RACE TO THE GOVERNOR’S HOUSE
#5
1)During the period of __________
after the Civil War, Virginia faced many
problems.
Reconstruction
2)What did Congress create
to help newly freed slaves
after the Civil War because
they needed food, schools,
and medical care?
Freedmen’s Bureau
3) This system developed because
plantation owners lacked money to
pay for workers, and freedmen and
poor white farmers needed land and
work.
sharecropping
4)Why was Virginia’s economy in ruins
after the Civil War?
1) Money had no value.
2) Banks were closed.
3) Railroads, bridges,
plantations, and crops were
destroyed.
5)After the Civil War, people moved
from rural to _____ areas, seeking
economic opportunities.
urban
6)The practice of _____, or separating
people by race or religion, had a
significant impact on life in Virginia in
the 20th century.
segregation
7) In the 1954 case of Brown v. Board
of Education, the U.S. Supreme Court
ruled that “separate but equal” public
schools were ___________.
unconstitutional
8)Who was the first African American
woman in the U.S. to establish a bank
and become bank president?
Maggie Lena Walker
9) Under the Jim Crow laws, AfricanAmericans were forced to use separate,
poor-quality facilities and services such
as _______________, ____________,
and ________________.
drinking fountains
restrooms
restaurants
10) “Jim Crow” laws led to the use of
unfair ________ ________ and _____
_______ which were established to keep
African American men from voting.
poll taxes
voting tests
11) During the period of Reconstruction,
African-Americans began to have power
in Virginia’s ______ and men of all races
could vote.
government
12) After Reconstruction, gains made by
African Americans were lost when
_______ ________ ________ were
passed by southern states. These laws
discriminated against African-Americans
and American Indians by establishing
segregation.
Jim Crow Laws
13)During the time of “Jim Crow” laws,
African Americans found it very difficult
to ____ or hold_______ _______.
vote
public office
14) During the 20th
Virginia changed
agricultural society
industrial
and 21st centuries,
from a _____,
to a more _____,
society.
rural
urban
15)After Reconstruction, Virginia’s cities
began to _____ with people, businesses,
and factories.
grow
16)Name two reasons why agriculture
began to change in Virginia during the
early 20th century.
1.Old systems of farming
were no longer effective
2. Crop prices were too low
17) _____________ were a key to the
expansion of business, agriculture, and
industry. They facilitated the growth of
small towns into cities.
railroads
18) Name three technological
developments in transportation that
helped cities to grow after
Reconstruction and helped expand
business, agriculture, and industry.
roads
railroads
streetcars
19) _____ was discovered in Tazewell
county and boosted Virginia’s economic
growth.
Coal
20) Who was the first African-American
governor in the United States? (He was
governor for Virginia.)
L. Douglas Wilder
21) Who was known for the “pay-as-yougo” policy for road improvements?
Harry F. Byrd Sr.
22) Who was the first African-American
winner of a major men’s tennis
championship? He was also an author and
spokesperson for social change.
Arthur Ashe
23) Who led the Massive Resistance
Movement against integration of public
schools in Virginia?
Harry F. Byrd Sr.
24) ___________ farming and the
manufacture of __________ products
became important Virginia industries,
particularly in the Piedmont region.
tobacco, tobacco
25)_____ is the unfair difference in
the treatment of people.
Discrimination
26) All public schools, including those in
Virginia, were ordered to _____ in order
to end racial segregation. The policy of
Massive Resistance failed and Virginia’s
public schools were finally integrated.
desegregate
27) As Virginia grew, the need for
more and better _____ increased.
roads
28)____ is the full equality of all races
in the use of public facilities and
services. In Virginia, some schools were
closed to avoid this.
integration
29) Virginia’s government adopted a policy
of ______ _______ which fought to
“resist” the integration of public schools.
Massive Resistance
30) Who was a 20th century president
who wrote a plan for world peace?
Woodrow Wilson
31) He was a military leader who created
an economic plan to ensure world peace
following World War II.
George C. Marshall
32) In the 20th century, Northern Virginia
experienced growth due to an increase in the
number of __________ ___________ jobs in the
region.
federal government
33) Who was a lawyer and Civil Rights
leader who worked for equal rights? He
played a key role in Brown v. Board of
Education.
Oliver W. Hill
34) He was a governor of Virginia who
promoted racial equality. He also
appointed more African Americans to
positions in VA’s state government than
any previous governor.
A. Linwood Holton, Jr.
35) In the late 20th and early 21st
centuries, Northern Virginia and the
Coastal Plain region have grown due to
_______ _______.
computer technology