Unit 1
Introduction to Biology
Know all lab safety rules
What is Biology?
The study of living things
What does this
phrase represent
in science?
“King Henry Died
By Drinking
Chocolate Milk”
K
H
D
d
c
m
Metric System
Know how to convert one
type of unit into another.
Name the
four main
types of
basic metric
units.
Meter - Length
Liter - Volume
Gram - Mass
Celsius - Temperature
Convert
25.6 cm = __?__ Km
KHDBDCM
0.000256 Km
25.6 cm = _______
How did we get that?
KHDBDCM
0.000256
What are the steps of the
scientific method?
What is important about a
hypothesis?
Observation
Problem/Question
Hypothesis
Scientists observe the
world and want to know
why things happen
Scientists develop an
“If, then” statement.
Scientists must be
able to TEST their
hypothesis
Experiment
Scientists test their
hypothesis and collect
data
Data Analysis
Scientists look at their
data
Conclusion
Report Findings
Was the hypothesis
supported or not
supported?
Why or why not?
Scientists want others to
know and they can also
test the findings
What is a CONTROL
group?
What is a Zero
Treatment Control?
What is an
Experimenter Selected
Control?
What is a CONTROL group?
Used as a COMPARISON tool for
your data. It does NOT get the IV.
(such as the plant that gets normal
amt of light)
What is a Zero Treatment
Control?
Control group gets NO treatment
Ex: No jumping jacks and measure
pulse vs. 100 jumping jacks and
measure pulse
What is an Experimenter
Selected Control?
The experimenter chooses the
control. Ex: Regular dog food and
dog growth vs. New improved dog
food and dog growth
What are VARIABLES?
What are VARIABLES?
Things that are changed in an experiment
Normal Sun
1 Hr of Sun
2 Hrs Sun
3 Hrs of Sun
Measuring plant height (growth) after 7 days.
What is the
INDEPENDENT VARIABLE?
I.V. = Amount (Hrs) of
Sun given to the
plants
What “I” change in
the experiment.
Normal Sun
1 Hr of Sun
2 Hrs Sun
3 Hrs of Sun
Measuring plant height (growth) after 7 days.
What is the DEPENDENT
VARIABLE?
D.V. = The height of
the plants after 7
days
The “D”ata collected.
What is the control in
this plant
experiment?
Plant that got
Normal Sun
Experimenter
selected
control
What could be
some constants
in this plant
experiment?
•Soil
•Amount of water
•Type of plant
•Size of container
CONSTANTS
These items all stay the same
from one plant to the next
What is DATA?
What is DATA?
Information collected
from conducting an
experiment.
What is
QUANTITATIVE DATA?
Quantitative
Data that is
measured
and numbers
are obtained
Observations
Hint: Quantitative
has an “N” for
NUMBERS
What is QUALITATIVE
DATA?
Qualitative
Data
obtained
using 5
senses
Observations
Color, sound,
taste, etc.
What is a THEORY?
What is a THEORY?
A well tested hypothesis that
is supported by repeated
testing.
What are the 8
Characteristics of Life?
What are the 8
Characteristics of Life?
Metabolize gain and use energy (food)
Made of at least 1 or more cells
DNA (Universal Genetic Code) Genetics
React to environment (Put on coat when cold)
Adapt/Evolve- Adjust to your environment (More fur
in cold climates)
Homeostasis – Maintain stable internal environment
Grow and Develop (Baby to adult to old man)
Reproduce – must do this for species to survive
Name the
levels of
living
things
largest to
smallest
Biosphere = All areas of earth with life
Ecosystem = Living and non-living in an area
Community = Different species in an area
Population = Same species (organisms) in an
area
Organism = Group of organ systems make up
this
Organ system = Group of organs working
together
Organ = Group of tissues working together
Tissue = Group of cells working together
Cell = SMALLEST LIVING THING!!!
Molecule = Units that make up cells NOT LIVING
Which is the Zoologist and which is the Botanist?
Which is the Zoologist and which is the Botanist?
What is the main definition
of a species?
What is the main definition
of a species?
Must be able to reproduce and produce
fertile offspring.
What is metabolism?
What is metabolism?
Process of gaining and using
energy
What is …
What is …
Keeping a stable internal environment such as
temperature or pH.