MUS 348 Test 2, September 29, 2015
answers
60 points, reduced to 50
“Love your enemies, do good to those who hate you, bless those who curse you, pray for
those who mistreat you.” —the Gospel of Luke, quoting Jesus of Nazareth
“With all of our disagreements, can we Christians recover a sense of unity in Christ? Can
we be faithful to his hope that all may be one as he and the Father are one (John 17:21)”?
—John Switzer
1. What are two identifying items of chant? 2
monophonic, liturgical
2. What is a trope? 6
musical and/or textual addition to a chant
3. Of what is the following excerpt an example? Write one reason that determined your
answer. 2
Sequence
paired verses (the overwhelming correct answer, in some shape, fashion, or form)
4. What is the most common form of a Medieval Latin Sequence? 1
paired verses – aa,bb,cc,dd…
5. From what part of the Proper of the Mass did the Sequence develop? 1
Alleluia
6. What was added to the long melisma on “-ia” in the part of the Proper of the Mass you
named in the previous question? 1
text
7. Most Sequences were excised from the Roman liturgy in the mid-sixteenth century.
How many Sequences remain in that denomination’s liturgy? 1
five
“Victimae paschali laudes” (Easter Sunday), “Veni Sancte Spiritus”
(Pentecost Sunday), “Lauda Sion Salvatorum” (Feast of Corpus Christi
[body of Christ]), “Stabat Mater” (Feast of the seven sorrows of Mary),
“Dies irae” (Requiem Mass)
8. Including ALL of the items addressed in questions 4 through 7, write a paragraph
about the Medieval Latin Sequence. 4
[information arranged in some fashion from
questions 4 (3)- 5]
9. Why are we not preparing a Sequence to be sung on our performance of a Wednesday
None? 1
Sequences were part of the Mass, not Offices/Hours
10. Of what is the following musical excerpt an example? 1
hymn
11. What is the musical format of a hymn? Describe it in prose, and you may add an
example of a possible form diagram if you think that would help you to better
describe the format of a hymn. 2
an example, one possibility
A hymn is characterized by more than one (several/a few) musical
phrases, all of which are sung to the various stanzas of a text.
12. How does a Sequence differ from a hymn? Describe it in prose, and if you think a
diagram would help, include that in addition to your writing. 2
an example, one possibility
A Sequence consists of several musical phrases, each of which is
repeated only once, each time with a different text, before proceeding
to the next phrase. A hymn differs from a Sequence in that entire
stanzas of a text is sung to all the musical phrases of a hymn melody
13. What is organum? 1
the first occurance (genre) of polyphony in Western music
14. What part of a chant was sung in organum? 1
the solo part (which may have varied from one locale to another)
15. Write simple, note-against-note parallel organum to the following chant in fourths or
fifths. You may write the organal voice in the original proximity to the chant voice, or
in the position of later practice. Remember to avoid the diablos in music by altering
anything in the organal voice that needs altering. 15
(no b-naturals)
__________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
c_________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
__________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
__________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
__________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
f
f
ac
c
d c
Vi - de - runt om
(fifth away) b-flat b-flat d f
(fourth away) c
c
eg
a c c c e d c c
-
nes
f
g f
d f
f f a g f f
g
a g
e g g g b a g g
What are the various versions of organum represented in the excerpts below? Also
under each form, write a brief description/definition of characteristics of each type of
organum.
16. 3
17. 3
modified parallel/mixed parallel and oblique (latter label used in Anthology)
an example, one possibility:
In modified/mixed parallel organum, the two voices begin and end in
unison, moving to and away from parallel fourths in the middle of the
organum. The chant voice is in the upper voice
melismatic/Aquitanian/florid organum
an example, one possibility:
In melismatic (florid/Aquitanian) organum, there are more notes in the
upper, organal voice than in the lower chant voice (tenor).
18. What is the first written documentation of the first two types of organum? What is
the date of that treatise? 2
Musica enchiriadis, late ninth century
19. What are the birth and death dates of Hildegard of Bingen? 2
1098-1179
20. What was observed in the excerpt from Hildegard’s Ordo virtutum (to which we
listened in class) regarding vocal range, in comparison to typical vocal range of most
Medieval chant? 1
wider range than most chants
21. What are two other genres in which Hildegard composed? 2
hymns, Sequences, antiphons, responsories
22. What is a general definition of neumes? 2
signs/symbols indicating pitch
signs/symbols indicating melodic intervallic relationship of pitches
For extra credit, identify the two types of varieties of early below. Any idea what the text
is?
1. unheightened neumes, begins “Jubilate deo [should be Deo] universa terra”
(almost impossible to decipher past d[D]eo)
2. heightened neumes
(what I came up with before looking it up)
Ecce modus primus
Sepamus armomi__
sic noscitur arqisecund
tensc hanc O_ra
Acciptur trus sic
uns aecistram
after looking it up:
Ecce modus primus sic noscitur atque second[us].
Accipitur tritus sic.
Septimus armoniam tenetur hanc. Octavus adest istam.
(YIKES!)