US Technology Development for the
Square Kilometer Array
The Large-N/Small-D Concept
Jim Cordes
Cornell University
7/25/2016
SKA2004 Penticton
1
US SKA Consortium
Purpose: to coordinate SKA activities in the U.S.
Chair: Yervant Terzian (Cornell)
Vice Chair: Jack Welch (UCB)
Caltech/JPL
Cornell/NAIC
Harvard/Smithsonian
MIT/Haystack
NRAO
NRL
SETI Institute
7/25/2016
UC Berkeley
University of Illinois
University of Minnesota
University of New Mexico
University of Wisconsin
Virginia Tech
SKA2004 Penticton
2
US NSF Support
• Current NSF Support: 3 yr/$1.5M grant from the
Advanced Technology and Instrumentation program
• TDP Proposal
•
•
•
•
•
Guidelines from the NSF
Discussion and outline phase
Task identification and organization
Development of TDP Management Plan
Identification of workplan, tasks,
timeline, budgets, and writing
• Submitted to the NSF
• Reverse site visit to the NSF
• Initial funding
7/25/2016
SKA2004 Penticton
June 2003
July-Sept 2003
October 2003
November 2003 (approved)
Oct 2003 – Feb 2004
March 2004
October 2004
2005.0 (?)
3
The US SKA Consortium’s
Technology Development Project
Overarching goal: develop the LNSD concept so
that it will be an integral part of the international
SKA project.
• End-to-end design concept
• Costing consistent with anticipated budget ceiling
• Timeline and milestones consistent with the overall
project timeline set by the International SKA Project
• Significant Education and Public Outreach
Component
7/25/2016
SKA2004 Penticton
4
The US SKA Consortium’s
Technology Development Project
Technical aspects of the TDP:
• Optimize antenna/receiver design
• Develop manufacturing process for low-cost antennas
• Define and develop plausible plan for wideband signal
transport and digital processing
• RFI mitigation and management
• Post processing for large FOV surveys (innovations in
high performance computing, networking; IVO)
• Operations and maintenance plan
• Costs and trades
7/25/2016
SKA2004 Penticton
5
5-year Technology Development Project
7 main work areas (“Subprojects”)
•
•
•
•
•
Antennas and receivers
Signal transport and digital processing
Systems analysis and design
Construction and Operations costing
The ATA as a development facility for SKA feeds,
receivers, RFI, large-N ops
• Siting the SKA in the US
• Education and Public Outreach
7/25/2016
SKA2004 Penticton
6
Proposed Subproject Funding
Antennas & Receivers
EPO
Siting
ATA
Antennas & Rx
Ops
System
Analysis
& Design
Data
Trans
Signal Transport &
Digital Processing
System Analysis &
Design
Construction &
Operations Costing
The ATA SKA
Development Facility
US Siting
Education & Public
Outreach
7/25/2016
SKA2004 Penticton
7
p. 33 of TDP proposal
Schematic Overview of the SKA LNSD Technology Development Project
Year 1
WBS
1
Task/Year
Antennas and Receivers
2004.5
Year 2
2005.5
Year 3
2006.5
Year 4
2007.5
Year 5
2008.5
Fabricate Prototype 0.13 to 11 GHz Receivers,
Feeds, and Cryocooler; Tests
Develop 11-34 GHz Receiver & IF/LO; Tests
Design & Fabricate a 12 m Prototype Antenna;
Antenna Tests
Cut and Join 12 m Antenna; Outfit Complete
USSKA Prototype Antenna Element; Tests
2
Signal Transport and Digital Processing
Baseline Design of Signal Transport System
Baseline Correlator Design and Costing
3
System Analysis and Design
Draft Algorithms for Calibration, Imaging,
Beamforming, Data Management and RFI
Mitigation; Test and Refine the Algorithms on the
Define SKA Configurations and Simulate full LNSD
Science Performance
4
Operations and Costing
Develop an LNSD Operations Model
Develop and Refine Cost Equations for
Construction and Operations
5
ATA
SKAand
Development
(ASDF)
Procure
Outfit a 6m TestFacility
Antenna for
the
ASDF
Conduct LNSD System Tests on the ASDF
6
Siting
7
Education and Public Outreach
Assessment of the North American Site
Define Program and Partnerships
Program Implementation
8
Project Management
Submit LNSD Cost and Test Data for International
Concept Selection Process (March 2007)
Complete SKA LNSD Project Baseline; Report
Cost and Test Data for Decadal Review and
Coordination w ith International Project Management
7/25/2016
SKA2004 Penticton
8
The International SKA Project
Office (ISPO)
Strong relationship with and reliance on the ISPO
•
•
•
•
•
Developing the science case
Identifying and leveraging synergies between national efforts
Converging on a design and site for the SKA
Developing an international demonstrator
Identifying funding
Funds requested in the TDP proposal for the
US contribution to the ISPO:
•
•
•
•
7/25/2016
Project Director (Schilizzi)
Project Engineer (Hall)
Project Scientist (≥ 2006)
Travel expenses, RFI characterization, website, etc.
SKA2004 Penticton
9
US SKA TDP Task Structure
US SKA TDP
Oversight
Committee
ISSC
__________________
International Project
Office
US SKA
Consortium*
Managing Organization
__________________
NAIC
Project Office
___________________
Project Director
Project Manager
Admin Ass’t
Subprojects
Subprojects
Antennas,
Feeds, Optics
and Receivers
______________
Lead: S.
Weinreb
(Caltech)
Participants:
Caltech/JPL
NAIC/Cornell
NRAO
SETI Institute
UC-Berkeley
U Wisc-Madison
Digital Signal
Transport and
Processing
______________
Lead: R.
Cappallo
(Haystack)
Participants:
Haystack/MIT
NRAO
SAO
UC-Berkeley
Virginia Tech
System Analysis
and Design
______________
Lead: D. Jones
(JPL)
Participants:
Caltech/JPL
Haystack/MIT
NAIC/Cornell
NRAO
SAO
UC-Berkeley
Virginia Tech
Operations and
Costing
______________
Lead: P.
Goldsmith
(Cornell)
Participants:
Caltech
Haystack/MIT
JPL
NAIC/Cornell
NRAO
SETI Institute
ATA SKA Test
Facility
______________
Lead: D. Bock
(UC Berkeley)
Participants:
NAIC/Cornell
SAO
SETI Institute
UC-Berkeley
Virginia Tech
Siting
______________
Lead: N. Duric
(UNM)
Participants:
Haystack/MIT
NAIC/Cornell
NRAO
NRL
UNM
Education and
Public Outreach
______________
Lead: J. Tarter
(SETI Institute)
Participants:
NAIC/Cornell
NRAO
SAO/CfA
UC Berkeley
U. Wisc-Madison
Virginia Tech
Figure 3
7/25/2016
SKA2004 Penticton
10
SKA Demonstrators Related
to the US Plan
• The Allen Telescope Array
• Science and technology, calibration, costing
• The DSN Array
• Technology (antenna development)
• EVLA
• Networking, operations, science
• LOFAR
• Science, calibration
• 6m reflectors
• ATA antenna copy as feed/receiver test platform
• Cut and paste tests
• “12m” reflectors
• Symmetric designs
• Off-axis designs
• 12m + 4m skirt
7/25/2016
SKA2004 Penticton
11
7/25/2016
SKA2004 Penticton
12