Legacy of War and the Russian Revolution Agenda 1. Bell Ringer: How was Germany treated after World War I? 2. Notes: Russian Revolution and the legacy of World War I. (20) 3. Video Clip: Russian Revolution (5) 4. League of Nations Discussion (10) 5. Comparing Revolutions (10) 6. Propaganda Analysis: Russian Revolution (15) Final Casualties • Henry Gunther (10:59) • Augustin Trebuchon (10:45) Issues with the League of Nations • Ends up being a weak organization. • United States does not join, the people want isolation. • Bitterness and hatred stew with the German people • Some Allies didn’t receive any support after the war, ex: Japan and Italy. • Mandate System = Colonialism The Costs • Brought war to a global scale. • 8.5 million dead, 21 million wounded. • Countless farmlands and lives destroyed. • Russian Revolution would begin as a result of lives lost in the conflict. • Nazism would base its origins in Germany’s losses during World War I Russian Revolution of 1917 • The rumblings of Revolution began in the 1800s. • Assassinations and revolts were common by the lower class. Alexander III • Takes over after father is assassinated. • Strengthen autocracy, orthodoxy, and nationality. • Censorship codes on all written records. • Even schools were monitored for political dissent. • Pogroms – organized violence against Jews to unify Russian Culture. Nicholas II • Tsar of the Romanov family takes over in 1894. • Refused to surrender any power. • Industry slow to take hold. • Trans-Siberian railway constructed in 1904, Russia is a leading steel industry. Industrialization and Revolution • More factories = poor working conditions, low wages, and child labor. • Two Revolutionaries: – 1903, Mensheviks broad base of popular support for a revolution. – Bolsheviks, small number of committed revolutionaries. • Lenin would lead the Bolsheviks, but flee when he faced arrest in early 1900s. International Affairs • Russo-Japanese War – Japan attacks Russia over broken treaties. They manage to take Manchuria. • Bloody Sunday – 200,000 show up peacefully asking for better wages and working conditions. – Tsar is not at home, guards fire on Civilians, killing 1,000. Russia and World War I • Weak Generals and lack of artillery lead to the civilian population revolting. • Tsar Nicholas attempts to rule near the front, to manage military affairs. • Wife runs government, but follows the elusive Rasputin. • War destroys morale, and with food and supplies dwindling, along with inflation, people began a revolution. The March Revolution • It began with a strike in 1917 over food shortages. • Soldiers given the task of shooting the rioters would join them instead. • The Tsar would abdicate his throne, and a provisional government was interred. • The provisional government continues war and bad policies, and a more radical revolution follows with Lenin. Video Clip Question • Using evidence in the video clip, answer the following question: What were the causes of the Russian Revolution in 1917? Are they similar to other Revolutions we’ve studied since 1750? Why or why not?