World War II (WWII)
1939-1945
Theater
 During
a time of
war, the military
uses the term
“theater” to
refer to a specific
geographical
area.
 WWII had two
theaters:
European and
Pacific.
Fronts
The European
Theater was
broken up into
the Western and
Eastern Front
because the
European
Theater was so
big.
Germany Invades Poland
Presentation
 You
MUST listen to each
presentation and write down the
information for the:
Date
Which countries were involved?
Who won?
Germany Invades Poland
September 1, 1939
What happened?

1st use of “Blitzkrieg” –
coordinated air and tank
attack.

Polish Army was defeated
in a matter of weeks by
Germans and Soviets.

Britain and France
declared War on Germany
to honor their agreement
to protect Poland’s
borders
Importance
Beginning of
WWII
Germany invades France
May 10-22 1940
What happened?

Days after
Germany invades
France, the
German Army
captures Paris

French government
agrees to disband
Importance
 Britain
is now the
only member of
the Allies in
Europe
 The
invasion also
helped strengthen
the Nazi hold
over Europe
Battle of Britain
Presentation
 You
MUST listen to each
presentation and write down the
information for the:
Date
Which countries were involved?
Who won?
Battle of Britain
Started July 1940
What happened?

Air Raids by Germany
against London & other
major cities

Germany wanted to
destroy the Royal Air Force
(RAF) & force Great
Britain to surrender

Germany believed they
couldn’t carry out an
invasion of Great Britain
until the RAF was taken
down
Importance
First defeat of
Hitler’s military
forces
http://safeshare.tv/submit?url=h
ttps%3A%2F%2Fwww.youtube.com
%2Fwatch%3Fv%3DSQ0fGS01Pdg

http://safeshare.tv/v/ss
5706992256fe5
Objectives
 Content:
Analyze primary sources
from Pearl Harbor.
 Language:
Explain the causes and
effects of the bombing of Pearl
Harbor.
Pearl Harbor
December 7, 1941
 Prior
to the conflict,
there was a gradual
change in American
foreign policy
 The
United States was
an isolationist country.
Isolationists believe
the United States
should stay out of
other country’s affairs,
except in cases of selfdefense.
After Hitler
invaded Poland,
President
Roosevelt
announced the
United States
would remain
neutral but he
realized most
Americans
sympathized with
the Allies.
The United States
soon passed the
Lend-Lease Act.
This law, passed in
1941, allowed the
United States to
ship arms and
supplies, without
immediate
payment, to
nations fighting
the Axis Powers.

There was also rising
tensions developing
between the United
States and Japan
because of Japanese
aggression in East
Asia.

The U.S. cut off
shipments of oil after
Japan continued to
invade China
 On
December 7,
1941, Japan
attacked the
United States at
Pearl Harbor
without warning.
 Pearl
Harbor is a
navy base in
Hawaii where the
United States kept
its Pacific Fleet
In less than two
hours, 19 American
ships were sunk or
seriously damaged,
almost 200
American planes
destroyed, and
about 2,400 people
were killed.
http://safeshare.tv/v/vyoIpKGEw8M
 On
December
8, 1941, the
United States
declared war
on Japan.
 Three
days
later, Germany
declared war
on the United
States.
Movie Poster Homework

Create a movie poster
for one of the battles
we have discussed in
World War II.

Your poster MUST have:


Name of the battle
you chose

Picture(s) relating to
that battle
You may NOT have any
derogatory (negative)
language
http://safeshare.tv/v/ss5706
962925515
Out of NINE battleships that were
at Pearl that day we lost two
that arestill in Pearl Harbor (USS
Arizona, Decommissioned 29
December 1941 and the USS
Utah, decommissioned Sept
1944) and one (USS Oklahoma)
that sunk on its way to be cut up
for scrap after it was
decommissioned
Warm Up
 “Kenji”
– Fort Minor
http://safeshare.tv/v/I-L99_omies
Japanese American Internment

There was a heightened Anti-Japanese fear
in the United States as a result of the
bombing of Pearl Harbor

While many Japanese
Americans served in
the armed forces,
others were treated
with distrust and
prejudice, and many
were forced into
internment camps.

As a result of this
distrust, President FDR
signed Executive
Order 9066
1
2
3
4
5
6
Executive Order 9066
 It
allowed the military commanders to
designate “military zones” as
“exclusion zones” from which “any or
all persons could be excluded.”
 The power was used to exclude all
Japanese from the Pacific Coast
 It directed the Army to relocate over
120,000 Japanese Americans to
relocation camps.
 Between
110,000 and 120,000
Japanese were brought to these
internment camps. Most of them
were American citizens.
Battle of Midway
June 1942
What happened?

Japan sent all of their
military to Midway to
launch a surprise
attack on the U.S.
Fleet

U.S. Fleet was waiting
for the Japanese to
show up because of
code breaker success

U.S. defeated the
Japanese in battle
Importance
 Turning
point
of war in the
Pacific
 America
begins to
push Japan
back
Battle of Stalingrad
Begins August 1942, Ends February 1943
What happened?

Germany invaded the Soviet
Union and moved into the
city of Stalingrad

Soviet Union sent 1 million
well supplied soldiers to
surround the city as winter
approached.

The Germans were unable to
receive food and supplies
and were forced to
surrender.
Importance
 Turning
point
of the Eastern
Front of the
war.
 Soviet
Union
beings to push
Germany back
D-Day
June 6, 1944
What happened?

Paratroopers were
dropped into
Normandy, France to
cut off supplies to
the German army.

Huge multinational
coordinated sea to
land invasion

After sustaining
heavy losses, Allied
forces gained
control of the coast
Importance
 Turning
point
of the Western
Front of the
war
 Great
Britain
and U.S.
began to push
Germany back
D Day
What battle does this
represent?
Germany Surrenders

End of War in Europe
German Propaganda and the
Education of German Youth
 Although students attending school
were taught Nazi propaganda, all
children starting at the age of 10 begin
to receive an education specifically
about Nazi beliefs.
German Propaganda and the
Education
of
German
Youth
 Young Folk (ages 10-14)

Hitler Youth and League
of German Girls (14-18)
 Preparation for entry
into the SS, armed
forces, or future
leaders of the Nazi
party. Stressed
physical fitness,
militarism and racism.
German Propaganda and the
Education of German Youth
 Goal
of this education was
to produce race-conscious,
obedient, self-sacrificing
Germans who would be
willing to die for Hitler and
Germany
WWII impact on
the American
Home front
World War II affected
every aspect of American
life
Supporting the war
from The
homefront (3 ways)
Americans at home
supported the war
effort in 3 ways!
1. First was by
conserving and
rationing
resources
2.
Second
was by
planting
victory
gardens
Third was to
buy War Bonds.
3.
Supporting the War

American involvement in World War II brought an
end to the Great Depression.

Factories and workers were in high demand to
produce goods for the war
http://safeshare.tv/v/OROsPVqMeBs
“Rosie the Riveter”
 Thousands of
American women
took jobs in defense
plants during the
war
 The “Rosie the
Riveter” image was
used to empower
women to work in
traditionally male
jobs
In true, iconic fashion, the persona of
Rosie the Riveter preceded the person.
There was no single Rosie, actually, but
several—and two in particular who shaped
the legendary image we now associate
with all the American women who worked
factory jobs during World War II, and
bolstered both the war effort and their own
economic and social power in the process.
Unlikely as it may seem, the story begins
with a song.
The character was first mentioned by name
in a 1942 tune called “Rosie the Riveter”
by Redd Evans and John Jacob Loeb. The
song quickly gained popularity and was
played by many big bands of the day, most
notably one led by Kay Kyser. It tells the
story of a woman working in a factory
during wartime.
https://vimeo.com/64501438
Cartoons also inspired people!
WWII Propaganda activity
Danger at home?
Once aloft, some of the ingeniously designed incendiary devices —
weighted by expendable sandbags — floated from Japan to the U.S.
mainland and into Canada. The trip took several days.
"Distribution of the balloon bombs was quite large," says Nason. They
appeared from northern Mexico to Alaska, and from Hawaii to
Michigan. "When launched — in groups — they are said to have looked
like jellyfish floating in the sky
We do know of one tragic upshot: In the spring of 1945, Powles writes,
a pregnant woman and five children were killed by "a 15-kilogram
high-explosive anti-personnel bomb from a crashed Japanese balloon"
on Gearhart Mountain near Bly, Ore. Reportedly, these were the only
documented casualties of the plot.
The bomb recently recovered in British Columbia — in October 2014 —
"has been in the dirt for 70 years," Henry Proce of the Royal Canadian
Mounted Police told The Canadian Press. "It would have been far too
dangerous to move it."
So how was the situation handled? "They put some C-4 on either side
of this thing," Proce said, "and they blew it to smithereens."
Fighting
Discrimination
The need for
workers temporarily
broke down some
racial barriers (in
defense plants for
example) although
discrimination
against African
Americans continued
Breaking Barriers - Military
 WASPS
- Women’s Airforce Service
Pilots
Trained
Moved
and tested planes
Backup
No

pilots and simulated battles
pilots for first drones
combat
http://youtu.be/GBfaoaAkB7c
Tuskegee Airmen

Were the first African American aviators in the United
States

They were officially the 332nd Army Air Corp fighter
division based in Tuskegee, Alabama

http://safeshare.tv/v/P90ZJ_cNm5I

They were given the nickname “The Red Tails” after they painted the
tails of their aircraft Red in 1944.
http://viewpure.com/BpA6TC0T_Lw
Tuskegee Airmen play
Warm Up:
 Make a list of everything you need to
survive. In other words, if you didn’t
have these things, you would die.
(Cell phones DON’T count!!!)
Holocaust
In 1933, Hitler leads Germany
1935- Nuremberg Laws- boycotts of Jewish
owned shops and businesses.
Nazi boycott signs:
“Germans defend
yourself against
Jewish atrocity
propaganda, buy
only at German
shops.”
1937 Concentration camps opened to
concentrate those against the
government
The Nazis began burning books written by Jews.
Kristallnacht, the “Night of Broken Glass” in 1938,
marked the actual beginning of the Holocaust. 1000
synagogues were set on fire.
The Great Synagogue on Tlomackie Street.
Before . ..
and after the Night of Broken Glass.
1939- Invasion of Poland
A train carrying German troops to Poland says
“We are going to Poland to thrash the Jews.”
German soldiers enjoyed the public
humiliation of Polish Jews.
German soldiers in Poland teach two Jewish
men how to give the Nazi salute correctly.
Jews were
segregated from
the rest of society.
The sign says,
“Jews are
forbidden to walk
on this side of the
street.”
Jews were forced to wear arm badges,
or badges with the Star of David.
Jewish stores also had to be marked with the
Star of David.
Jews could only ride in certain areas of the
streetcar.
1940 Warsaw Ghetto
The ghettoes were closed off from the rest of
the city.
A ghetto ration card entitles
the holder to 300 calories a day.
Jews had to chop furniture
to use as fuel in the ghetto.
A typical room in a ghetto.

Concentration and Work Camps - Intent to
exterminate Jews and others by labor and
service to German war effort
1941 Extermination order given
The Einsatzgruppen were mobile killing squads.
They killed approximately 1,500,000 Jews.
In 1942, Mass killings at Auschwitz begins.
The Nazis opened concentration camps to carry
out the “Final Solution.”
Concentration Camps
At Auschwitz-Birkenau, one million Jews
and one million non-Jews were killed.
A warehouse full of shoes and clothing
confiscated from concentration camp prisoners.
A crate full of rings confiscated from
prisoners.
The inside of a barracks at a concentration
camp.
A prisoner forced
to stand for
hours as
punishment.
Crematoria ovens in a concentration camp.
Containers of
Zyklon B (poison
gas pellets).
The last words of inmates at a death camp
are carved into these walls.
By late 1943, the
Germans began
dismantling
the death camps to
cover up their
crimes. In 1945,
they sent prisoners
walking to central
Germany.
As Allied troops entered the Nazi-occupied
areas, concentration camp survivors were
rescued and liberated.
Young and old
survivors cheered
the approaching
Allied troops.
Slave laborers at one concentration camp
survived in spite of the overcrowding, lack of
food, hard labor and psychological torture.
After the war, Allied forces forced German
civilians to witness the atrocities that had
occurred in their own backyards.
In 1945 -1946 the Germans were tried at the
Nuremberg War Crimes Trials. This brought 22
Nazi officials to court.
1945 Death marches
Holocaust
What Caused It?
 Anti-Semitism –
discrimination
against Jews
and Aryan
superiority
What Was It?
 Systematic attempt to rid Europe
of all undesirables, including:
Jews, Gypsies, homosexuals,
physically and mentally
handicapped
Tactics used by the Nazis
 Boycott of Jewish
stores
 Threats
 Segregation
 Imprisonment and
killing of Jews and
others in
concentration camps
and death camps
How Did It End?
 Jews and others in the
concentration camps were
liberated by the Allied
Forces.
 Germans were held
responsible for actions at
Nuremberg Trials after the
war.
The Holocaust

Definition – The name given to the mass murder of the
Jewish (and other groups of people) during WWII.

Hitler referred to this extermination as “The final
Solution”
Bombing of Hiroshima and
Nagasaki
August 1945
Manhattan Project
 Code
name for the research
and development of the
atomic bomb
 J. Robert Oppenheimer
Physicist
Director
of Los Alamos
research laboratory that
developed first atomic bombs
Albert Einstein
J. Robert Oppenheimer
Trinity Test Site
Harry Truman’s Decision:
Bombing of Hiroshima
 August
6, 1945
 “Little Boy” dropped by the Enola Gay
 Took the lives of 70,000 people that day
and another 70,000 from radiation
exposure within 5 years
http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=t19kvUiHvAE&safety_mode=true&
persist_safety_mode=1&safe=active
http://www.annefrankguide.com/en-GB/content/hiroshima-2f.jpg
Bombing of Nagasaki
August 9, 1945
“Fat Man”
Took the lives of about
40,000 that day and up to
80,000 within a year
Nagasaki
Before
&
After
http://students.umf.maine.edu/~donoghtp/Hiroshima_aftermath.jpg
“A year after the bombing, Hiroshimans had
begun repossessing the plots of rubble where
their houses had once stood. Many had built
crude wooden huts, having scavenged fallen
tiles from ruins to make their roofs. There was
no electricity to light their shacks, and at dusk
each evening, lonely, confused, and
disillusioned, they gathered in an open area
near the Yokogawa railroad station to deal in
the black markets and console each other.”
-John Hersey’s Hiroshima
“In Hiroshima, the early postwar years were,
besides, a time, especially painful for poor
people… of disorder, hunger, greed, thievery,
black markets. Non-hibakusha [survivors of the
bomb] employers developed a prejudice against
the survivors as word got around that they were
prone to all sorts of ailments… most of them
seemed to suffer… from the mysterious but real
malaise that came to be known as one kind of
lasting A-bomb sickness: a nagging weakness and
weariness, dizziness now and then, digestive
troubles…”
- John Hersey’s Hiroshima
Effects of the Bombings on the People

Immediate Death (100,000+, exact number unknown)

Death from fires, falling debris

Burns

Keloids (tumor-like growth of scar tissue)

Radiation exposure:
 some became sick several days later because they had no white
blood cells and their bone marrow deteriorated
 Others developed high fevers, hair loss, inflammation of gums and
mouth
Importance
Emperor
surrendered:
End of the
War in the
Pacific
BBC Video
Re-enactment of the time immediately following the
bombing with interviews of survivors.
The end features interviews with those that were in
the Enola Gay, defending the dropping of the bomb
http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=VvzDSnQCh
6c
http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=Z1Ap6DhEw3w
Post WWII Europe
“Those who cannot remember the past are condemned
to repeat it”
- George Santayana
We learned from our mistake and realized that
we couldn’t end WWII in the same way that we
ended WWI. There had to be major changes to
prevent a WWIII.
World War II
World
War II was the
deadliest war ever.
Over 60 million people
were killed.
War Ends in Europe
 Hitler
realized
defeat was
inevitable
 Hitler
commits
suicide April
1945
 German
Army
surrenders (V-E
Day)
Wars Ends in the Pacific
 Harry
Truman
decided to drop the
atomic bomb
because it would
avoid a large number
of American
casualties
 After the bombing of
Hiroshima and
Nagasaki, Japan
surrendered
 V-J Day: September
2, 1945
What happened to Germany?
 Germany
was divided
into four occupation
zones: United
States, Great
Britain, France, and
the Soviet each
controlled one zone
 Berlin
was also
divided into 4 zones
What happened to Japan?
 Japan
was
occupied by
American forces
 Japan
was not
allowed to keep an
Army
 Their
government
changed