishi 2001
“Enforcement or Management? Two Schools of Thought in the Institutional Design
of the Kyoto Regime,” Energy and Environment, 12:
Walsh, Virginia 2002
Global Institutions and Social Knowledge: Marine Science at the Scripps Institution,
1903-1970, forthcoming
Yamagata, Y. and G. Alexandrov 2001
“Would Forestation Alleviate the Burden of Emission Reduction? An Assessment of
the Future Carbon Sink from ARD Activities,” Climate Policy, 1: 27-40
Young, Oran R. 2001
"The Behavioral Effects of Environmental Regimes: Collective-Action vs. SocialProcess Models," International Environmental Agreements, 1: 9-29
Young, Oran R. 2001
“Transboundary Protected Areas: Why Plans that Seem Attractive on Paper Can Go
Awry on the Ground,” The Common Property Resource Digest, No. 59, 1-4
Young, Oran R. 2002
"Are Institutions Intervening Variables or Basic Causal Forces? Causal Clusters
versus Causal Chains in International society," in Michael Brecher and Frank
Harvey eds., Millennium Reflections on International Studies. Ann Arbor:
University of Michigan Press, 176-191
Young, Oran R. 2002
“Can New Institutions Solve Atmospheric Problems? Confronting Acid Rain, Ozone
Depletion, and Climate Change,” in Will Steffen et al. eds., Challenges of a
Changing Earth. Berling: Springer-verlag, 87-91
Young, Oran R. 2002
“Review of The Collapse of the Kyoto Protocol,” American Journal of International
Law, 96: 736-741
Scoping Reports, Conference Reports, and Newsletters
Sewell, Granville, Merrilyn Wasson, and Yoshiki Yamagata 2000
“The Institutional Dimensions of Carbon Management,” IDGEC Scoping Report
No. 1
Hoel, Alf Håkon with contributions from Elena Andreeva, Russell Reichelt, Virginia Walsh,
and Oran R. Young 2000
“Performance of Exclusive Economic Zones,” IDGEC Scoping Report No. 2
Contreras, Antonio, Louis Lebel, and Suparb Pas-ong 2001
“The Political Economy of Tropical and Boreal Forests,” IDGEC Scoping Report
No. 3
Sewell, Granville and Yoshiki Yamagata eds. 2001
“Institutional Dimensions of Global Environmental Change Carbon Management
Research Activity: Report of the Initial Planning Meeting, 29-30 May 2000, Tokyo,”
Center for Global Environmental Research, National Institute for Environmental
Studies, CGER-D028-2001
IDGEC Newsletters – approximately twice a year