1870-1914
 Hook Video
DEFINITION
The domination by one country of
the political, economic or cultural
life of another country/territory
WHY DID EUROPEANS THINK IT
WAS IMPORTANT TO CONQUER
OTHER COUNTRIES?
 1400-1600: European nations sponsor
missions of exploration
(Gold, Glory & God)
 Establish colonies in the Americas & trade outposts
in Asia & Africa (wealth & trade)
 Christian missionary efforts (knowledge of people &
geography  maps)
WHAT DID FRENCH REVOLUTION &
INDUSTRIAL REVOLUTION HAVE TO
DO WITH IT?
 French Revolution  nationalism & political
competition
 Industrial Revolution  greater wealth, economic
strength & technological advancements 
demand for natural resources & new markets
 Attitude of superiority begins
WHAT WERE EUROPEANS LOOKING
FOR FROM THESE COUNTRIES?
 Industrial needs (rubber, petroleum, manganese,
timber)
 Expand markets (buyers for products)
 Invest in undeveloped regions b/c cheap labor
 Outlet for growing European
population
WHAT WAS HAPPENING AS A
RESULT OF IMPERIALISM?
 BALANCE OF POWER– if one country
seizes control of land, then another country
rushes in to gain control nearby
 Humanitarian goals - share God’s word &
spread industry to improve the lives of nonEuropeans (Social Darwinism)
WHY WAS EUROPE SUCCESSFUL IN
THIS QUEST?
 Technology – Maxim machine gun, repeating rifles,
steam-driven ships (military, communication & travel)
 Advancements in medical knowledge (quinine for
malaria)
 Economic & political strength added to ability to hold
control over land & people in other parts of the world
 Diversity of African languages, tribal customs, loyalty,
& ethnic groups & traditional warfare over land, water
& trade rights  disunity among African people
(similar to indigenous American tribes)
CAUSES AND OUTCOMES
CAUSES
 Industrial
Revolution/French
Revolution
 New markets to sell
goods
 Search for raw
materials/natural
resources
 Racism/Superiority
OUTCOMES
 Decreased local
warfare/breakdown of
traditional cultures
 Boundaries dividing
people
 Loss of population from
disease & unsuccessful
resistances
 2 positive  increased
literacy & improved
infrastructure
COLONY
 Group of people who leave
their native country to form
a settlement in a new land,
still in connection to their mother country
 DIRECT RULE  officials sent from
“mother country” to rule people directly &
impose culture, language, politics, &
economics
 France, Germany, Belgium
PROTECTORATE
 Local rulers are left in place, but accept
advice regarding trade, industry, politics, &
missionaries
 INDIRECT RULE  use of local sultans,
chiefs, & rulers to administer laws & codes
of “mother country”;
encouraged education &
cooperation to prepare for
future of independence
 Britain and US
SPHERE OF INFLUENCE
Area in which an outside power
claims exclusive investment &
trading/economic privilege
CRASH COURSE VIDEO REVIEW:
IMPERIALISM
KNOW WHAT
THIS PICTURE
MEANS!