and
the
Rock Cycle
3 main types of rock
Sedimentary
Metamorphic
Igneous
Sedimentary rocks
Formed from particles of sand, shells, pebbles, and other fragments of material
(sediment)
Usually these rocks are fairly soft and may break apart or crumble easily.
You can often see sand, pebbles, or stones in the rock, and it is usually the only type
that contains fossils.
Examples of this rock type include conglomerate and
limestone.
Metamorphic Rocks
Formed under the surface of the earth from the metamorphosis (change)
that occurs due to intense heat and pressure.
Have ribbon like layers and may have shiny crystals.
Examples of this rock type include gneiss
and marble.
Igneous Rocks
Formed when magma (molten rock deep within the earth) cools and hardens.
When lava cools very quickly, no crystals form and the rock looks shiny and
glasslike. Sometimes gas bubbles are trapped in the rock during the cooling
process, leaving tiny holes and spaces in the rock.
Examples of this rock type include basalt
and obsidian.
Intrusive Igneous rocks form deep inside Earth’s surface.
Extrusive Igneous rocks form at or near Earth’s surface
Rock Cycle
Rocks are always changing from one type to another and back again!
Forces inside the earth bring them closer to the surface (where they are weathered, eroded,
and compacted)
Forces on the earth sink them back down (where they are heated, pressed, and melted).
Use the map below to answer questions 12 - 25
Can you place these words in the rock cycle?
Weathering
and Erosion
Compaction
and
Cementation
Heat and
Pressure
Melting
Cooling