CCRI
BIOLOGY
Bloodborne (BB) Pathogen Training
Resouce: OSU Environmental Health and Safety
What is a BB Pathogen?
A bloodborne pathogen is disease causing
microorganism that is carried in the blood
(or other bodily fluids).
Some Diseases Caused by BB Pathogens
 Malaria
 Brucellosis
 Syphilis
 Hepatitis B(HBV)
 Hepatitis C(HCV)
 Human Immunodeficiency Virus (HIV)
OSHA BB Pathogen Standard
 The OSHA Bloodborne Pathogens Standard
was enacted to reduce the occupational
transmission of bloodborne and other
potential infectious materials (OPIM), in
particularHepatitis B(HBV)
Hepatitis C(HCV)
Human Immunodeficiency Virus (HIV)
In addition to blood, potentially infectious
bodily fluids include:
 Human blood components, and products made from human
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blood
Semen
Amniotic fluid
Pleural fluid
Synovial fluid
Vaginal secretions
Cerebrospinal fluid
Saliva in dental procedures
Body Fluids that cannot be readily identified
Note--saliva, urine, feces, vomit are not included in the standard
unless they are visibly contaminated with blood.
Training
All employees who could be reasonably
expected, as a result of their job duties, to
come into contact with blood or other
infectious materials are required to complete
BB PATHOGEN training every year.
This training will include:
 an explanation of the standard
 information on the epidemiology, symptoms, and
modes of transmission of bloodborne pathogens
 explanations of
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the exposure control plan
personal protective equipment
the hepatitis B vaccine
emergency procedures.
Human Immunodeficiency Virus (HIV)
 HIV is the virus that causes AIDS
 HIV depletes the immune system
 HIV does not survive well outside
the body
 No threat on contracting HIV
through casual contact
Hepatitis B (HBV)
 1—1.25 million Americans are chronically infected
 Symptoms include: jaundice, fatigue, abdominal pain,
loss of appetite, intermittent nausea, vomiting
 May lead to chronic liver disease, liver cancer, and death
 HBV can survive for at least one week in
dried blood
 Symptoms can occur 1-9 months after exposure
 Vaccination available since 1982
Hepatitis C (HCV)
 Hepatitis C is the most common chronic bloodborne
infection in the United States
 Symptoms include: jaundice, fatigue, abdominal
pain, loss of appetite, intermittent nausea, vomiting
 May lead to chronic liver disease and death
These agents are transmitted by
Contact with another person’s blood or a
bodily fluid that may contain blood.
They enter the body via :
 Mucous membranes: eyes, mouth, nose
 Non-intact skin
 Contaminated sharps/needles
"Universal precautions" are precautions
designed to prevent transmission of human
immunodeficiency virus (HIV), hepatitis B
virus (HBV), and other bloodborne
pathogens.
Under universal precautions, all blood and body
fluids are considered potentially infectious for
HIV, HBV and other bloodborne pathogens.
Universal Precautions
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Wear gloves when there is the
potential for hand or skin contact
with blood, other potentially
infectious material, or items and
surfaces contaminated with these
materials.
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Wear face protection during
procedures that are likely to
generate droplets of blood or body
fluid to prevent exposure to mucous
membranes of the mouth, nose, and
eyes.
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Wear protective body clothing
(disposable laboratory coats, Tyvek)
when there is a potential for
splashing of blood or body fluids.
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Source: National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences,
Universal Precautions, 22 December 1998, (5 October 2000).
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Wash hands or other skin surfaces
thoroughly and immediately if
contaminated with blood, body fluids
containing visible blood, or other
body fluids to which universal
precautions apply.
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Wash hands immediately after
gloves are removed.
Avoid injuries that can be caused by
handling sharp instruments, and
disposing of used needles, pipettes,
etc.
Used needles, disposable syringes,
scalpel blades, pipettes, and other
sharp items are to be placed in
puncture-resistant containers
marked with a biohazard symbol for
disposal.
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Personal Protective Equipment (PPE)
 When using PPE
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(gloves, face shields, lab coats)
Always check PPE for defects or tears before
using
If PPE becomes torn or defective remove and
get new
Remove PPE before leaving a contaminated
area
Do not reuse disposable equipment
Decontamination
Always wear PPE when attempting to
decontaminate an area where blood or
bodily fluids have been spilled!
Decontamination
 Do an initial wipe up
 Treat with 10% bleach solution allow to stand
for ten minutes then wipe up
 Dispose of all wipes in biohazard containers
 PPE should be removed and
disposed of in biohazard containers
Hand Washing
 Wash hands immediately after removing PPE
 Use a soft antibacterial soap
 A hand sanitizer can be used but wash with
soap and water as soon as possible.
Biohazard labeling
 Biohazard waste receptacles must be labeled with
the universal biohazard symbol, and the term
“Biohazard”
Similar labeling is required on
 refrigerators or freezers containing blood or OPIM
 containers used to store, transport, or ship blood or
OPIM
Biohazardous (Regulated) waste includes:
 Liquid or semi-liquid blood or other potentially
infectious material (OPIM)
 Contaminated items that would release blood or
OPIM when compressed
 Contaminated sharps
 Pathological and microbiological waste
containing blood or OPIM
Exposure
 In the case of mucous membrane exposure,
needlestick, or cut injury involving infectious material,
immediately cleanse wounds and exposure sites with
soap and water.
 If blood is splashed in the eye or mucous membrane,
flush the affected area with running water for at least
15 minutes.
 File an Incident Report with College Security and
send a copy to the Chemical Safety Coordinator.
Post-Exposure Evaluation
 Exposed employees should seek testing, and, if
necessary, treatment and follow-up counseling.
 Provided by the employee’s own physician, at an
emergency room or available through Workers
Compensation to College employees by
Occupational Health and Rehabilitation, Inc. of
Warwick and Pawtucket, Rhode Island. (Information
on OH+R services is available from College
Personnel)
 Exposure and testing records are confidential and
kept by OH+R.
Hepatitis B Vaccination
 Strongly endorsed by medical communities
 The hepatitis B vaccination is recommended for all health care
workers and others whose jobs involve exposure to blood and
other potentially infectious materials.
 Hepatitis B vaccine is offered free of charge to College
employees in that category.
 Employees who decline to accept the Hepatitis B Vaccination
offered by CCRI will be required to sign the Hepatitis B
Vaccination Refusal Form. Documentation of the vaccination
and a record of the training will be kept on file by the College's
Chemical Safety Coordinator.
Recordkeeping
 Medical records include:
 Hepatitis B vaccination status
 Post-exposure evaluation and follow-up results
Training records include:
 Training dates
 Contents of the training
 Signature of trainer and trainee
 Bloodborne pathogen quiz results
In Conclusion
BB pathogen rules are in place for your
health and safety
????Questions????
 Contact:
Rick Foote, ccrifoote@ccri.edu
Outsourcing Program Director
Triumvirate Environmental
ph: 617-686-6184/401-333-7129
or
Chris Swartzel, ccriswartzel@ccri.edu
Field Chemist
Triumvirate Environmental
ph: 617-839-3586/401-333-7129