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Business Law Chapter 15 Study Guide
True/False
Indicate whether the statement is true or false.
1. The doctrine of employment-at-will is based on the principle that an
employer or employee should be able to end an employment relationship
at any time without penalty.
2. The Landrum-Griffin Act of 1959 was the first federal law dealing with
collective bargaining.
3. The Employee Polygraph Protection Act prevents employers from using
lie detector tests to screen employees except in certain cases.
4. The Civil Rights Act of 1991 makes it unlawful to discriminate against
women because of pregnancy or childbirth.
5. The law protects workers from being fired based solely on their age.
6. Most U.S. employment laws apply to citizens who are working for
American companies overseas.
7. The Norris-LaGuardia Act (1932) outlawed yellow dog contracts.
8. The purpose of the EPA is to inspect workplaces at random to ensure
employees are safe.
9. The Fair Labor Standards Act regulates the employment of minors.
10. The Texas Workforce Commission protects the privacy of state workers
when they are employed in government jobs.
Multiple Choice
Identify the choice that best completes the statement or answers the question.
11. A broad legal principle stating that people may not do anything that
injures society at large is the principle of
a. public policy.
c. employment-at-will.
b. wrongful discharge.
d. civic protection.
12. Requiring unions to give a 60-day notice before calling a strike is part of
the
a. Wagner Act.
c. Landrum-Griffin Act.
b. Taft-Hartley Act.
d. Fair Labor Standards Act.
13. Under Title VII of the Civil Rights Act of 1964, interviewers MAY ask
applicants questions about
a. race.
c. marital status.
b. religion.
d. work experience.
14. The Immigration Reform Act makes employers responsible for
a. ensuring that all employees have written work permits.
b. hiring 5% of their workforce from outside the United States.
c. keeping a special file on all nonimmigrant visa holders.
d. verifying the identity of all employees.
15. Indirect discrimination occurs when an employer makes a hiring decision
based on
a. a qualification that is related to job performance.
b. the race or sex of the applicant.
c. a qualification that is not related to job performance.
d. the age of the applicant.
16. A government program providing continuing income to workers and their
dependents when they retire or are disabled is called the
a. Social Security Act.
b. Employment Retirement Income Security Act.
c. Unemployment Compensation Act.
d. Family and Medical Leave Act.
17. When an employer has said, written, or done something that leads an
employee to reasonably believe he or she is not an employee-at-will, it is
called a(n)
a. public policy tort.
c. implied covenant.
b. implied contract.
d. promissory estoppel.
18. The law requiring employers to negotiate wages, hours, and conditions of
employment with unions is called the
a. Norris-LaGuardia Act.
c. Taft-Hartley Act.
b. Wagner Act.
d. Landrum-Griffin Act.
19. Which of the following is NOT a responsibility of OSHA?
a. inspecting workplaces at random
b. investigating written employee complaints
c. investigating workplace disasters
d. regulating wages, hours, and benefits
20. Work-related accidents and death on the job became a serious problem
a. when machines were introduced into industry.
b. as workers began to increase the number of hours worked per day.
c. before unions began to protect the workers.
d. when employees were required to bring their own tools to the
worksite.
Completion
Complete each statement.
21. The Wagner Act of 1935 created the ____________________ to hear
complaints about unfair labor practices.
22. Employment relationships are based on the ____________________, or
promise, that the employer and employee will be fair and honest with one
another.
23. The ____________________ exception arises when an employer has said,
written, or done something to lead the employee to reasonably believe that
he or she is not an at-will employee.
24. The ____________________ Act prevents a labor union from
featherbedding.
25. If a drug test is given improperly, it can violate the
____________________ Amendment to the U.S. Constitution.
26. Employees have the right to health and ____________________
protections in the workplace.
27. The ____________________ was created to protect the environment and
human health from exposure to hazardous chemicals and waste.
28. Employees who believe they have been discriminated against while
interviewing for a job may file a complaint with the
____________________.
29. The ____________________ of 1990 forbids discrimination on the basis
of a disability as long as the disabled person can do the essential functions
of the job.
Matching
Match each term with its definition.
a. employment-at-will
f.
b. union
g.
c. collective bargaining
h.
d. disparate treatment
i.
e. disparate impact
j.
public policy tort
implied covenant
employment contract
unemployment compensation
workers’ compensation
30. A process in which union and management representatives work together
on such issues as wages, working conditions, and hiring policies
31. A legal theory that permits discharged employees to bring a wrongful
discharge suit against a former employer based on the fact that it hurt the
population at large
32. Can prevent people from leaving a job whenever they want and working
for whomever they want
33. An insurance program that provides income for workers who are injured
on the job
34. A doctrine that states an employer is permitted to discharge an employee
at any time, for any or no reason, with or without notice
35. A system of government payments to people who are out of work and
looking for a job
36. A legal argument that says any employment relationship is based on a
promise that the employer and employee will be fair and honest with each
other
37. An organization of employees that is formed to promote the welfare of its
members
38. When an employer has an employment policy that seems neutral on the
surface but has an unfair impact on members of a protected class
39. When an employer intentionally discriminates against an individual
belonging to a protected class
Short Answer
40. What is employment-at-will? Discuss the rights and duties of employers
and employees.