What were 5 reasons for
westward expansion?
1.
2.
3.
4.
free land
railroad
gold and silver
adventure and
opportunity
5. cattle
What two companies built Union Pacific & Central
the transcontinental
Pacific
railroad?
Where did the Central
built from California east
Pacific begin building
by the Chinese
from and who worked for
the company?
Where did the Union
built from Nebraska west
Pacific begin building
by African-Americans, the
from and who worked for Irish and Germans
the company?
Where did the eastern
Promontory Point, Utah
portion and the western
portion of the TCR meet?
Who drove in the final
golden spike to complete
the TCR?
Leland Stanford, the
Governor of California
What did the Homestead
Act do?
gave anyone 160 acres of
land if they would live on
the land and farm it for
five years
What were some
challenges the farmers
faced?
no rain, too much rain,
grasshoppers, deep snow,
dry soil, children missed
school
What were some
dry farming, wind mills,
inventions and adaptations barbed wire, reaper, steel
farmers created to make
plow, sod houses
living on the farm easier?
Who was an exoduster?
An African-American (exslave) who moved west
for land and opportunity
Who was a rancher?
Person who raised cattle
What was the long drive? Trail on which cattle were
lead to be slaughtered
What were some
challenges the cowboys
faced on the long drive?
Violent storms, wind, rain,
moving rivers, stampedes,
rustlers, hot sun,
discrimination, and 15
hours on the saddle
What are longhorns?
Popular type of cattle
What was at Pike’s Peak?
What was the slogan for
Pike’s Peak?
Why was the discovery at
Pike’s Peak so
important?
 Found lots of gold
 “Pikes Peak or Bust”
 this began the “Gold
Rush”
What was the Comstock
Lode?
What happened after
Henry Comstock sold the
lode?
 A large find of silver
 The large companies
made a lot of money
What was a boomtown?
A town that sprung up
around the mining site;
had saloons, funeral
parlors, and casinos
What effect did women
have on boomtowns?
Women created schools,
stores, hospitals and
entertainment
Who were the vigilantes? People who took the law
into their own hands in a
boomtown
What was a ghost town?
What were the challenges
on the trail for the
cowboys?
What was the purpose of
branding?
A boomtown after
everyone left
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Wind
Rain
Hot sun
Violent storms
Crossing fast rivers
15 hours on a saddle
stampeded
rustlers
discrimination
Ranchers were able to
know who each cow
belonged to
What was the Homestead Gave 160 acres land for
Act?
free to anyone who would
farm it and live on it for 5
years
What was an exoduster?
an African-American who
traveled west to get land
or adventure
What was a sodbuster?
Name for a farmer who
broke up the sod to build
their homes and farm
What were the challenges
the farmers faced?
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No rain
Too much rain
Grasshoppers
Children missed school
Deep snow
Dry soil
What were the
inventions/adaptations the
farmers create to make life
easier?
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
Steel plow
Mechanical reaper
Barbed wire
Dry farming
Wind mill
Irrigation (getting water to the crops)
Why was the creation of Made travel and shipping
the transcontinental (TCR) goods easier, quicker and
cheaper
railroad so important?
Who worked for the
Central Pacific Railroad
and where did it begin?
Chinese
Who worked for the
Union Pacific Railroad
and where did it begin?
Irish, African-Americans,
Germans
Where did the two tracks
of the TCR meet?
Promontory Point, Utah
California
Nebraska
Who drove in the final
Leland Stanford
golden spike of the TCR?
How did the Native
Americans use the
buffalo?
jerky
teepees (shelter)
clothes
blankets
shoes
Why did the railroad
companies hire William
Cody?
William Cody was also
known as
Buffalo Bill.
The buffalo got in the way
of the trains and ruined
the tracks.
What is a treaty?
A treaty is
an agreement between the
people on the two sides of
an argument
Who fought at the Battle
of Little Bighorn?
What happened at the
Battle of Little Bighorn?
Who fought at the battle
of Wounded Knee?
What happened at the
battle of Wounded Knee?
What is a reservation?
What is the significance of
Chief Joseph’s quote, “I
will fight no more
forever”?
Battle of Little Bighorn
Who:
General George Custer (U.S. Army)
Sioux Leader-Crazy horse
What happened?
The U.S. was overly confident and was
defeated by the Native Americans lead by
Crazy Horse—
General Custer was killed
“Custer’s last stand”
Battle of Wounded Knee
Who:
U.S. Army
Sioux Leader-Crazy Horse
What happened?
U.S. army thought the Ghost Dance
performed by the Native Americans meant
they wanted to go to war-the U.S. Army
killed over 300 Native Americans
including women and children-Crazy
Horse is killed
A reservation is
land set aside for Native
Americans
Chief Joseph lead the Nez Perce and said, “I
will fight no more forever, “ after he tried to
lead his tribe to Canada and escape being
placed on a reservation
What was the Dawes Act? The Dawes Act tried to
Americanize the Native
Americans-took away
their religion, language,
living style and customs
What lead to the
destruction of Native
American culture?
Lead to the end of Native American
culture…
1.Dawes Act
2.reservations
3.buffalo killed
4.transcontinental railroad
5.white settlers moving west
6.boomtowns