Unit A Medical Terminology
Abbreviations
A. stat
B. VS
C. Rx
D. prn
E. HS
F. NPO
G. po
H. bid
I. q2h
J. amb
K. mg
L. mL
M. L
N. cc
O. tsp
P. EKG
Q. D/C
R. EEG
S. DNR
T. >
U. <
Root words
aden
arter
arthr
bio
bronch
carcin
cardi
cephal
cerebr
chem.
chol
cost
cyst
cyt
derm
enter
erythro
gast
gingiv
gloss
hem
hepat
hydro
hyster
lingu
lith
myo
nephr
ren
neur
ocul
ophthalm
pneum
psych
rhin
thorac
trach
Prefixes
a, an
anti
bi
brady
contra
dys
endo
epi
ex
hemi
hyper
hypo
inter
intra
leuko
micro
neo
peri
poly
post
pre
pro
semi
sub
tach
Suffixes
algia
centesis
ectomy
emia
genetic, genic
gram
graph
ic
itis
lysis
megaly
ologist
ology
oma
orrhea
osis
otomy
path
phobia
plasty
plegia
sclerosis
scope
spasm
stasis
uria
Unit B History and Trends of Health Care
4000 BC – 3000 BC Primitive Times
1. Illness and diseases were a __________________________________
2. Tribal witch doctors treated illness with __________________________
___________________ used as medicines (morphine and digitalis)
3. Trepanation or trephining
3000 BC – 300 BC Ancient Egyptians
4. Physicians were _____________________________
5. Bloodletting or _______________________ used as medical treatment
1700 BC – AD 220 Ancient Chinese
6. Used therapies such as _____________________________
1200 BC –200 BC Ancient Greeks
7. First to _______________________________________ and the effects of disease – led to modern medical
sciences.
8. Believed illness is a result ____________________________________
9. Used therapies such as massage, art therapy, and herbal treatment
753 BC – AD 410 Ancient Romans
10. Established ___________________ (caring for solders in their homes)
11. First public health and sanitation systems by building _____________________
_______________________________________________________
AD 400 – AD 800 Dark Ages
1. Began after the fall of ______________________________
2. Emphasis on ________________________ and study of medicine was prohibited
3. Monks and priests treated patients with prayer
AD 800 – AD 1400 Middle Ages
1. Renewed interest in medical practices of Greek and Romans
______________________ killed 25-75% of population in Europe and Asia
AD 1350 – AD 1650 Renaissance
1. Dissection of body led to increased understanding of_________________________
2. Invention of __________________ allowed medical knowledge to be shared
16th, 17th, and 18th Centuries
1. Cause of disease still not known – many people died from _______________
2.Invention of the _____________________ allowed physicians to see disease-causing organisms.
______________________ led to development of pharmacies
3. First vaccination developed _________________________________
19th Century
1. Formal training for ___________________began
2. ______________________ developed once microorganisms were associated with disease
3. __________________discovered in 1892
4___________________ became active participants in health care
20th Century
1. Increased knowledge about the role of blood in the body
a. _____________________________ discovered
b. Found out how __________________________ protect against disease
2. New medications were developed
a. _____________discovered and used to treat diabetes
b. ________________________developed to fight infections
c. Vaccines were developed
3. New machines developed
a. ________________________________
b. ________________________________
4. Surgical and diagnostic techniques developed to cure once fatal conditions
a. _________________________
b. _________________________
c. Implanted first artificial heart
5. Health Care Plans developed to help pay the cost of care
a. ________________________________ marked the entry of the federal government into the health care
arena
b. HMOs provided an alternative to private insurance
c. Hospice organized for _______________________________
People in History
1. Hippocrates (c. 460 – 377 BC) a Greek physician known as the “_____________________”
He authored code of conduct for doctors known as the _____________________________
which is the basis of medical practice today. He ___________________________
and
stressed importance of good diet, fresh air, cleanliness, and exercise
2. Anton van Leeuwenhoek (1632-1723) Invented the _______________________ that
allowed
visualization of organisms. He scraped his teeth and observed the __________________________________________________
3. Benjamin Franklin (1706-1790) Invented ______________________ and found that colds
___________________________________________________________________________
4. Edward Jenner (1749-1823) Developed a vaccination for_____________________ in 1796
5. Rene Laennec (1781-1826) Invented the _____________________ 1819, made of wood
6. Elizabeth Blackwell (1821-1910) First __________________________ in the United States
7. Florence Nightingale (1820-1910) Known as the “______________________________”
Established efficient and sanitary nursing units during the ________________ in 1854
Invented the ____________________ and use of dumbwaiters to deliver meals and began
the professional education of nurses
8. Louis Pasteur (1822-1895) Known as the “_______________________________”. His
germ theory
proved that microorganisms cause disease. Proved that heat can be used to destroy germs through a process called
_____________________________. Created a vaccine for ___________________ in 1885. Founded the basic rules
for sterilization
9. Joseph Lister (1827-1912) Used _______________ on wounds to kill germs and was the first doctor to use an
__________________________ during surgery
10. Clara Barton (1821-1912) Volunteer nurse for wounded soldiers during the Civil
War. After Civil War, established a bureau of records to search for missing men. Campaigned for the USA to sign the
Treaty of Geneva, which provided relief for sick and wounded soldiers
Formed _________________________ in 1881 and served as its first president
11. . Robert Koch (1843-1910) 1. Developed the __________________ method to identify
Pathogens. Isolated the bacterium that causes _________________________
12. Wilhelm Roentgen (1845-1923) Discovered roentgenograms or _______________ in 1895 which let doctors
see inside the body, he first X-rayed __________________________
12. Sigmund Freud (1836-1939) Discovered the conscious and unconscious part of the _____
His studies were the basis for ______________________________________________
13. Sir Alexander Fleming (1881-1955) Discovered _______________in 1928 which is considered one of the
___________________________discoveries of the ________________
14. Jonas Salk (1914-1995) and Albert Sabin (1906 – 1993) Discovered ________________
Saved many people from this virus that paralyzed thousands of adults and children
15. Francis Crick and James Watson- Described the ________________ and how it carries
genetic information in 1953. Built a three-dimensional model of the molecules of DNA for
this they shared
the _____________________________in 1962
16. Christian Barnard - Performed first successful ______________ transplant in 1968
17. Ben Carson- Famous for his surgeries to separate _____________________________
He is currently Director of Pediatric Neurosurgery at John Hopkins. He has refined hemispherectomy, a surgery on the
brain to stop seizures
TRENDS IN HEALTH CARE
Cost containment
1. Reasons for high health care costs are __________________________________________
___________________________________________________________________________
2. Methods of cost containment include ________________________ or (DRG), ____________________ of services,
Outpatient services, . Mass or bulk purchasing, and early intervention and _____________________ services
B. Home health care
C. Geriatric care
1. Types of facilities______________________________________________________
2. Omnibus Budget Reconciliation Act (OBRA)
D. Telemedicine
E. Wellness
1. Physical wellness
2. Emotional wellness
3. Social wellness
4. Mental and intellectual wellness
5. Spiritual Wellness
6. Holistic Health
F. Alternative and Complementary Methods of Health Care
1. Ayurvedic practitioners
2. Chinese medicine practitioners
3. Chiropractors
4. Homeopaths
5. Hypnotists
6. Naturopaths
Unit C Health Care Systems
Hospitals
1. General hospitals ex __________________________________________________
2. Specialty hospitals ex___________________________________________________
3. Government hospitals ex ________________________________________________
4. University or college medical centers ex______________________________________
B. Long-term care facilities
1. Nursing homes or geriatric homes
2. Extended care facilities or skilled care facilities
3. Independent living and assisted living facilities
C. Medical offices- goal is to provide ___________________, _________________, ____________________, may
also provide basic laboratory testing, minor surgery
2. Specialties (Examples include: Pediatrics, Cardiology, and Obstetrics)
D. Dental offices
E. Clinics or satellite centers
1. Surgical clinics or surgicenters
2. Urgent or emergency care clinics
3. Rehabilitation clinics
4. Specialty clinics
5. Outpatient clinics
6. Health department clinics
7. Medical center clinics
F. Optical centers
G. Emergency care services
1. Ambulance services
2. Rescue squads
3. Helicopter or airplane
H. Laboratories
1. Medical- do __________________________________________________
2. Dental- do__________________________________________________
I. Home health care- Provide in _________________________________________________
J. Hospice - Care for terminally ill individuals, Goal is to _____________________________
_____________________________________________________________________
K. Mental health facilities
L. Genetic counseling centers, Performing prenatal screening tests, Checking for genetic abnormalities and birth
defects
M. Rehabilitation facilities - Services may include physical, occupational, recreational, speech, and hearing therapy,
The goal is to ______________________________________________
N. Health maintenance organizations
1. Preventive health care
2. Basic medical services
3. Health education
O. Industrial health care centers
1. Basic employee examinations
2. Teaching accident prevention and safety
3. Providing emergency care
P. School health services
Government agencies
1. World Health Organization (WHO) Run by _______________________________
Concerned with ____________________________________________________
2. U.S. Department of Health and Human Services
(USDHHS) (The umbrella) run by ______________________________________
3. National Institutes of Health (NIH) concerned with ______________________________
4. Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) is concerned with _________________
___________________________________________________________________________
5. Food and Drug Administration (FDA) is concerned with _____________________________
6. Agency for Health Care Policy and Research (AHCPR) _____________________________
7. Occupational Safety and Health Administration (OSHA)_____________________________
8. Health departments Provide what tryes of services_________________________________
___________________________________________________________________________
Voluntary or nonprofit Agencies
1. American Cancer Society
2. American Heart Association
3. American Respiratory Disease Association
4. American Diabetes Association
5. National Association of Mental Health
6. National Foundation of the March of Dimes
7. American Red Cross
8. HOSA
Health Insurance plans
1. Deductibles ______________________________________________
2. Co-insurance______________________________________________
3. Co-payment_______________________________________________
4. Premium ________________________________________________
B. Health Maintenance Organization (HMO)
C. Preferred Provider Organization (PPO)
D. Medicare takes care of ________________________________________________
1. Type A
2. Type B
E. Medicaid takes care of ______________________________________________
F. Workers’ Compensation takes care of __________________________________
G. TRICARE takes care of _____________________________________________
H. Managed Care primary goal is ________________________________________
Unit D Personal Qualities of a Health Care Worker
Personal appearance
1. Good health includes Diet, ________, ______________, Good posture, and avoiding
______________________________________________________
Professional appearance
a. Uniform all include ____________________________________, Personal hygiene is important and includes
____________________________________________________
f. Nails should be _______________________________________________________
g. Hair should be _______________________________________________________
h. Jewelry includes ______________________________________________________
i. Makeup SHOULD ______________________________________________________
Personal characteristics- define
1. Empathy___________________________________________________
2. Honesty____________________________________________________
3. Dependability________________________________________________
4. Willingness to learn __________________________________________
5. Patience _________________________________________________
6. Acceptance of criticism ___________________________________________
7. Enthusiasm ___________________________________________________
8. Self-motivation ____________________________________________
9. Tact __________________________________________________________
10. Competence ____________________________________________________
11. Responsibility ____________________________________________________
12. Discretion _____________________________________________________________
13. Team Player ____________________________________________________________
Communication give an example of
1. Verbal _______________________________________________________________
2. Nonverbal ___________________________________________________________
B. Communication process
1. Sender
draw the communication model
2. Message
3. Receiver
4. Feedback
Factors that interfere with communication
1. The message must be _____________________
2. The sender must deliver the message in a _________________________________manner
3. The receiver must be able to ___________ and ______________________ the message
4. The receiver must be able to ________________________the message
5. Interruptions or distractions must be ____________________________
Listening
1. Show interest and concern for what the speaker is saying
2. Be alert and maintain eye contact with the speaker
3. Avoid interrupting the speaker
4. Pay attention to what the speaker is saying
5. Avoid thinking about how you are going to respond
6. Try to eliminate your own prejudices and see the other person’s point of view
7. Eliminate distractions by moving to a quiet area for the conversations
8. Watch the speaker closely to observe actions that may contradict what the person is saying
9. Reflect statements back to the speaker to let the speaker know that statements are being heard
10. Ask questions if you do not understand part of a message
11. Keep your temper under control and maintain positive attitude
E. Non-verbal communication
1. Facial expressions ex _____________________________
2. Body language ex __________________________________
3. Gestures ex________________________________________
4. Eye contact
5. Touch to convey messages or ideas
F. Barriers to communications
1. Physical disabilities ex ___________________________________________________
2. Psychological barriers ex_________________________________________________
Recording and reporting
1. Sense of sight
2. Sense of smell
3. Sense of touch
4. Sense of hearing
5. Subjective observations
6. Objective observations
7. The Health Insurance Portability and Accountability Act ( HIPAA ) insures patient
_____________________________________
Teamwork
1. All team members work together to: I_____________________the needs of the patient
Offer opinions on the____________________type of care, . Suggest additional professionals who might be able to
assist with specific needs
2. The leader’s responsibilities include: _________________________ the team’s activities
Encouraging _____________ to share ideas and give opinions, and Motivating all team members to work
______________________________, Assisting with problems, Monitoring the progress of the team, Providing
reports and feedback to all team members on the effectiveness of the team.
3. Methods to develop good interpersonal relationships include:
a. Maintain a positive attitude and learn to laugh at yourself
b. Be friendly and cooperate with others
c. Assist others when you see that they need help
d. Listen carefully when another person is sharing ideas or beliefs
e. Respect the opinions of others even though you may not agree with them
f. Be open-minded and willing to compromise
g. Avoid criticizing other team members
h. Learn good communication skills so you can share ideas, concepts, and knowledge
i. Support and encourage other team members
j. Perform your duties to the best of your abilities
B. Professional leadership
1. Characteristics
a. Respects the rights, dignity, opinions, and abilities of others
b. Understands the principles of democracy
c. Works with a group and guides the group toward a goal
d. Understands own strengths and weaknesses
e. Displays self-confidence and willingness to take a stand
f. Communicates effectively and states ideas clearly
g. Shows self-initiative and a willingness to work
h. Completes tasks
i. Shows optimism
j. Is open-minded and can compromise
k. Praises others and gives credit to others
l. Is dedicated to meeting high standards
2. Types
a. Democratic – is _____________________________________________________
b. Laissez-faire – is ____________________________________________________
c. Autocratic- is _______________________________________________________
A. Identify stressors
1. What the event was
2. Why you feel stress
3. How much stress you experience
4. Do you have negative or positive feelings
B. Problem-solving method- list In order
1. ______________information or data
2. __________________the problem
3. List possible ____________________
4. Make ____________________
5. _______________ your solution
6______________________ the results
7_______________________ the solution
C. Physical reaction to stress
Stop….. Breathe…..Reflect ….. Choose
D. Stress-reducing techniques- give an example of each
1. Live a healthy lifestyle ___________________________________________________
2. Take a break from stressors ______________________________________________
3. Relax ___________________________________________________________________
4. Escape __________________________________________________________________
5. Relieve tension ____________________________________________________________
6. Rely on others _____________________________________________________________
7. Meditate _________________________________________________________________
8. Use imagery _____________________________________________________________
9. Enjoy yourself _____________________________________________________________
10. Renew yourself ___________________________________________________________
11. Think positively __________________________________________________________
12. Develop outside interests ___________________________________________________
13. Seek assistance or delegate tasks ___________________________________________
14. Avoid too many commitments ________________________________________________
Time Management
1. Skills that allow a person to use time in the best way possible
a. Putting the individual in charge
b. Keeping things in perspective when events are overwhelming
c. Increasing productivity
d. Using time more effectively
e. Improving enjoyment of activities
f. Providing time for relaxing and enjoying life
B. Setting goals
Short term goals____________________________________________________________
Long tern goals ____________________________________________________________
2. Setting effective goals
a. State goals in a __________________________________manner
b. Define goals clearly and precisely
c. ________________________goals
d. ____________________goal down
e. Make sure each goal is at the right level
Creating a time management plan
1. Analyze and prioritize
2. Identify habits and preferences
3. Schedule tasks
4. Make a daily “to do” list
5. Plan your work
6. Avoid distractions
7. Take credit for a job well done
Unit E Careers in Health Care
Types of education- how long and where could you get this degree
1. Associate’s degree__________________________________________________________
2. Bachelor’s degree___________________________________________________________
3. Master’s degree ____________________________________________________________
4. Doctorate or doctoral degree __________________________________________________
B. Certification
C. Registration
D. Licensure
E. Accreditation is important because___________________________________________
F. Continuing education units are needed because _________________________________
G. Education and levels of training
1. Professional take at least ______________ years
2. Technologist or therapist takes at least _______________________________years
3. Technician usually takes about __________________________________
4. Aide or Assistant takes ___________________________________________
H. Trends
1. Multi-competent worker is good because _______________________________________
2. Entrepreneur is someone who _______________________________________________
Dental careers
1. Dentist
2. Dental Hygienist
3. Dental Laboratory Technician
4. Dental Assistant
Diagnostic services
1. Medical Laboratory Technologist
2. Phlebotomist
3. Radiologic Technologist
4. Epidemiologist
5. Biomedical Engineer
6. Skill: Height and weight
7. Skill: Bleeding
C. Emergency medical services
1. Emergency Medical Technician Paramedic
2. Emergency Medical Technician Intermediate
3. Emergency Medical Technician Ambulance/Basic
D. Health information and communication services
1. Medical Record Administrator
2. Medical Transcriptionist
3. Unit Secretary (Ward Clerk)
4. Medical Illustrator
Hospital /Health care facility services
1. Health Care Administrator
2. Central/Sterile Supply Technician
B. Medical careers
1. Physician
a. Doctor of Medicine (MD)
b. Doctor of Osteopathy (DO)
c. Doctor of Podiatry (DPM)
d. Doctor of Chiropractics (DC)
2. Physician specialties- describe what the following Doctor would do
a. Anesthesiologist does _____________________________________________________
b. Cardiologist ______________________________________________________________
c. Dermatologist ____________________________________________________________
d. Gastroenterologist ________________________________________________________
e. Gerontologist ___________________________________________________________
f. Gynecologist _____________________________________________________________
g. Neurologist ______________________________________________________________
h. Obstetrician ______________________________________________________________
i. Oncologist ________________________________________________________________
j. Ophthalmologist ___________________________________________________________
k. Orthopedist _______________________________________________________________
l. Otolaryngologist ____________________________________________________________
m. Pathologist _______________________________________________________________
n. Pediatrician ______________________________________________________________
o. Radiologist _____________________________________________________________
p. Thoracic surgeon ___________________________________________________________
q. Urologist _________________________________________________________________
Therapeutic careers
Physician Assistant (PA, PAC)
1. Occupational Therapist
4. Medical Assistant
2. Occupational Therapy Assistant
Mental/Social services
3. Pharmacist
1. Psychiatrist
4. Pharmacy Technician
2. Psychologist
5. Physical Therapist
3. Social Worker
6. Physical Therapy Assistant
A. Mortuary careers
7. Massage Therapist
1. Mortician
8. Recreational Therapist
2. Embalmer
9. Respiratory Therapist
Nursing careers
10. Speech-Language Therapist/Pathologist
1. Registered nurse (RN)
11. Athletic Trainer
a. Master’s or Doctorate degree
12. Perfusionist
. Veterinary careers
b. Batchelor’s degree
c. Diploma program
1. Veterinarian (DVM)
d. Associate’s degree
2. Veterinary Technician
2. Licensed Practical/Vocational nurse (LPN, LVN)
3. Veterinary Assistant
C. Vision services
3. Nurse Assistant (CNA)
Surgical Technician
1. Ophthalmologist (MD)
E. Nutrition/Dietary services
2. Optometrist (OD)
1. Dietician
3. Ophthalmic Technician
2. Dietetic Assistant
4. Optician
Unit F Legal and Ethical Responsibilities- define
A. Malpractice________________________________________________________________
B. Negligence _______________________________________________________________
C. Assault and battery _________________________________________________________
D. Informed Consent _________________________________________________________
E. Invasion of privacy ________________________________________________________
F. False imprisonment _________________________________________________________
G. Abuse ___________________________________________________________________
H. Defamation ______________________________________________________________
I. Slander ___________________________________________________________________
J. Libel _____________________________________________________________________
A. Understand the elements of a contract
1. Offer__________________ acceptance ____________________, consideration _________
2. List the two types of contracts implied/expressed
3. legal disability is person who _____________________________________________
4. Role of an agent in contract law
B. Privileged communication
1. Written consent
2. Health care records
C. Privacy Act 1. HIPAA (Health Insurance Portability and Accountability Act)
2. Confidentiality
A. Ethics is ___________________________________________________________
1. Principles of right and wrong
2. Dilemmas
3. Ethical code
4. Confidentiality
B. Patients’ Rights
1. Written policies in health care agencies
2 Patients Bill of Rights (American Hospital Association)
3. OBRA Omnibus Budget Reconciliation Act 1987
4. Residents Bill of Rights
C. Advance Directives
1. Living Wills is _________________________________________________________
2. Durable Power of Attorney (POA) is ________________________________________
3. Patient Self Determination Act (PSDA) 1990 insures _______________________________
D. Professional Standards
1. Perform procedures you are trained and legally permitted.
2. Follow step-by-step methods for tasks
3. Obtain proper identification authorization
4. Observe all safety precautions
5. Confidential information
6. Think before you speak
7. Treat all patients equally
8. Accept no bribes or tips
9. Report and error or mistake immediately
10. Behave professionally in dress, language, manners, and actions
Unit G Cultural Diversity
HT07.01 Discuss concepts of ethnicity, culture and race.
A. Concept of individual’s uniqueness
B. Culture is ________________________________________________________________
C. Ethnicity is _______________________________________________________________
D. Race is ______________________________________________________________
E. Cultural diversity is ________________________________________________________
1. Cultural assimilation is ______________________________________________________
2. Acculturation is ___________________________________________________________
3. Sensitivity is _____________________________________________________________
A. Bias is _________________________________________________________________
B. Ethnocentric is a person who ________________________________________________
C. Prejudice is ___________________________________________________________
D. Stereotyping is __________________________________________________________
E. Holistic care is __________________________________________________________
F. Family organization
1. Nuclear family is _______________________________________________________
2. Extended family is __________________________________________________
3. Patriarchal is __________________________________________________________
4. Matriarchal is __________________________________________________________
Languages used in America
2. Techniques for non-English speaking patients
b. Cause: Spirits, demons or punishment from God
H. Personal space and touch
c. Treatment: Prayer or religious rituals
1. Close contact and distant contact cultures
2. Asian
Eye contact
a. Health is balance of yin and yang
J. Gestures
b. Treatment: Herbal remedies, acupuncture
A. United States uses biomedical or “Western” system
c. Believe pain must be endured silently
1. Encouraging patients to learn about their illness
3. European
2. Informing patients about terminal illness
a. Illness caused by outside sources
3. Teaching self-care
b. Treat with medication, surgery, diet, exercise
4. Using medications and technology to cure or treat
4. Hispanic
disease
a. Health is a reward from God, good luck
5. Teaching preventive care
b. Heat and cold remedies to restore balance,
B. Beliefs vary greatly among cultures – although not
prayers, massage
all individuals in a culture believe and follow all the
5. Middle Eastern
customs
a. Health is spiritual, cleanliness essential
C. In United States, increasing use of alternative
b. Males dominate and make decisions on health
therapies
care
D. Individuals have a right to choose their method of
c. Spiritual causes of illness, evil eye
health care
6. Native American
E. Beliefs in certain cultures:
a. Health is harmony with nature
1. South African
b. Illness caused by supernatural forces and evil
a. Maintain harmony of body, mind and spirit
spirits
c. Healer: Medicine man
d. Tolerance of pain signifies strength and power
F. Spiritual Beliefs
1. Spirituality
2. Religion
3. Atheist
4. Agnostic
G. Health care workers determine a patient’s spiritual
needs by talking to the patient
H. Show respect for a patient’s spiritual beliefs and
practices:
1. Willing listener
2. Support for spiritual and religious practices
3. Respect of symbols and books
4. Privacy during clergy visits
5. Refrain from imposing your beliefs on the patient
Unit H Medical Math
HT08.01 Identify and use household and metric units.
A. Length/Distance - Household
1. inch (“ or in)
2. foot (‘ or ft)
3. yard (yd)
B. Capacity/Volume - Household
1. teaspoon (t or tsp)
2. tablespoon (T or tbsp)
3. ounce (oz)
4. cup (C)
5. pint (pt)
6. quart (qt)
C. Mass/Weight - Household
1. ounce (oz )
2. pound ( lb )
D. Metric System
1. Distance/length: meter (m)
2. Volume: liter (L)
3. Mass/weight: gram (g or gm)
4. Common metric prefixes
a. Kilo: 1000 times
b. Centi: 1/100
c. Milli: 1/1000
5. Metric conversions
a. 1 m = 100 cm
b. 1 m = 1000 mm
c. 10 mm = 1 cm
d. 1 L = 1000 mL
e. 1 mL = 1 cc
f. 1 g = 1000 mg
g. 1 kg = 1000 g
HT08.03 Use Roman numerals and the 24 hour clock.
A. Roman numerals
1. I = 1
2. V = 5
3. X = 10
4. L = 50
5. C = 100
6. D = 500
7. M = 1000
B. Military time
1. Time expressed using 4 digits
2. Convert military and traditional time
a. 0100 = 1 am
b. 0530 = 5:30 am
c. 1200 = noon
d. 1400 = 2 pm
e. 2000 = 8 pm
f. 2400 = midnight
g. etc.
HT08.02 Convert among metric and standard
measurements.
A. 1 in = 2.5 cm
B. 39.4 in = 1 m
D. 1 tsp = 5 mL
E. 1 oz = 30 mL
F. 1 qt = 1000 cc
G. 2.2 lb = 1 kg
H. Temperature
1. Celsius to Fahrenheit (0C x 1.8) + 32 = 0F
2. Fahrenheit to Celsius (0F – 32) ÷ 1.8 = 0C