First Aid, CPR and AED
Chapter 3 Notes: p. 9-14
Name: _________________________
Date/Block: ____________________
How do you do a scene size-up? What do you look for?
A quick survey of the scene to determine safety, general type of problem and number of
victims. Always go to the quiet, motionless victim FIRST!
What is a primary check? What does it include?
The first step in dealing with an emergency situation, used to determine life-threatening
conditions.
1. Responsiveness
2. Severe Bleeding
3. Breathing
How do you check responsiveness?
Tap the victim’s shoulder and ask “Are you OK?” If there is no response, the victim is
considered unresponsive.
How do you check for breathing? What are some sounds that would indicate abnormal
breathing?
Look at victim’s chest and face. Sounds of: snoring, gurgling, wheezing, gasping
How do you check for severe bleeding and what do you do to control it?
Scan the body for blood-soaked clothing or blood collecting on the ground. Control it by
putting pressure on the wound.
What is the recovery position and when is it used?
The victim is positioned on their side and used when the victim is vomiting or you need
to leave the victim alone to call 9-1-1 or get help.
What is a secondary check? What does it include?
A secondary check allows the rescuer to do a physical check of the victim using DOTS
and to gather information by asking the questions outlined in SAMPLE.
The DOTS guideline helps you identify keys signs of a problem.
D __Deformities__: Abnormal shapes-broken bones
O __Open Wounds__: Break in the skin, bleeding
T __Tenderness__: Sensitivity, discomfort or pain when touched
S __Swelling__: Body’s response to injury—A build up of fluids around the injured area
To conduct a physical exam, follow these steps:
1. __Head__: DOTS, pupils, ears, nose, mouth
2. __Neck__: DOTS, medical ID necklace
3. __Chest__: DOTS, gently squeeze
4. __Abdomen__: DOTS, gently push to check for tenderness
5. __Pelvis__: DOTS, gently push inward on hips for movement
6. __Extremities__: DOTS, arms and legs
7. __Back__: DOTS, only if spinal injury is not suspected
Define cyanosis: A bluish or grayish tint to the skin and mucous membranes caused by low
levels of oxygen in the blood.
List and describe the steps to using the SAMPLE guideline to gather information (table 3.3)
S __Signs/Symptoms__: What’s wrong?
A__Allergies__: Are you allergic to anything?
M__Medications__: Are you taking any medications?
P__Past medical history__: Have you had this condition before?
L__Last oral intake__: When did you eat or drink last?
E__Events leading up__: Injury- How did you get hurt?
Illness- What were you doing?