PRIME MINISTRY REPUBLIC OF TURKEY
TURKISH STATISTICAL INSTITUTE
ENGENDERING HOUSEHOLD SURVEYS at
TURKISH STATISTICS INSTITUTE
(TURKSTAT)
Author: Deniz UYANIK
Affiliation: TURKISH STATISTICS INSTITUTE
23.7.2016
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PRIME MINISTRY REPUBLIC OF TURKEY
TURKISH STATISTICAL INSTITUTE
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I. Introduction
II. Gender Statistics Team & Gender Studies
at TURKSTAT
III. Household Surveys at Turkish Statistical Institute
23.7.2016
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PRIME MINISTRY REPUBLIC OF TURKEY
TURKISH STATISTICAL INSTITUTE
I. Introduction
Most our gender indicators date back to 1920s. The first census of
population of Turkey was carried out in 1927. The data source of gender
statistics were population censuses until household surveys started in 1980s.
When we observe women’s status in education, employment, public life, and
income, we see that women of Turkey have a great progress in the last 85
years.
Due to the multidimensional nature of gender statistics, the current
gender statistics are produced through the various surveys of TURKSTAT
and other public institutions.
TURKSTAT started an overview of Household Surveys with a gender
perspective. In this process, all the data related to gender in Turkey were
examined. And, it was decided statistically whether the data can be used. As
a result of data inventory study, the data sources that gender statistics and
gender indicators can be produced were found.
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PRIME MINISTRY REPUBLIC OF TURKEY
TURKISH STATISTICAL INSTITUTE
II. Gender Statistics Team & Gender studies
at TURKSTAT
Gender Statistics Team was established in 1993. The
duties of the team are:
 To determine the set of gender indicators
 To compile gender indicators from the related teams of
the institute
 To establish a gender statistics web page and update
regularly
 To meet information demands for various users
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PRIME MINISTRY REPUBLIC OF TURKEY
TURKISH STATISTICAL INSTITUTE
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To advice questionnaire boards for various household
surveys in revisions for gender perspective
To collaborate with general Directorate of Women’s
Status of Turkey.
To collaborate with international organizations in
providing gender statistics.
And, to make the Life Satisfaction Survey (annually)
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PRIME MINISTRY REPUBLIC OF TURKEY
TURKISH STATISTICAL INSTITUTE
III. Household Surveys at Turkish Statistical
Institute
Family Structure Survey
Family Structure Survey was carried out in 2006. It
is the first survey of TURKSTAT to measure domestic
violence. It also contains a gender perspective from the
beginning to end, and from field to data analysis. It is
planned to be carried out every five years.
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PRIME MINISTRY REPUBLIC OF TURKEY
TURKISH STATISTICAL INSTITUTE
(continued)
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The survey examines household compositions, family types,
child care, division of duties at home, gender roles,
attitudes of individuals towards family life, the values,
leisure time activities, domestic violence, religious attitudes,
expectations and conditions of the elderly, attitudes towards
media and European Union in relation with family, and many
other subjects.
The survey was designed to provide information to make
visible the status of women, youth and elderly. It is also
possible to draw out the problems and expectations of these
population groups.
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PRIME MINISTRY REPUBLIC OF TURKEY
TURKISH STATISTICAL INSTITUTE
(continued)
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The method of the survey was also gender sensitive.
The interviewers were trained to be gender sensitive
through interactive video conference system of the
institute.
Teams consisting of one female and one male
interviewers visited houses. The household members
were interviewed in separate rooms where they stayed
alone with the interviewer.
The analysis would also provide the status of women
and many other indicators for the regions of Turkey.
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PRIME MINISTRY REPUBLIC OF TURKEY
TURKISH STATISTICAL INSTITUTE
Household Labor Force Survey
Employment,
economic
activity,
occupation,
employment status, employment in informal sector,
unemployment information are collected in relation with
labor market. It is carried out monthly and published
quarterly. The results are given at NUTS 1 level.
Since 1988, the labor market data is collected
according to the recommendations and definitions of ILO.
The questionnaire was revised in line with the
harmonization of statistics with EU in 2004. The revisions
fully respond the norms and standards of European
Union.
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PRIME MINISTRY REPUBLIC OF TURKEY
TURKISH STATISTICAL INSTITUTE
(continued)
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Alongside with regular labor force indicators, some
important gender indicators that can be obtained from
Labor Force Survey are:
Work place, as home, field, mobile work place, market
place etc.
Reasons for a part-time job, as child care, care for adults
with special needs, etc. And if the reason is one of these,
the reasons for looking after these people instead of
another person or an institution are also taken.
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PRIME MINISTRY REPUBLIC OF TURKEY
TURKISH STATISTICAL INSTITUTE
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Reasons for looking for another work: as less work hours,
more work hours, etc.
Reasons for not looking for work: as child care, care for
adults with special needs, etc.
Some examples from the 2007-August Household
Survey results are;
Labor force partipication rate was 49.3% for overall Turkey,
it was 72.9% for men and it was 26.1% for women.
Of total employment amounting to 17 million 324 thousand
for men, 80.5% were employed in non-agricultural sector.
Of total employment amounting to 6 million 224 thousand
for women, 49% were employed in non-agricultural sector.
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PRIME MINISTRY REPUBLIC OF TURKEY
TURKISH STATISTICAL INSTITUTE
Life Satisfaction Research
The purpose of the research is to measure the
general happiness perception of the individual, the
general satisfaction from main life areas (health and
social security, education, work, income, personal
security and justice services, personal development
and personal support network) and to follow up the
changes in this satisfaction in time.
Life Satisfaction Survey has been carried out since
2003. It is carried out annually. The interviewers were
trained to be gender sensitive through interactive video
conference system of the institute.
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PRIME MINISTRY REPUBLIC OF TURKEY
TURKISH STATISTICAL INSTITUTE
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Household Budget Survey
It is necessary to determine the consumption
structure and the expenditure behaviors of the country.
They should also be updated and should be used in price
indexes. It is carried out annually, and the estimate level
is NUTS 1. Turkish Statistics Institute carries out
household expenditure and income surveys with certain
periods in order to:
Determine the household expenditures,
The variety of needs
The changes in consumption behaviors
The income of households
And,
socio-economic
characteristics
of
the
households
The Survey has a gender perspective through questions
on in come from home based jobs, which are mostly done
by women.
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PRIME MINISTRY REPUBLIC OF TURKEY
TURKISH STATISTICAL INSTITUTE
Poverty
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Since 2002, Household Budget Survey are carried out
annually and the poverty analysis are held using these
data.
The indicators obtained by poverty analysis are:
* absolute poverty threshold
* relative poverty threshold
* the population with a daily expenditure per
capita below 1$, 2.15$ and 4.3$
The data was collected for both women and men.
The household based analysis and measurements do not
enable to make the poverty of women visible. Further
studies are planned for poverty analysis.
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PRIME MINISTRY REPUBLIC OF TURKEY
TURKISH STATISTICAL INSTITUTE
Earning Structure Survey
The first Earning Structure Survey was carried out in
2006. It is planned to be carried out every four years. The
purpose of the survey is to collect information on weekly
normal work hours, average gross hourly payments,
average gross monthly earnings, average gross annual
earnings. The results will be given by age, sex, education,
length of service, and other demographic variables. The
variables are going to be monitored in the future.
The Earnings Structure Survey will enable the
calculation of Gender Pay Gap in 2008.
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PRIME MINISTRY REPUBLIC OF TURKEY
TURKISH STATISTICAL INSTITUTE
Time Use Survey
The main purpose of the survey is to measure the time
spent for the various activities of the population. The
participants in the households fill in a dairy. The first time
use survey was carried out in 2006. It is planned to be
carried out every five years. It is possible to give estimates
by rural and urban localities of Turkey.
The survey provides information on
 How people combine professional activities with family
life
 Housework and economic activities
 Childcare
 Leisure time activities and many other subjects.
The survey can be evaluated with a gender perspective
in the following days. The results of 2006 household survey
puts forward that most domestic activities of women are
economic activities.
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PRIME MINISTRY REPUBLIC OF TURKEY
TURKISH STATISTICAL INSTITUTE
Adult Education Survey
The Adult Education Survey is held for the first time in
Turkey. It is planned to be carried out every five years.
The questionnaire was designed on the basis of
EUROSTAT questionnaire.
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The indicators to be drawn from this database are:
Reasons not to participate in education and trainings by
sex
The cost of life long learning for an individual
Previous and current participation types of different
population groups (for example by age, sex,
educational attainment, employment status) in adult
education
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PRIME MINISTRY REPUBLIC OF TURKEY
TURKISH STATISTICAL INSTITUTE
(continued)
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The results of the survey will highly affect gender policies.
They will help to carry our policies to increase the level of
education for women. Thus it will provide gender equality
in education. The policies in adult education will increase
the personal and communal benefits. Well utilized adult
education indicators will provide a rapid social
development.
The indicators about the educational costs allocated to
women are planned to be developed. The indicators may
result in gender sensitive budgeting.
As gender statistics team, we advised on the
questionnaire to include a gender perspective.
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PRIME MINISTRY REPUBLIC OF TURKEY
TURKISH STATISTICAL INSTITUTE
Domestic Tourism Survey For Households
Domestic Tourism Survey for households covers all
individuals in households in Turkey. The domestic travels,
the tourism expenditures and information about travels are
collected through the survey. It will be carried out every
five years. However, a smaller sample survey will be
carried out each year for estimates. The tabulations are
given by age, sex, education, occupation and other
variables. The results will be given in NUTS1, Rural and
Urban of Turkey.
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PRIME MINISTRY REPUBLIC OF TURKEY
TURKISH STATISTICAL INSTITUTE
EU Statistics On Income And Living Conditions
(SILC)
The aim of SILC is to define the distribution of income
within households and persons. The survey is a panel
survey carried out in order to measure living conditions of
people, social exclusion, and poverty through an income
dimension.
The survey is carried out annually since 2005. And the
results will be given in Rural and Urban of Turkey.
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