Notes Section 5.3
Bacteria can be removed from liquids by
filtering, but Viruses cannot because they
are too small. ( Bacteria are bigger than
viruses)
Viruses: name Latin meaning slimy
liquid or poison. They are disease
causing particles.
Viruses genetic material is contained in a
capsid (shell)
They come in many shapes and sizes.
Similar to living things because:
*can reproduce using a host,
*protein coat is similar to a cell
membrane, and
*they have DNA.
Different from living things:
Does not grow
Does not respond to its environment.
Multiply inside living cells:
Host cells- cells that viruses infect.
Viruses can infect any living organism
including bacteria. (bacteriophage)
Steps of reproduction:
Attachment
Inject (DNA)
Production (genetic material copies itself
inside cell)
Assembles (assembles new viruses)
Releases (cell is destroyed)
Or can:
Virus can Stay inside the cell and use it
for production or it can release one at a
time like an assembly line.
Viruses use Material, energy, and
process of living cells.
`Known viruses
Common Cold- Rhino Virus
AIDS/HIV
Polio
Smallpox
Influenza(1918-H1N1 killed 35 million)
Plant viruses- stunt plant growth and kill
plants.
Paramecium-Cilia
Amoeba-Phalanges
Euglena-Flagellum
5.4 Protists
Protists include all organisms that have
cells and do not belong to the animal,
plant or fungi group.
- 50million years old
- Live mostly in water
- Discovered by Leeuwenhoek
- They can be single celled or simple
structures with many cells.
- Live in moist environments
- `Energy from – Sunlight, eating
others, and absorbing nutrients.
- Includes
- 1. Algae- red, brown, or green. Uses
sunlight- gives off O2.
- 2. Seaweed- Multicellular, Floats.
- 3. Slime Molds- attach to surfacesincludes water molds, plasmodial
slime molds (lace).
- 4. Parasites- can cause disease.
- 5. Diatoms- single celled, float,
hardshell, nucleus, chloroplasts.
- 6. Euglena-(have flagella)Switches
modes.
- Use Photosynthesis and Eat.
- 7.Volvox- Green- hallow ball cells
that break off , simple multicellular
organisms.
- 8. Plankton- all organisms that float
in the water. Uses photosynthesis.
Provides O2.
- 9. Protozoa- Single celled , eat others,
use chemicals to recognize their food,
swim rapidly ( Cilia). Some have
flagella. (ex. Amoeba Oozes around
food)
- 10.Paramecium- have Cilia to aid in
movement