NSO
 Ninth
in a series at five-year intervals since
1968
 Provides information on fertility, family
planning, health and nutrition of children
and mothers
 All women 15 to 49 years of age
 USAID provided funding assistance for
preparatory activities and equipment
 Macro International Inc. (ICF Macro)
provided technical assistance
 held
to obtain comments and suggestions
on data items for consideration in the
survey.
 Attended
by representatives/consultants of
government agencies and organizations
 Dr.
Mercedes B. Concepcion
(National Academy of Science and Technology)
 United States Agency for International
Development (USAID)
 ICF Macro
 National Statistics Office (NSO)
 Department of Health (DOH)
 National Commission on the Role of Filipino
Women (NCRFW), now PCW
 National Statistical Coordination Board (NSCB)
 Commission
on Population (PopCom)
 University of the Philippines Population
Institute (UPPI)
 National Economic and Development Authority
(NEDA)
 Food and Nutrition Research Institute (FNRI)
 Philippine Legislators Committee on Population
Development (PLCPD)
 National
Statistics Office (NSO)
 Department of Health (DOH)
 Commission on Population (PopCom)
 National Economic and Development Authority
(NEDA)
 Philippine Health Insurance Corporation
(PhilHealth)
 National Statistical Coordination Board (NSCB)
 University
of the Philippines Population
Institute (UPPI)
 UP School of Economics – Health Policy
Development Program
 National Institutes of Health (NIH)
 Macro International
 National
Commission on the Role of Filipino
Women (NCRFW)
 Department of Social Welfare and Development
(DSWD)
 National Statistics Office (NSO)
 National Statistical Coordination Board (NSCB)
 National Economic and Development Authority
(NEDA)
 Macro International
 Hesitance
to include VAW module
because of sensitivity of questions
- NSO conducted pretest on VAW
questions and found that respondents
were willing to answer
 Action to take if respondent needs/asks
for help
- DSWD and NCRFW were consulted and
provided a list of VAW hotlines
Violence - the intentional use of
physical force or power, threatened
or actual, against oneself, another
person, or against a group or
community, that either results in or
has a high likelihood of resulting in
injury, death, psychological harm,
maldevelopment or deprivation.
The Anti-Violence Against Women and
Their Children Act of 2004
 Violence against women refers to
any act or a series of acts committed
by any person against a woman who
is his wife, former wife, or against a
woman with whom the person has or
had a sexual or dating relationship…
The Anti-Violence Against Women and
Their Children Act of 2004
 Violence against women is not limited to
physical harm, but extends to emotional
and psychological injuries and also
addresses discrimination in work places.
A significant feature of the act is the
involvement of the citizenry in
addressing domestic violence.
Physical
Sexual
Emotional
Economic
Neglect
or deprivation
Women’s Safety Module
- interpersonal violence
(violence by spouse/partner,
boyfriend, by family members or
unrelated individuals)
- acts of physical, sexual and emotional
violence
NDHS Form 3 – Women’s Safety Module
 Measures of Violence
 Women’s experience of violence since age 15
and recent violence in the 12 months
preceding the survey.
 Violence during pregnancy
 Marital control
 Inter-spousal violence
 Experience of forced sex at sexual initiation.
 Help-seeking behavior by women who have
experienced violence.
 Questionnaires
were translated to six major
local languages:
• Tagalog
• Ilocano
• Bicolano
• Waray
• Hiligaynon
• Cebuano
 Standard
ICF Macro VAW
Questionnaire
 DHS5_Module_Domestic_Violence.pdf
 VAW
Questionnaire used in the 2008
Philippines National Demographic and
Health Survey
 WSMODULE_english.pdf
 WSMODULE_englishmain.pdf
 WSMODULE_english12.pdf
Spousal violence or intimate
partner violence:
 Measured in more detail than
violence by other perpetrators
using
greatly
shortened
and
modified Conflict Tactics Scale
(CTS)
Challenges:
 What constitutes violence or abuse
varies across cultures and
individuals
 Culture
of silence surrounds
domestic violence that can affect
reporting
Challenges:
 Sensitivity of topic, concern for
safety of respondents and
interviewers, protection of women
disclosing violence
Challenge: What constitutes violence or
abuse varies across cultures and
individuals
Response: Ask specific acts of violence
Advantages: Not being affected by
different understanding of what
constitutes violence, gives respondents
multiple opportunities to disclose,
allows assessment of severity of
violence
 Physical Violence Questions Does/Did your (last) husband/
partner/boyfriend ever do any of
the following to you:
a) Push you, shake you, or throw
something at you?
b) Slap you?
c) Twist your arm or pull your
hair?

Physical Violence Questions d) Punch or hit you with
something that could hurt you?
e) Kick you, drag you, or beat
you up?
f) Try to choke you or burn you
on purpose?
g) Threaten or attack you with a
knife, gun, or any other
weapon?

Sexual Violence Questions h) Physically force you to have
sexual intercourse with him
even you did not want to?
i) Force you to perform any other
sexual acts you did not want
to?
Sexual
Violence Questions
j) Try or attempt to force you
to have sexual intercourse
with him or perform any
other sexual acts against
your will?
k) Persuade or threaten you to
have sexual intercourse with
him or perform any other
sexual acts against your will?
Emotional
Violence Questions
Does/Did your (last) husband/
partner/boyfriend ever:
a) Say or do something to
humiliate you in front of
others?
b) Threaten to hurt or harm you
or himself or someone close to
you?
Emotional
& Economic Violence
Questions
c) Insult you or make you feel
bad about yourself?
d) Not allow you to engage in any
legitimate work nor practice
your profession?
Emotional
& Economic Violence
Questions
e) Control your own money or
properties or force you to work?
f) Destroy your personal properties,
pets or belongings, or threaten
or actually harm your pets?
g) Have other intimate
relationships?
Caveat
 Underreporting cannot be
entirely ruled out
 Caution in interpreting overall
prevalence of violence and
differentials in prevalence
between population subgroups
Challenge:
 Culture of silence surrounds
domestic violence that can affect
reporting
 Specific ethical concerns sensitivity of topic safety of
respondents and interviewers
protection of women disclosing
violence
Three specific built-in protections in
WSM:
1) Only one eligible woman in each
HH is asked of VAW
Three specific built-in protections in
WSM:
2) Informed consent was obtained
before start of individual interview;
additional statement before start of
WSM informing respondent that
succeeding questions could be
sensitive and reassuring
confidentiality of responses
Three specific built-in protections in
WSM:
3) WSM was implemented only in
privacy; if privacy could not be
obtained, skip module, thank
respondent and end interview.
Women’s safety module interviews
Urban
Rural
Total
Number of eligible women
4,410
5,048
9,458
Number of eligible women
interviewed with privacy
4,353
4,963
9,316
Women’s safety module response rate
98.7
98.3
98.5
National Statistics Office
www.census.gov.ph
www.measuredhs.com