Abstracts of the Published Research Papers
During the Period (2010-2015)
1. LEFM to Investigate the Impact of Deteriorated Particles in Composite Material.
ASME 2015 International Mechanical Engineering Congress and
ExpositionVolume 14: Emerging Technologies; Safety Engineering and Risk
Analysis;
Houston, Texas, USA, November 13–19, 2015, ISBN: 978-0-7918-5757-1
Abstract: Due to its distinguished properties especially being isotropic, particulate
reinforced composite is considered as one of the attractive material for wide range of
applications, where the relatively low manufacturing cost is a desirable advantage. In the
present analysis, deteriorated particles embedded in particulate reinforced composite have
been investigated. The impact of the fractured particles is studied through the principles
of fracture mechanics using finite element method. Mainly the stiffness variation of the
composite due to the presence of the fractured particles is mainly predicted, since it is
considered as an important factor especially from the view point of the damage-tolerant
design of composite structures. A representative volume element (RVE) has been
selected to represent the particulate composite with different particle volume fractions. It
is important to point out that based on a previous investigation and comparison between
two and three dimensional finite element analysis for a particulate reinforced composite,
two-dimensional, plane strain finite element analysis is used to estimate the stresses and
deformation that taken place. Uniaxial tensile stress perpendicular to the crack face of the
fractured particle has been applied to the representative volume element. Due to
symmetry of the studied geometries, quarter of the representative volume element is
modeled via finite element method with a consistent mesh as possible to maintain reliable
results. Linear elastic fracture mechanics (LEFM) is adopted through estimating stress
intensity factor (SIF) of the cracked particles. Basically, the investigation covers the
assessment of fractured particles with different crack lengths, where the particle’s
stiffness is considered as a substantial parameter in the analysis in combination with
others. Moreover, various particles volume fractions are taken into account to figure out
their influence on the effective Young’s modulus of the representative volume element
chosen for the studied cases. Multiple point constraints (MPC) technique is adopted in the
finite element model to calculate the effective stiffness of the fractured particle. In
general, it has been shown that there is a considerable influence of the deteriorated
particles on increasing stress intensity factor levels at the crack tip as long as the crack
length increases with respect to the particle size, and this basically depends on the
stiffness ratio of the matrix/particle considered in the analysis. In the other hand, it has
been noticed that a significant reduction in the effective stiffness of the particulate
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composite which is calculated based on the modeled representative volume element as a
function of the crack length.
2. Precast Ferrocement Hollow Core Slab/Wall Panels.14th International Conference
on Sustainable Energy Technologies – SET2015, 25th-27th of August 2015,
Nottingham, UK.
Abstract: A total of five full scale ferrocement multi-cell box slab panel were constructed
and tested under flexural loads. The main parameters considered in present work were
number of wire mesh layers at top and bottom flanges and webs and the positions of
intermediate diaphragms. The behavior was monitored by reading deflections at mid-span
and by observing the crack patterns and mode of failure. From the results obtained, it was
found that decreasing number of wire mesh layers at the bottom flanges tend to decrease
the load capacity and increase the lateral deflections. It is concluded that the precast
ferrocement multi-cell box slab/ wall panels developed in the present work can be used as
building system and comparison of tests results with the standard design loads of
buildings showed that the proposed system matches the design loads and can be used in
construction of a wide range of buildings.
3. Mechanical Properties of Nano-Cement Mortar: Compression and
Tension.Proceedings of the 2015 International Conference on Industrial
Engineering and Operations Management, Dubai, United Arab Emirates (UAE),
March 3-5, 2015. Published in Industrial and Operations Management (IEOM),
2015. Scopus Indexing.
Abstract: The present research examines the compressive and tension strength of nano
cement mortar by using micro cement, micro sand, nano silica and nano clay in
developing a nano-cement mortar which can lead to improvements in concrete
construction. The results have shown an increase in both the compressive and tensile
strength of mortar at early stages of hardening. For testing purpose, 50mm cubes and
250*50*10 mm prisms were cast and tested for determining the compressive and tensile
strength of nano-cement mortar. The parameters that were taken consideration during the
investigation were micro sand, micro cement, nano silica, developed nano clay and
naphthalene sulphonate as super-plasticizers. It has been concluded that the measured
results demonstrate significant increase in the tensile strength of the developed mortar.
Accordingly, an empirical equation is formulated for tensile strength prediction.
Keywords:Compressive, Tensile, Nano-cement, Nano-silica.
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4. Thermal Performance of Ferrocement Green Buildings System.Springer
Proceedings in Energy, ICREGA’14- Renewable Energy: Generation and
Applications. Chapter 21
Abstract: Urban development is a key consumer of energy, a structural system based on
generic services facilities is introduced and prefabricated cavity walls/ and roofs within
the structural system present a series of possibilities for the solution of building
construction at maximum reduction of the electrical energy. The energy required to run
the building using the proposed ferrocement construction system is determined and the
possibility of using the renewable energy production rather than energy depleted is
presented.
Keywords:Ferrocement, Thermal, Green building.
5. Development of Engineered Material Arresting System to Protect Overrun
Aircraft, International Research Journal on Engineering Vol. 2(4), pp.046-051,
September,2014.
Abstract: Aircraft accidents are a serious of a challenge, the present work deals with
developing an arresting system to protect the overrun aircraft to avoid the loss of life and
property. The pilot may not be able to stop the aircraft on the runway at the exact location
for several reasons, including a malfunction in the brake system, or as a result a failed
landing or takeoff. Unfortunately, most of the airports do not have enough space to
establish longer runways. This has promoted the development of GroundArrestor System
(GAS). Currently, (GAS) has been deployed in few of the airports throughout the world
and is called as Engineered Material Arrestor System(EMAS). EMAS is an extension of
low compressive strength concrete so that when the plane enters into it with a certain
speed, concrete will be crushed under the influence of the weight of the aircraft and that
makes the wheels of the plane diving into the concrete and then scattering the kinetic
energy of the aircraft until it stops completely. The research program examined the
behavior of ultra-lightweight concrete with variation of chemical admixtures. Different
concrete mixtures were batched and tested for fresh and hardened properties to develop
the ultra-lightweight concrete that meet the requirements provided by FAA in advisory
circular AC 150/5220-22A.
Keywords: Arrestor System, EMAS, Overrun Aircraft, Passive System.
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6. Performance of Ferrocement Eco-Housing System under Direct Fire. 13th
International Conference on Sustainable Energy technologies (SET2014),25-28th
August,2014, Geneva, Paper ID: SET2014-E40112
Abstract: The use of ferrocement in pre-fabricated buildings provides many advantages
in terms of lightness of weight(since its thickness is usually between 10 and 50 mm), ease
of handling, lowLabour cost in its production and a durable material requiring little
maintenance. This would further lead to an “eco-friendly” low cost housing without any
loss of structural integrity. A structural system based on generic services facilities is
introduced by Al-Rifaie and prefabricated ferrocement cavity walls/ and roofs are
adopted within the proposed system.The performance of the system under direct fire is
discussed in the present work by means of erecting a full scale ferrocement room and fire
was burnt inside the room for a period of 2½ hours with stand temperature up to 756̊ C.
The behavior of ferrocement elements was monitored by reading the deflection and
temperature for the roof at middle and two thirds points and by observing the crack
patterns and spalling of the elements.
Keywords:Direct fire, Eco-housing, Ferrocement, Spalling, Temperature.
7. Experimental Investigation of Nano-Polymercement Composite.Study of Civil
Engineering and Architecture (SCEA) Volume ,2014.
Abstract: The present research program was carried out to develop a new composite
material to be considered for different applications. Hence, the present work concern with
the development of a very thin structural element to be used for example, strengthening
or rehabilitation of pipe lines for pressurized pipes rather than using polymeric composite
materials, construct poles for lighting and wind turbine, manufacturing of underwater
turbine blades and even impellers, water tanks and anti-bullet protective panels or even
anti—explosion sheets used in trucks. The development of Nano structural element may
then be called “nano-polymercement”. The parameters considered during the
investigation were micro sand, micro cement, Nano silica, Nano clay, naphthalene
sulphonate and Nano polymer mesh. In addition, the influence of heating on the
compressive strength of Nano cement mortar were discussed. It may be concluded that
the ductility of nano-polymercement as developed in the present of Nano cement mortar
and Nano polymer mesh enables a large deflection to take place with no cracks.
8. An Approximate Method for the Design of Ferrocement Beams. International
Journal of Engineering and Advanced Technology(IJEAT), ISSN:2249-8958,
Volume-3, Issue-4, April 2014.
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Abstract: A simple analytical model is proposed to design the ferrocement rectangular
beam subjected to flexural loading. The predicted results of cross sectional resistance
moment obtained using the proposed model is compared with ACI(trial and error)
method. A parametric study was conducted to estimate the influence of volume fraction
of reinforcement and the depth of the beam. The comparison between the proposed and
ACI methods was quite satisfactory.
Keywords:Ferrocement, Pre-fabricated building, Moment, Eco-housing.
9. Ferrocement in Eco-Housing System.International Journal of Renewable Energy
Research, Vol.4, No.1, 2014. Scopus Indexing.
Abstract: Urban development is a key consumer of energy, a structural system based on
generic services facilities is introduced by Al-Rifaie and prefabricated ferrocement cavity
wall and roof panels within the proposed system present a series of possibilities for the
solution of building construction at maximum reduction of the electrical energy. The
energy required to run the building using the proposed ferrocement construction system
and the use of traditional method of construction is determined. It may be concluded that
the modern method (ferrocement eco-housing system) is able to produce very energy
efficient dwellings.
Keywords:Eco-Housing, Ferrocement, Renewable energy.
10. Experimental Investigation on Thin Ferrocement Dome Structures. International
Journal of Engineering and Advanced Technology(IJEAT), ISSN:2249-8958,
Volume-3, Issue-2, December 2013.
Abstract: The paper describes an experimental study for the effect of both skeletal
reinforcement and thickness on the strength capacity and behavior of thin ferrocement
dome structures under uniformly distributed load. Four ferrocementdomes of 4000 mm
covered span were constructed and tested up to ultimate stage. It has been concluded that
the construction technique developed in the present investigation reflects the most
economic approach, which reduces the nominal cost of such complex structures during
construction.
Index Terms:Ferrocement, Shell, Dome, Folded plate.
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11. Characterization of stiffened circumferentially cracked pipe with fiber reinforced
polymer composite patch.Advanced Materials Letters, September 2013.
Scopus Indexing.
Abstract: In this work the fiber reinforced polymer FRP patch is utilized to restore
damaged metallic pipe with outer part through circumferential crack. A circumferential
patch was employed to cover the full surface of the pipe at the cracked area. Linear
elastic fracture mechanics LEFM scheme and finite element method ware used to
evaluate the stress intensity factor(SIF) and the crack opening displacement (COD) as
characterizing parameters along the surface crack profile. ANSYS package was utilized
in this study and 3D-20 nodes solid elements was adopted. Two loading conditions were
investigated, that is, axial load and bending load. It was found that COD and hence the
SIF reduced considerably in the vicinity of the crack tip using the stiffened technique.
Keywords: Circumferential crack, FRP composite patch, Pipes, SIF, COD.
12. The Impact of Embedded Non-inclusion in Nanofiber Reinforced Composite.
Physical Review & Research International 3(4):438-451, 2013.
Abstract: Studying the influence of a Nano-inclusion embedded in Nanofiber reinforced
composite alongside a Nanofiber is the objective of the present investigation. The
analysis is done based on 2D, linear elastic finite element through using finite element
package ANSYS/Mechanical to explore the impact of the Nano-inclusion on the
mechanical behavior of the Nanocomposite. Mainly, two scenarios are the major outlines
of the study, first whenever the presence of the Nano-inclusion is located at the
longitudinal side of the Nanofiber, whereas in the second case, the Nano-inclusion is
proposed to be along the transverse side of the Nanofiber. The levels of the interfacial
stresses, normal and shear along the Nanofiber’s sided are estimated and discussed. The
mechanical properties of the matrix and Nanofiber of the Nanocomposite are considered
be similar to the traditional well known materials, while for the modeling purposes of the
stiffness of the Nano-inclusion, is taken as 1/100 of the matrix stiffness. The
Nanocomposite is subjected to uniaxial tensile stress which is the main stress applied.
The implications of theexistence of the Nano-inclusion on the failure of the
nanocomposite due to increase of the interfacial stresses in the Nanofiber/matrix line are
discussed as well. It is shown through the analysis that the Nano-inclusion has a great
influence on the increase of the interfacial stresses along the sided of the Nanofiber in a
Nanocomposite in a different level and conditions according to the location of the Nanoinclusion, and this essentially is considered as one of the main reasons of the anticipated
Nanocomposite failure.
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13. Development of Nano Cement Mortar as a Construction Material. Advanced
Materials Research Vol.795(2013) pp684-691, Trans Tech Publications
Switzerland. Scopus Indexing.
Abstract: The present research examined the compressive and flexural strength of Nano
cement mortar by using micro cement, micro sand, Nano silica and Nano clay in
developing Nano cement mortar which can lead to improvements in Ferrocement
construction. The measured results demonstrate the increase in compressive and flexural
strength of mortars at early stages of hardening. In addition, the influence of heating on
compressive strength of cement mortar. General expressions to predict the compressive
strength, modulus of rupture for the developed Nano cement mortar in the present work
are proposed.
14. Development Of Nano Polymer Mesh-Nano Cement Mortar Composite. IMS/7
International Conference On: Advances in Engineering Materials.
Abstract: The present research program was carried out to develop a Nano-structural
material in manufacturing elements which can be used as a replacement to a material
need it for different applications to reduce the pre-processes that must be done to make
the shapes and the dimensions required. Hence, the work presents with the development
of a very this structural element to be used for example, strengthening or rehabilitation of
pipe lines for pressurized pipes rather than using polymeric composite materials,
construct poles for lighting and wind turbine “ more description of applications”.
Manufacturing under water turbine blades and even impellers, water tanks and anti-bullet
protective panels or even anti explosion sheets used in trucks. The development of Nano
structural element may then be called “Nano-polymercement”. The parameters
considered during the investigation were micro sand, micro cement, Nano silica, Nano
clay, naphthalene sulphonate and Nano polymer mesh. In addition, the influence of
heating on the compressive strength of Nano cement mortar were discussed. It may be
concluded that the ductility of Nano-polymercement as developed in the present of Nano
cement mortar and Nano polymer mesh enables a large deflection to take place with no
cracks.
15. Structural Assessment via FEA of Bonded Steel Structures using Fiber Reinforced
Epoxy Adhesive. International Journal of Material and Mechanical Engineering,
2012, 1:61-65.
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Abstract: This paper presents a numerical study using FEM of adhesively bonded steel
beams under three point bending. Previous studies done by Hashim had examined the
behavior of pure adhesive layers experimentally and by FEM, and it was found that the
FE analysis showed a good accuracy with respect to the experimental test which was
adopted to minimize the efforts and the cost. Accordingly, in the present analysis using
FEM was the major technique to investigate the possibility of improving the properties of
the adhesive layers by enhancement using fillers like fiber reinforcements. Therefore, the
authors focused on the improvement of the characteristics of reinforced adhesive layer in
order to improve the mechanical response of the adhesively bonded beam. Toelucidate
the effectiveness of the fiber reinforcement and its impact on the whole bonded structure
behavior, interface coefficient for the adhesive layer was estimated for both stresses and
deflections and compared for both bonded and solid beams (welded). Due to
complication of studying the welded structures because of the residual and thermal
stresses, a comparison by considering the welded beams as solid one for simplicity is
proposed. The numerical simulations were compared with classical beam theory while
sandwich theory was applied to the bonded beams as an analytical investigation. As a
result of the study, it was found that by reinforcing the adhesive layer using fiber fillers,
the flexural stiffness of the bonded beam increased, and as a consequence the bending
and shear stresses are decreased.
Keywords: Adhesive, Bonded, FE, FRP, Structure.
16. Performance of Ferrocement Using Nscscmortar.International Conference on
Nuclear & Renewable Energy Resources, Istanbul, Turkey, 20-23 May 2012.
Abstract: The present research examined the flexural strength of a very thin ferrocement
element by using Nscsc mortar as a replacement to the normal cement mortar usually
used in ferrocement elements. The measured results demonstrate the increase in flexural
strength of a very thin ferrocement using Nscsc mortar.
17. Modern Housing System using Ferrocement As Sustainable Construction
Materials. Seventh Municipal Work Conference & exhibition, 24-26 April 2012,
Bahrain.
Abstract: The use of Ferrocement in pre-fabricated buildings provides many advantages
in terms of lightness of weight (since its thickness is usually between 10 and 50mm),ease
8
of handling, low Labour cost in its production and a durable material requiring little
maintenance. This would further lead to an “eco-friendly” low cost housing without any
loss of structural integrity. Saving in cost is one of the several reasons for popularity of
ferrocement. It is recognized that the economics of ferrocement is dependent on several
factors such as cost of raw materials and labour, and the relative cost of competitive
materials. In this article a structural system for ferrocementbuilding based on generic
services facilities is introduced.
18. Nanotechnology for High Performance of Ferrocement in Green
Buildings.ECRES–3. European Conference on Renewable Energy Systems,
Antalya, TURKEY, 07-10 Oct. 2015.
The present research examined the mechanical properties of nano cement mortar which
can lead to improvements inferrocement to be used in the green building system. Thus 90
cubes, 50mm. and 500x50mm prisms varying thickness (t=4, 6, 8 and 10 mm) were cast
and tested to determine the compressive strength, and modulus of rapture, for nano
cement mortar at curing age of 28 days. In addition, 50 nanoferrocement prisms with
varying thickness (t=4, 6, 8 and 10 mm), number of fine wire mesh layers, mix
proportions were cast and flexural tests were carried out to determine the composite
modulus of elasticity and modulus of rapture.
Keywords: Nanotechnology; Ferrocement Green building: Cement mortar.
19. Mechanical properties of nano-cement mortar: Compression and Tension.
Industrial Engineering and Operations Management (IEOM), 2015.
Abstract: The present research examines the compressive and tension strength of nano
cement mortar by using micro cement, micro sand, nano silica and nano clay in
developing a nano-cement mortar which can lead to improvements in concrete
construction. The results have shown a both the compressive and tensile strength of
mortar at early stages of hardening. For testing purpose, 50 mm cubes and 250x50x10
mm prisms were cast and tested for determining the compressive and tensile strength of
nano-cement mortar. The parameters that were taken consideration during the
investigation were micro sand, micro cement, nano silica, developed nano clay and
naphthalene as super- plasticizers. It has been concluded that the measured results
9
demonstrate significant increase in the tensile strength of the developed mortar
accordingly; an empirical equation is formulated for the tensile strength prediction.
20. An Experimental Investigation on the Shear Strength of Ferrocement Reinforced
with Hexagonal Mesh. Proceeding of the ASME 2015 International Mechanical
Engineering Congress & Exposition, IMECE 2015 November 13-19, 2015,
Houston, USA.
Abstract: Ferrocement is characterized by fine diameter mesh reinforcement, and size of
mesh opening and the surface area per unit volume of mortar may be as much as ten
times that in conventional reinforced concrete. The behaviour of ferrocement is
characterized by volume fraction of the fibersVrx and Vry in x and y directions and the
specific surfaces of the mesh SLx and SLy. An experimental investigation on the shear
strength of ferrocement plate reinforced with hexagonal mesh is carried out.
21. The Behaviour of Two-way Micro Reinforced Concrete Under Impact Loads.
ASME 2014 International Mechanical Engineering Congress & Exposition.
Abstract: Micro reinforced concrete is recognized as a composite material of great
potential made of micro cement-micro sand mortar and layers of very fine steel wire
meshes. The material may found wide applications such as green housing, shells and fold
plate roofs because of high tensile strength, imperviousness to water and crack free
performance. In the present investigation a total of 24 simply supported square l
specimens 500x500 mm have been cast and tested under impact loads varying the
number of wire mesh layers and thickness (5, 10, 15, 20, 25 mm). The impact load was
produced by means of a dropped impact device. An important conclusions regarding the
slab behaviour as affected by the slab thickness and number of mesh layers are drawn.
22. The Impact of Cracked Microparticles on theBehaviour of Particles Composite.
Journal of Nano-and Electronic Physics. 7 No 3, 2015.
Abstract: In this investigation a metallic composite with a cracked micro has been in
reinforced composite is one of the most favourite composite due to it quit iso micro
particles may be subjected to deterioration which lead to crack embedded to degradation
in the mechanical as well as the fracture behaviour in the composite, the stiffness of the
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composite has been studied for intact and cracked particles It has been found that as long
as the crack propagates in the micro particles, there is reduction in the stress intensity
factor (SIF).
Keywords: Composite, FEM, Fracture, Mechanical Properties, particles, SIF.
23. Structural Behaviour of Ferrocement System for Roofing.
First Engineering Scintific Conference, Faculty of Engineering, Dyala University, Iraq,
Dec.2010.
Abstract: The growing need for cheaper construction is much-discussed subject.
Prefabricated ferrocement panels present a series of possibilities for the solution of
construction problem. By using the unique properties of ferrocement with a relatively low
amount of reinforcement, be composite floor and wall panels can assembled into an
effective multi-purpose panel system. The major advantages of this system over current
construction methods are mainly due to the reduction in structural dead load and the use
of fewer building elements, which are much easier to handle.
In the present investigation, two ferrocement channel-like beams to form I-cross section
beam and four ferrocement plates are cast and tested due to flexural loading. The
structural behaviour was monitored by reading the deflection and by observing the crack
patterns. The measured values of deflections and the observations made indicated that
ferrocement can be used in construction of buildings.
Keywords: Construction, Structural, Ferrocement.
24. Ferroasphalt
Second Middle East Society of Asphalt Technologies (MESAT
2012), Conference
on Sustainable Asphalt Pavements in the Middle East,
American University of
Sharjah, February 5-7, 2013, U.A.E..
Abstract: The purpose of the present work is to examine the effectiveness of using steel
wire mesh in the flexible pavement in order to overcome to the asphalt problems such as
asphalt deformation, cracks in asphalt surface and rutting on the asphalt. The steel mesh
were laid in different height in the asphalt layer in order to identify the behaviour of
asphalt under the applied load with the availability of steel wire mesh and without steel
wire mesh. In addition to the laboratory test, a field test has been made. In this test a steel
wire mesh laid within the Wearing Course at one of the junctions of Kingdom of Bahrain
in order to monitor the asphalt problems such asphalt cracks, deformation and rutting of
asphalt caused by the running of vehicles. It is concluded that the failure loads are
increased when using a steel wire mesh and fine cracks will replace the wide longitudinal
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crack and the ability of asphalt to resist the rutting problems caused by the high traffic
loads is higher.
Keywords: Asphalt cement; Pavement; Subgrade; Flexible pavement; Base course ;
Wearing course.
25. The Impact of Cracked Micro Particles On The Mechanical And The Fracture
Behavior Of Particulate Composite. JOURNAL OF NANO- AND
ELECTRONIC PHYSICS Vol. 5 No 4, 04001(7pp) (2013) Том 5 No 4,
04001(7pp) (2013)
Abstract: In this investigation a metallic composite with a cracked micro has been
investigated using finite element method. Particulate reinforced composite is one of the
most favorite composite due to it quit isotopic properties. While being in metallic status,
the micro particles may be subjected to deterioration which lead to crack embedded
initiation within the micro particle. This crack lead to degradation in the mechanical as
well as the fracture behavior in the composite. Mechanical characteristics through
estimating the stiff-ness of the composite has been studied for intact and cracked particles
as well as for the fractured particles. It has been found that as long as the crack
propagates in the micro particle, there is reduction in the composite stiffness and
increases in the stress intensity factor (SIF).
26. Thermal Response of Ferrocement Cavity Wall Under Direct Fire. International
Journal of Sustainable Building Technology & Urban Development, United
Kingdom, 2015. DOI: 10.1080/2093761x.2015.1116416.
Abstract: One of the main problems of buildings is to give comfort to its occupants at a
low cost. The present investigation aims to study the performance of ferrocement cavity
wall under heating by means of applying direct fire to a double ferrocement leaves with a
space to be filled with insulation materials. The main parameters considered in the
present investigation are fire temperature at its core and space between the two
ferrocement leaves. All leaves were subjected to direct fire for 2 hours. The performance
of ferrocement cavity wall was observed by reading the infrared thermometer instrument
and crack patterns on the wall panel. It can be concluded that increasing the cavity wall
space affected the degree of insulation and the degree of insulation does not affected by
the kind of insulation material. It may also be concluded that hair cracks appeared on the
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surface of the ferrocement leave facing the fire when the temperature reached 1300°C at
the core of fire 150mm away.
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