Bell Ringer
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 In 20 words or less please describe how the
Renaissance has had an impact on the history we
have covered so far.
Agenda/Objectives

 Grade our pre test
 Begin on the Scientific Revolution
 - Flash back of Ancient ideas
 - Clash with new ideas
 How did the Age of Explorations influence the
Scientific Revolution?
 Names and theories
 New Ideas conflict with Church Ideas
 Homework - Reading
1550 - 1789
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Roots of Modern Science
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 Middle Ages:
 - Earth was an unmoving object.
 - Sun, moon, and stars moved around the earth.
 - Heaven was beyond the stars.
Roots of Modern Science

 Geocentric Theory – Earth was the center of the
universe.
 - Idea came from Aristotle (Greek philosopher 4th
century B.C.E.)
 Christianity taught that God deliberately placed
earth at the center of the universe.
 True or False based on the Bible.
Scientific Revolution:

 A new way of thinking about the natural world;
based upon careful observation and a willingness to
question accepted beliefs.
 - Mid 1500s, a few scholars published works
challenging the church and ancient thinkers.
Quick Video
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 http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=zHUWP9zu4W
8
Scientific Revolution

 What helped the spread:
 - Muslim Scholars work translated by European
Scholars.
 - Studied ancient views and current views
 Found that ancient authorities often did not agree
with each other.
 - Discovery of new people, plants, and animals in
Africa, Asia, and the Americas.
 Opened ideas to possible new truths.
What helped spread the ideas
of the Scientific Revolution?

 The Printing Press
 Who invented the Printing Press?
 Johannes Gutenberg
 Who gave him the idea of the invention?
 The Chinese
Explorations fuels
Revolution

 Why do you think???
 Expanded Astronomy and Mathematics.
 Needed better navigation.
 Reached Ancient limits and needed to know more.
Heliocentric Theory

 Nicolaus Copernicus came up with theory.
 Sun is the center of the universe.
 - Earth, planets, and stars revolved around sun.
 What is wrong about this theory?
 Stars do not revolve around sun.
Nicolaus Copernicus

Heliocentric Theory

Copernicus

 Feared persecution and rejection did not publish
ideas until 1543.
 Book: On the Revolutions of the Heavenly Bodies
 - Stirred little controversies at first.
Johannes Kepler

 Continued the work of Tycho Brahe.
 Concluded mathematical laws govern planetary
motion.
 Kepler’s laws proved Copernicus to be true.
Galileo Galilei

 Challenged old ideas:
 - Aristotle's idea that heavier objects fall faster than
lighter objects.---- proved it wrong
 Made improvements to the telescope and used it in
1609.
Galileo

 1610 Published newsletter Starry Messenger.
 Announced:
 - Jupiter had 4 moons
 - Sun had dark spots
 - Earth’s moon had a rough and uneven surface
 Shattered Aristotle's theory that moons and stars
were made of pure and perfect substance.
 Laws of Motion and other theories supported
Copernicus.
Conflict with the Church

 Why would the church have issues with these new
ideas?
Conflict with the Church

 Both Catholics and Protestants frightened by these
ideas.
 People may question the teachings and authority of
the church.
 1633 – Galileo stood trial and under threat of torture
read aloud a confession agreeing his ideas and
Copernicus ideas were false.
 Died in 1642 under house arrest.
Writing Critically
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 Using the term “Scientific Revolution” Come with a sentence or
word that best describes the Scientific Revolution.
 S – word or sentence…
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