Traffic analysis and optimization of a
mangement network
Author: Mikko Koivisto
Supervisor: Raimo Kantola
24.7.2016
Seminar of Master's Thesis
1
Agenda
•
•
•
•
•
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Introduction and background
Used methods
Results and considerations
Conclutions
Future analysis
Seminar of Master's Thesis
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Introduction and background
• The idea of the thesis was adopted from
Network Planning, Nokia Networks
• Interconnections of a management
network->optimization
• Planning challenge: traffic should not
cause any bottle necks
• Traffic analysis->traffic behavior
24.7.2016
Seminar of Master's Thesis
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The management network
Remote
site
NMS
Remote
site
ECC = Embedded Control Channel
MD = Mediation Device
Packet based
backbone network
SDH
transmission
elements
Q3
interface
ECC
Communication sessions:
MD
Q1
Q1
ECC
Q1
Q1
ECC
PDH transmission
elements
24.7.2016
Seminar of Master's Thesis
Switching
platforms
for
mobile/fixed
network
s
4
Routing areas
Subnetwork Path
Level 1 IS-IS Routing
Level 2 IS-IS Routing
Interdomain Routing
IS
ES
IS
ES
IS
ES
IS
ES
IS
ES
IS
IS
IS
IS
ES
IS-IS Area
Routing Domain Boundary
24.7.2016
Seminar of Master's Thesis
ES
ES
5
Methods
• Traffic traces captured from the
management network
• Data analyzed:
– Ratios of different packet types compared
– Inter-arrival times calculated
– Traffic loads calculated
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Seminar of Master's Thesis
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Measurement scenarios
Measurement
table
measurement
Phase 1
Phase 2
Phase 3
period 1
period 2
period 2
record time 112.2 s record time 88.3 s record time 213.2 s
events: crossevents: crossconnections made connections made
by node manager, by node manager,
reading node
reading node
settings
settings
actions &
consequences
in the scenario
filtered traffic
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all traffic
only packets
between node
manager PC and
the SDH node
recorded
Seminar of Master's Thesis
all traffic
7
Measurement scenarios 2
Measurement
table
measurement
actions &
consequences
in the scenario
filtered traffic
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Phase 4
Phase 5
Phase 6
period 3
period 3
period 3
record time 112.8 s record time 112.7 s record time 111.7 s
one link was
disabled between
SDH nodes
one link was
disabled between
SDH nodes
one link was
disabled between
SDH nodes
all traffic
only Broadcast
traffic recorded
only actual
Management traffic
recorded
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Results and considerations
• The ratio of the routing traffic and the
management action traffic
• Size of the routing area
• Few retransmissions -> buffer status
• Use of the parallel 64 kbit/s DCC channel
-> avoid packet losses
• Inter-arrival times -> traffic intensity
DCC = Data Communication Channel
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Seminar of Master's Thesis
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Routing data vs management data
Routing data vs. management data
600000
515214
500000
Bytes
400000
300000
200000
100000
97.6%
12793
2.4%
0
routing data
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management data
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Different routing traffic types, distributions
500000
440574
450000
400000
350000
Bytes
300000
250000
200000
150000
100000
59046
50000
4860
0.9%
580
0.1%
9464
1.8%
85.6%
11.5%
IS-IS: L1 Seq
IS-IS: L1 Hello
IS-IS: L2 Hello
0
ES-IS: ISH
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IS-IS: L1 Link state
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Message types and their frame sizes
Packet size
Packet type
60
ES-IS: ISH
IS-IS: L1 Link state
IS-IS: L1 Seq
IS-IS: L1 Hello
IS-IS: L2 Hello
MDLP
ISO_TP: Ack
ISO_TP: Connection request
ISO_TP: Disconnect request
ISO_TP: Connection confirm
ISO_TP: Disconnect confirm
ACSE: C Release Normal
ACSE: R Release Normal
CLNP: Error Report
CMIP: C Initialize
CMIP: R Initialize
CMIP: C Get
CMIP: R Get
CMIP: C Linked reply
LOOP: reply receipt=0
60/74/85/96
728
1514
1514
345
79/84/87
102/112
81/111
98
80
103/109/157
103/116
135/136
295
225/235
182/184/186/193
115/120/197/207/242/244
222/227/231/236
60
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Some figures
• Traffic load rates
– Measurement period 1: 37,6 kbit/s
– Measurement period 3: 40,4 kbit/s
• Peak value in traffic utilization: 88 kbit/s
• IAT values
– Phase 1 (period 1): mean value converge to
0,208, standand deviation to 0,224
– Phase 3 (period 2): mean value converge to
0,101, standand deviation to 0,136
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Network utilization
1
0.9
Network utilisation in percentage
0.8
0.7
0.6
0.5
Mean curve
0.4
0.3
0.2
Standard Deviation
0.1
110
100
90
80
70
60
50
40
30
20
10
0
0
Time in sec
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IAT (inter-arrival time) measurement 1, phase 1
1.6
1.4
Inter-Arrival Time (IAT) in sec
1.2
1
0.8
0.6
0.4
Standard Deviation
0.2
Mean curve
520
500
480
460
440
420
400
380
360
340
320
300
280
260
240
220
200
180
160
140
120
100
80
60
40
20
0
0
The number of packets
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IAT measurement 2, phase 3
1.4
1.2
Inter-Arrival Time (IAT) in sec
1
0.8
0.6
0.4
Standard Deviation
0.2
Mean curve
2100
2000
1900
1800
1700
1600
1500
1400
1300
1200
1100
1000
900
800
700
600
500
400
300
200
100
0
0
The number of packets
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DCC channels
VC-4 POH
SOH
VC-12 POH
RSOH
D1
D2
D3
D4
D5
D6
D7
D8
D9
D10
D11
D12
AU Pointer
MSOH
Accessible
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Not
Accessible
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Conclusions
• Planning of the routing area sizes: IS-IS
level 1 routing traffic the most represented
• Location of the IS-IS level 2 routers
• Use of multiple DCC channels in SDH
nodes
• Inter-arrival time output, changes in the
traffic intensity
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Seminar of Master's Thesis
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Future analysis
• Use of tools to simulate a management
network (Opnet, NS)
• Required models: transport model, OSI
procols supported, IS-IS level 1 and 2
routing supported
• -> More comprehensive study and deeper
analysis
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Seminar of Master's Thesis
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Thank You!
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Seminar of Master's Thesis
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