Role of energy statistics in the compilation of the
greenhouse gas emissions inventory – Finnish
perspective
7th Oslo Group Meeting
Riitta Pipatti and Kari Grönfors
Contents
Greenhouse gas inventory
 Reguirements, methodologies and use
 Statistics Finland as national entity
 Role of energy statistics in the compilation of the inventory
 importance of the emissions from the energy sector
 advantages of close collaboration with the energy
statistics
 QA/QC and verification issues
 Confidentiality issues
 Future

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Greenhouse Gas (GHG) Inventory
Reporting consistent with requirements under
 United Nations Framework Convention (UNFCCC) (revised
guidelines from 2015 submission onwards)
 Kyoto Protocol – supplementary reporting
 EU GHG monitoring mechanism decision (under revision =>
regulation)
 Methodologies from the Intergovermental Panel on Climate
Change (IPCC)
 Annual comprehensive UNFCCC and KP reviews, this year and
from 2015 onwards also EU reviews
 GHG inventory data – basis for assessing compliance with
emission reductions commitments (KP, EU) and pledges
(UNFCCC)

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Finland’s national GHG inventory system
Greenhouse Gas Inventory, based on the
Law of Statistics, protocols, agreements
and contracts
Administrative
data sources
Environmental
permits
Emission
trading registry
Finnish Forest
Research
Institute
Finnish
Environment
Institute
Land use change
and forestry
Agrifood
Research
Finland
Agriculture and
Land use change
F-gases
Waste
Statistics Finland
National Entity
Energy, Industrial processes
Other
Annual inventory
submissions to EU,
UNFCCC and Kyoto
Protocol
Transport
VTT Technical Research Centre
of Finland
Advisory Board:
Relevant ministries, the Energy Market Authority,
Finnish Environment Institute, Finnish Forest Research
Institute and Agrifood Research Finland
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Statistics Finland – national entity
GHG inventory abides to the principles, rules and modalities of
 UNFCCC/KP, TCCCA – transparency, consistency,
comparability, completeness and accuracy) and
 Official statistics and Statistics Finland (impartiality,
transparency, confidentiality, coherence, relevance, accuracy,
reliability, timeliness, …)
 Mostly the ”main principles” the same under both regimes,
exceptions
 confidentiality – need to aggregate GHG reporting of specific
categories at higher level than required by UNFCCC, cannot
publish unit-specific informations published elsewhere
 efficiency, relevance and accuracy – requirements by
UNFCCC/KP require us to address also ”insignificant issues”

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The energy sector in the Finland’s GHG inventory –
inventory year 2010
Waste
3%
Energy industries
50%
Agriculture
8%
Energy
81%
Solvent and
Manufacturing industries
and construction
other
16%
product use
Transport
0.1%
22%
Industrial
processes
8%
Households, services etc.
8%
Fugitive
0.3%
Other
2%
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Role of energy statistics in the compilation the GHG
inventory
GHG inventory – energy sector calculations done in close
collaboration with energy statistics
 Common database (YEIS), but partly parallel processes due
to differences in data sources (historical reasons, coherence
in reporting emissions of different gases – only CO2
emissions can be calculated based on basic energy data)
 No additional data collection for the GHG inventory – access
to all background information collected for energy statistics,
energy statistics have access to data processed by the GHG
inventory
 better coverage of point sources, QA and verification
(mutual benefit)

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Role of energy statistics in the compilation the GHG
inventory
Energy statistics, GHG inventory and EU ETS – different rules,
coverage and classifications
 sharing knowledge and expertise (”coffee break discussions”)
helps to understand differences in ”numbers” and enhances
coherence/consistency of the published information
 QA/QC – comparision of sectoral (bottom-up) and reference (topdown) approaches a key QA measure for GHG inventory
 early access to tables on fuels use and relevant detailed
background data – time to explore difference
 energy balance – timetable and contents take GHG inventory
needs into account
 times series of the difference show a declining trend (2010: 0.3%)

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Role of energy statistics in the compilation the GHG
inventory
Comparison with international energy data (IEA, Eurostat)
 energy statistics timeseries not updated with the same
coverage and completeness as in the GHG inventory –
causes additional work in explaining differences in
reviews
 Comparison with the EU ETS data
 EU defines non-ETS sector as inventory data minus
ETS data - if EU ETS data differ from data used for
same units in the inventory, it will impact the emission
reduction burden of the non-energy sector

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Future
2nd commitment period for the Kyoto Protocol – to start
2013?
 New comprehensive international climate agreement – to
start 2020
 New UNFCCC reporting guidelines for GHG inventories, EU
monitoring mechanism regulation
 energy balances to be attached to reporting
 comparison with energy statistics a requirement
 timing issues, understanding differences more
important
 Statistics Finland – aiming towards an integrated system for
producing energy statistics and GHG energy inventory

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Thank you!
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