1 Chapters 15 A Class Notes BSC 2085 Fall 2010 Name__________________________________________ Date ______________________ _____________ of all sensory receptors are in the eye. Nearly ____________ of the cerebral cortex is involved in processing visual information. The adult eye is about ________________ in diameter, and only the anterior ___________ is visible. Please name 5 Accessory Structures to the Eye: The Eyelid is also called the _______________________. separates the eyelids. The ___________________________ The ___________________________ is an elevation at medial commissure, and it contains oil and sweat glands that make a whitish oily secretion (not tears). The _____________________ are the internal supporting connective tissue sheet of the eyelid. The _____________________________________ gives the upper eyelid mobility, and it opens the eyelid. The _______________________________ closes the eye when it contracts. The ____________________________ of the _________________ are richly innervated by nerve endings that initiate reflex blinking. Please name 3 types of lubricating glands associated with the Eyelid: The conjunctiva is a __________________ membrane; the ____________________ conjunctiva lines the eyelids and the _______________conjunctiva covers the white of the eyes. The ________________________________ is where contact lenses fit into the eye and medications are often administered at its _______________ recess. Tears are secreted by the ____________________________. Tears __________________________ the eye surface as they____________________________ it. Tears are dilute saline solution containing ___________________, ________________________ and ___________________________ (an enzyme that destroys bacteria). Tears enter paired lacrimal ___________________ via the lacrimal ______________, and tears drain into the _____________________ duct. While enhanced tearing washes away substances ___________________ the eye, the importance of ___________________ tears is poorly understood. Six strap-like ______________________________muscles ___________________ from the __________________________ of the bony orbit and ______________ into the outer surface of the eye. These muscles enable the eye to _____________________________________. Please name the 6 Extrinsic eye muscles: 2 The ______________________________ muscle passes through the ___________________ before inserting into the superior lateral aspect of the eye. Please Label the Figure below: What are the 3 Layers of the Eyeball? The internal cavity of the eye is filled with fluids called ____________________. The ________________ separates the internal cavity into anterior and posterior segments. What are the 2 regions of the Fibrous Layer? The _______________ is avascular and bends light as it enters the eye. The _________________ is the only tissue in the body that can be transplanted to another person with _______________________________________ . The Vascular Layer, also called the ___________________ is the ________________________ layer. The ________________________ supplies __________________to all layers of the eyeball. It contains a _____________________ that absorbs light to prevent “visual confusion.” 3 What are the 3 parts of the Ciliary Body? The ________________ is the colored part of the eye, and although ___________ come in different colors, they only contain ___________________ pigment. The ________________ is the central opening of the iris that regulates the _________________________ entering the eye. For close vision and in bright light ____________________________ (__________________ muscles) contract and pupils constrict. For distant vision and in dim light ___________________ (______________ muscles) contract and pupils dilate. Pupils ____________________ when the subject matter is appealing or requires problem-solving skills. What are the 2 Layers of the Retina? The ____________________ of the Retina contains _______________________ that transduce light energy. What does transduce mean? Please name the 5 types of neural cells found in the Retina. Please Label the Figure below: The Optic Disc creates a __________________________ where there are no ____________________________________ and vision is not possible. What “fills in” the blind spot? 4 The ___________________ are numerous at peripheral region of retina, away from the __________________________. The _______________ operate in ______________light, and provide indistinct, ____________________ peripheral vision. The _________________________ are found in the and macula lutea and concentrated in the _____________________ . The _______________ operate in ____________________ and provide ___________________________________ vision. What are the 2 sources of blood supply to the Retina? The lens and __________________________________separate the anterior and posterior segments. The posterior segment contains _____________________________ that _________________ light and contributes to ____________________________________. The anterior segment contains the __________________________ which is a _________________________________ fluid that is filtered from the capillaries of the ___________________________; it drains via the ________________________ (canal of Schlemm) and supplies nutrients and oxygen to the lens, cornea and retina. _________________________ results from compression of the retina and optic nerve if drainage of the aqueous humor is blocked, and the eventual result is _________________. Please Label the Figure below: 5 6