ZOO 1010 Study Guide
Chapter 16
Chapter 16 – Fishes
1. What is a fish?
2. Distinguish between agnatha and gnathostome.
3. Characterize the hagfishes (Class Myxini).
4. Characterize the lampreys (Class Petromyzontida). What is an ammocetes larva?
5. Characterize the Chondrichthyes (the cartilaginous fishes), specifically the Elasmobranchii.
6. Distinguish between sharks, skates, and rays.
7. What are ampullae of Lorenzini? What other sensory structures/organs do elasmobranchs possess?
8. Distinguish between oviparous, ovoviviparous, viviparous modes of reproduction.
9. How do bony fish (Osteichthyes) differ from Chondrichthyes?
10. Characterize the ray-finned fishes (Class Actinopterygii).
11. Characterize the types of scales bony fish may possess; compare to placoid scales.
12. Characterize the lobe-finned fishes (Class Sarcopterygii).
13. How do the fins of fish, body form, and scales contribute to swimming hydrodynamics?
14. What is the function(s) of the swim bladder and how may it fill/empty with air?
15. How does a fish respire/obtain the oxygen it needs?
16. Describe the two types of migration patterns of fishes.
17. What is the mode of reproduction of most fishes?
Key Terms – agnathan, gnathostomes, cyclostomes, ammocetes, heterocercal, placoid, lateral-line system,
neuromasts, ampullae of Lorenzini, clasper, oviparous, ovoviviparous, viviparous, spiracles, endochondral bone,
operculum, swim bladder, rete mirabile, ganoid, cycloid, ctenoid, homocercal, suction feeding, diphycercal,
lamellae, catadromous, anadromous
Note: This study guide may not be all inclusive of material covered. The student is responsible for learning all
material covered in lecture and as expected as part of this course.