Ecology Quiz Review
______ is the study of how organisms
interact with other organisms and
their environment?
What is the study of living things and
how they interact with their
environment?
ECOLOGY
Name the
levels of
organization
of living
things in
Ecology from
smallest to
biggest.
What is…
Organism
Species
Population
Community
Ecosystem
Biome
Biosphere
Organism
Species
What is an
organism?
What is an
organism?
One
member of
a species
What is a species?
What is a species?
An organism that can reproduce
and produce fertile offspring
What is a population?
What is a population?
Why are you
looking at
us?
Organisms of the same species
living in the same area.
What is a community?
What is a community?
All the different species
(living things) in an area
What is an ecosystem?
What is an ecosystem?
“Biotic”
Living
“Abiotic”
Non-Living
Trees
Ducks
Fish
Sun
Water
Soil
All the living (biotic)and non-living
(abiotic) things in an area
What is a biome?
What is a biome?
Group of ecosystems with same climate,
same types of living things
(plants and animals)
What is the biosphere?
What is the biosphere?
All the areas of the Earth (above, on,
below surface) that contains living
things
______ is where
an organism lives
and gets its needs
met?
(example: food,
air, shelter, etc.)
Habitat
is where an
organism lives
and gets its
needs met?
(example: food,
air, shelter, etc.)
______________ is the average
temperature and precipitation
in a particular area.
CLIMATE is the average
temperature and precipitation
in a particular area.
What make their own food?
PRODUCERS
AUTOTROPHS
(PLANTS!)
What need to find and eat food?
What need to find and eat food?
Heterotrophs - Consumers
Carnivore
Herbivore
Decomposers
Omnivore
Scavengers
What do each of these consumers
eat?
Carnivore, Herbivore, Omnivore
What do each of these consumers
eat?
Carnivore, Herbivore, Omnivore
Eats only meat
Eats only plants
Eats meat and plants
What digests and absorbs nutrients
from breaking down dead and
decaying organisms?
What digests and absorbs nutrients
from breaking down dead and
decaying organisms?
(Mushrooms, Worms, Bacteria)
DECOMPOSERS
What is an organism that eats
already dead animals?
We really need
to thank the
lions for killing
our meal!
Scavengers
Vultures & Hyenas
What provides
almost all the
energy in
ecosystems?
What provides
almost all the
energy in
ecosystems?
THE SUN!!!!
What is this
structure called?
Name and
describe each
trophic level.
How much
energy is
transferred from
lower level to
next?
Carnivores &
Omnivores
Carnivores
(eat Herbivores)
& Omnivores
What is this
structure
called?
Energy Pyramid
Name and
describe each
trophic level.
See labels
How much
energy is
transferred from
lower level to
next?
10%
What is this called?
Food Chain
Linear
Loss of one organism disrupts the chain
A ______ ____ is an ecological model of the
relationships of complex interactions among
organisms in a community.
Why does the arrow point towards the
consumer?
Food Web
A ______
____ is an
ecological model of
the relationships of
complex interactions
among organisms in
a community.
• Arrows show the transfer of energy from one
organism to another.
• Arrow points to mouth that does the eating.
• One loss of organism does not disrupt the entire
web.
Biotic
Factor means…
Abiotic
Factor means…
Biotic factor means…
Living factors that affect
the environment or a
population. Examples:
disease, predators, prey
Abiotic factor means…
Non-living factors that
affect the environment or a
population.
Examples: wind, hurricane,
tornado, flood
What is the human factor?
A factor caused by human actions such as
pollution, all trees cut down, global
warming, making a park, or over hunting
that affect the environment or a
population.
____________ is the term used for
organisms fighting for the same
resources (food, shelter, mates) in an
area.
__Competition______ is the term
used for organisms fighting for the
same resources (food, shelter, mates)
in an area.
____________ is your habitat plus
your role in it (a relationship)
Mother/Child or Predator/Prey
Niche is your habitat plus your
role in it (a relationship)
Mother/Child or Predator/Prey
_____?______ is the term for
organisms depending on each other
SYMBIOSIS is the term for
organisms depending on each other
_____________ is when both organisms
help each other (+/+)
Ex: Bee & Flower
Lichen (algae/fungus)
Shark & Remora Fish
Mutualism is when both organisms help
each other (+/+)
Ex: Bee & Flower
Lichen (algae/fungus)
Shark & Remora Fish
_______ is when one organism gets
helped and the other not affected (+/0)
(harmed or helped)
Ex: Bird nest/Tree
Barnacle/Whale
Commensalism is when one organism
gets helped and the other not affected
(harmed or helped)
(+/0)
Ex: Bird nest/Tree
Barnacle/Whale
_________ is when one benefits (parasite) and
one is harmed (host) but not necessarily killed
(+/-)
Ex: Tick (parasite)/Dog(host)
Mistletoe(parasite)/Deciduous Tree(host)
Parasitism is when one benefits (parasite) and
one is harmed (host) but not necessarily killed
(+/-)
Ex: Tick (parasite)/Dog(host)
Mistletoe(parasite)/Deciduous Tree(host)
What is it called when one
organism kills and eats another?
What is Predator/Prey (+/-)
Predator (lynx that kills and eats)
vs. Prey (rabbit that gets killed)
“Predation”
________ __________ is when the area did not have
any growth, begins with rocks/lava and slowly began
with small plants, and eventually became a forest.
Primary Succession: is when the area did not have
any growth, begins with rocks/lava and slowly began
with small plants, and eventually became a forest.
________ _____
is when there was a
forest and a fire or other disaster killed
most but not all plants and then it regrows into a forest again.
Secondary Succession is when there was
a forest and a fire or other disaster killed
most but not all plants and then it regrows into a forest again.
Which type of vegetation
represents a climax
community?
A
B
C
D
Which type of vegetation
represents a climax
community?
Largest
Mature
Trees
A
B
C
D
Be able to:
•Explain what carrying capacity is
•Determine the carrying capacity of population
•Explain what factors (biotic, abiotic, human)
cause increases and decreases in a population
Dotted line is the carrying
capacity (amount of organisms
the area can support)
When population graph is …
↗ Births > Deaths (resources
are plenty, predators
decreased, etc.)
↘ Births < Deaths (resources
are low; predators increasing,
etc.)
→ Level: Births = Deaths
(resources are right for number
of organisms)
Intentionally left blank
Grasslands (Prairies, Steppes, Pampas)
GRASSLAND
IMPORTANT FACTS
•
•
•
•
•
•
Prairies
Inland on N. America
Fertile soil
Little rain
Fires common
Burrowing animals
SAVANNA
SAVANNA
IMPORTANT FACTS
•
•
•
•
•
•
•
Hot Dry
Africa
Grasses
Smaller trees
Inland so less rain
Fires are common
Large carnivores – Lions
TEMPERATE RAINFOREST
TEMPERATE RAINFOREST
IMPORTANT FACTS
• Lost of rain but moderate
temperatures
• North West area – Oregon
• Redwood Trees – big
Tropical Rainforest
TROPICAL RAINFOREST
IMPORTANT FACTS
•
•
•
•
•
•
•
Near Equator
High Temps
High Rainfall >2 meters /yr
High humidity
Poor Soil
Most Biomass (plants)
Most Biodiversity
Temperate Deciduous Forest
TEMPERATE DECIDUOUS FOREST
IMPORTANT FACTS
• VIRGINIA
• Deciduous Trees- Leaves
change and fall
• Fertile soil
• Broad leaves
• Animals – Birds migrate,
mammals hibernate
Taiga
TAIGA
TAIGA (BORIAL FOREST)
IMPORTANT FACTS
•
•
•
•
•
Larges biome on the Earth
Pine Trees (Conifers)
Winter long 6-10 mo.
Snow is precipitation
Animals – migratory, thick
fur
Deserts
DESERT
IMPORTANT FACTS
• Very Dry: Less than 25 cm of
rainfall per year
• Estivation – animals sleep
during the summer
• Cactus – thick fleshy stems
with wax covering with
spines
• Nocturnal – active at
night/sleep during day
• Get water from their food
Tundra
IMPORTANT FACTS
TUNDRA
•
•
•
•
•
•
•
•
Coldest and Driest
Snow covered
No trees
Permafrost – perm. Frozen
layer of ground
Plants – mosses and lichen
Brief summer
Migratory animals
White animals
Keep studying until you get
every question correct!