Progressivism Under
Roosevelt and Taft
Goal 7
Essential Idea

Theodore Roosevelt is known as the
progressive president who used regulation
to help the American people.
TR

After President
___________________
was
___________________
in 1901,
___________________
became president.
Roosevelt is known for
being
_________________
and highly
_______________.
Social Darwinist AND Progressive?




Roosevelt believed in BOTH Social Darwinism and
Progressivism
TR’s Foreign Policy:
Social DarwinismTR believed that the United States and other countries
were in competition (survival of the fittest)
Domestically Progressive
•
•
•
Domestic Policy:
ProgressivismTR believed the
government
should balance the
needs of ALL
groups of people
Making a Square Deal


Roosevelt said, “I will
see to it that ________
man has a
________________, no
less and no more.”
Roosevelt’s reforms
became known as the
_______________.
Roosevelt was not
against all
____________, but
against trusts that
___________ the
___________.
Northern Securities v. United States
•
•
•
•
•
TR’s Reforms: The Square Deal
Issue #1: Northern Securities v.
United States
The problem: Northern Securities
(owned by J.P. Morgan) was a
trust that violated the Sherman
Anti-trust Act
Roosevelt had his attorney general
sue Northern Securities, and the
Supreme Court broke up the
company.
TR became popular and was
nicknamed the “trustbuster”
Anthracite Coal Strike of 1902



Issue #2: Anthracite Coal
Strike of 1902
The problem: coal miners
went on strike, which
caused prices to rise and
hurt people who NEEDED
coal for jobs or heat
Roosevelt threatened to use
the military against the
miners until the union
agreed to arbitration with
the mine owners
A Square Deal
Both incidents
involved Roosevelt
protecting
Americans against
the interests of a
private group
 The Square Deal

Expanding Government Regulation


Roosevelt did not want to
break up big business, only
REGULATE it
He created the Department
of Labor and Commerce
(two separate departments
today) to keep big
business activities PUBLIC
to help stop abuses
Gentlemen’s Agreements


Many big businesses were afraid of public
embarrassment and offered to let the government
inspect them
The two sides came together using “gentleman’s
agreements”, where the government agreed to
PRIVATELY inform businesses of needed corrections
so they could avoid going to court
Hepburn Act


_____________________ - passed in
1906, this act _________________ the
____________ of the
________________________________,
allowing them to set
_________________ rates.
Who did this help?
Reaction to The Jungle
One of the muckrakers, Upton
Sinclair, wrote “The Jungle”, which
exposed the corruption of the
meat-packing industry
Two laws came as a reaction to
Sinclair’s book:
Meat Inspection Act




Established the federal inspection of
meat
Pure Food and Drug Act


Prohibited manufacture, sale, or
shipment of impure or falsely labeled
food or drugs
TR’s Legacy

Roosevelt’s ___________ - used the
___________ government to
__________ Americans through
______________. He also
________________ the power of the
__________ government.
Election of 1908

The Election of 1908 was between
_______________________ and
______________________.
__________________ had hand-picked
_______ to be his ________________.
Since ________________ was so
_____________, Taft easily _____ the
election.
How close was the election?
 What area voted for William Jennings Bryan?
 What area do you think liked Teddy Roosevelt,
and how do you know?


A Poor Successor
Taft was not the
______________
that
________________
hoped he would be.
By the end of his
term, some
Americans believed
Taft had “sold the
________________
down the
_________.”
Taft’s Accomplishment




One major
accomplishment of Taft
was that he established
the Children’s Bureau
At the time, it
publicized the problems
of child labor
Roosevelt and Taft
Today, it deals with
abuse prevention,
adoption, and child care