بسم هللا الرحمن الرحيم Philadelphia University Faculty of Arts Department of English ـــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــ Model Answers and Marks Distribution Semester: 1st semester Academic year :2012/2012 Instructor's Name : Dr.Khalil Nofal Module Title: Syntax 1st exam Examination : Model Answer : Questionَ 1. Module No.: 0120235 Model Answer Components Mark 1. Diachronic description: is to describe the language as it develops from one period of time to another. e.g. OE, Mid E , and Mod E . 1 2. Dialect: is a language variety , mutually intelligible forms of a language that differ in systematic ways from each other used in a certain area as a means of communication e.g., American English. British English. OE. MidE, ModE. 1 3. Syntax: The study of sentence structure in terms of categories and functions e.g. : Ali is a teacher "Ali" is NP functions as subject " is" is VP functioning as predicator " a teacher" is NP functioning as SA 4. Structural ambiguity : is that a surface structure may have more than one deep structure e.g. They are moving sidewalks To mean : The laborers are moving the sidewalks or these sidewalks are moveable. 1 5. Rank – Scale: is a syntactic term in which the higher rank includes lower ranks or lower ranks are included into higher rank . e.g. Text Sentences Clauses phrases words morphemes phonemes a) Allomorphs: -ed /d/ /t/ / id/ -es 2. /s/ /z/ / iz/ b) Bound morpheme as a root : ceive - tain c) Noun suffix : hood - childhood d) Conversion: play (N) and (V) e) Subject attribute : our teacher is happy " happy" is an adj phrase functioning as SA 5 a) They found him boring . Category: Adj. p. Function: OA b) She called me a taxi . Category: NP Function: BO 3. c) John is a teacher. Category: NP Function: SA 5 d) This car belongs to me. Category: prep.p Function: PC e) That she is clever is obvious. Category: F.CL Function: S 4. Students should handle - transitive and intransitive verbs - monotransitive - distransitive - complex transitive - transition PC - copula – linking verbs - non –transitive PC Day & Date: Module Instructor: Dr.Khalil Nofal 5