Links, communalities and differences
between SEEAW and Eurostat/OECD-JQ
and UNSD Water Questionnaire
MEDSTAT II Environment Sector / UNESCWA / UNSD
Joint Sub-regional Training Session on the System of
Environmental-Economic Accounting for Water
(SEEAW)
Amman, March 10-13, 2008
Michael Nagy
05.04.2004 | Slide 1
MEDSTAT II Environment Sector / UNESCWA / UNSD, Amman 10-13 March 2008
Table of contents


History of environment/water statistics
Overview on statistical tables:





UNSD-Water Questionnaire 2006
Eurostat/OECD Joint Questionnaire on Inland Waters
SEEAW Standard Tables and Supplementary Tables
Links and communalities between the 3
questionnaires – in the order of UNSD-WQ tables
Conclusions
05.04.2004 | Slide 2
MEDSTAT II Environment Sector / UNESCWA / UNSD, Amman 10-13 March 2008
History of environment/water statistics
Early 1970s: Environment statistics compiled in
some countries (regulatory and administrative
purposes)
 1980s: OECD started data collection through
questionnaires
 1990s: Environmental-Economic Accounting
started
 1993: SEEA
 SEEA 2003 (revised version)
 2007: SEEAW as interim standard

05.04.2004 | Slide 3
MEDSTAT II Environment Sector / UNESCWA / UNSD, Amman 10-13 March 2008
UNSD-Water Questionnaire: Tables
Table W1
Renewable freshwater Resources
Table W2
Water Use Balance
Table W3
Freshwater Abstraction
Table W4
Water Supply Industry (ISIC 41)
Table W5
Total Water Use
Table W6
Wastewater Treatment Facilities
Table W7
Population connected to Wastewater Treatment
Table W8
Supplementary Information Sheet
05.04.2004 | Slide 4
MEDSTAT II Environment Sector / UNESCWA / UNSD, Amman 10-13 March 2008
Eurostat/OECD-JQ IW: Tables
ö
1_notes
(inflow) 1a_IF
(outflow) 1a_OF
Scheme 1
2.1
2.2
2_notes
3.1
3.2
Scheme 2
Summary table
4
4_notes
5
5_notes
6
6_notes
7
7_notes
Scheme 3
Fresh water Resources
Fresh water Resources - Explanatary notes
Actual external inflow from neighbouring territories
Actual outflow to neighbouring territories
Simplified hydrological cycle
Annual water abstraction by source
Other sources of water
Annual water abstraction by source and Other sources of water - Explanatary notes
Water use by supply category
Water use by industrial activity
Freshwater flows
Water use balance
National population connected to waste water treatment plants
National population connected to waste water treatment plants - Explanatary notes
Treatment capacity of waste water treatment plants in terms of BOD
Treatment capacity of waste water treatment plants in terms of BOD - Explanatary notes
Sewage sludge production and disposal
Sewage sludge production and disposal - Explanatary notes
Generation and discharge of waste water
Generation and discharge of waste water - Explanatary notes
MEDSTAT II Environment Sector / UNESCWA / UNSD, Amman 10-13 March 2008
05.04.2004 | Slide 5
SEEAW Tables

Standard Tables:





Standard physical supply and use tables (PSUT)
Emission accounts
Hybrid supply and use tables
Asset accounts
Supplementary tables:





PSUT: breakdown of use-types and returns (e.g. mining water,
irrigation water, cooling water,…)
Flows of water within the economy
Emission accounts: Emission breakdown to surfacewater /
groundwaters; amounts of sludge
Quality accounts
Social indicators: e.g. sustainable access to improved water
sources
05.04.2004 | Slide 6
MEDSTAT II Environment Sector / UNESCWA / UNSD, Amman 10-13 March 2008
UNSD-WQ: W1 – Renewable Freshwater
Resources
Line
Category
Unit
1
Precipitation
mio m3/y
2
Actual evapotranspiration
mio m3/y
3
Internal flow (=1-2)
mio m3/y
4
Inflow of surface and groundwaters
mio m3/y
5
Renewable freshwater resources (=3+4)
mio m3/y
6
Outflow of surface and groundwaters
mio m3/y
7
Regular freshwater resources 95% of the
time
mio m3/y
MEDSTAT II Environment Sector / UNESCWA / UNSD, Amman 10-13 March 2008
05.04.2004 | Slide 7
Hydrological Cycle (Eurostat / OECD)
05.04.2004 | Slide 8
MEDSTAT II Environment Sector / UNESCWA / UNSD, Amman 10-13 March 2008
UNSD-WQ: W1 – Renewable Freshwater
Resources

Corresponds to Eurostat/OECD-JQ T1 – Freshwater
resources


+/- identical variables
slightly different terminology, e.g.:





Inflow of surface and groundwaters (UNSD)  Actual external inflow
(Eurostat/OECD)
Outflow of surface and groundwaters (UNSD)  Total actual outflow
(Eurostat/OECD)
UNSD-WQ: less variables
Eurostat/OECD: Supplementary tables on inflow and outflow
Link to SEEAW-Table: asset accounts




Increases in stocks can be taken from W1 (or T1): Precipitation,
Inflows
Decreases in stocks can be taken from W1 (or T1): Outflow,
Actual evapotranspiration
Water abstraction can be taken from UNSD-WQ W2 (Net water
abstraction)
UNSD and Eurostat/OECD deal with renewable water resources
05.04.2004 | Slide 9
only, no stocks
MEDSTAT II Environment Sector / UNESCWA / UNSD, Amman 10-13 March 2008
UNSD-WQ: W2 – Water Use Balance
Line
Category
Unit
1
Gross freshwater abstracted (=W3,1)
mio m3/y
2
Water returned without use
mio m3/y
3
Net freshwater abstracted (=1-2)
mio m3/y
4
Desalinated water
mio m3/y
5
Reused water
mio m3/y
6
Imports of water
mio m3/y
7
Exports of water
mio m3/y
8
Total freshwater made available for use
(=3+4+5+6-7)
mio m3/y
9
Leakage during transport (=W4,4)
mio m3/y
10
Wastewater generated (=11+12+13)
mio m3/y
11
of which: Discharged to inland water bodies
mio m3/y
12
Discharged to marine water bodies
mio m3/y
13
Reused water (=5)
mio m3/y
14
Consumptive water use (=8-9-10)
mio m3/y
15
Water consumption (=14+12)
mio m3/y05.04.2004 | Slide 10
MEDSTAT II Environment Sector / UNESCWA / UNSD, Amman 10-13 March 2008
UNSD-WQ: W2 – Water Use Balance
Water flow schema of Eurostat/OECD-JQ on Inland Waters
A
Abstraction
C
Consumptive water use
CW
Cooling water
CWI
Cooling water discharged to Inland waters
CWM
Cooling water discharged to Marine waters
DsW
Desalinated Water
Ex
Exports
Im
Imports
L
Losses by leakage
Le
Losses by evaporation
RuW
Reused water
Rw
Returned water
S
Supply
WAU
Total water available for use within the territory
WW
Waste water generated
WWI
Waste water discharged to Inland waters
WWM
MEDSTAT II Environment Sector / UNESCWA / UNSD, Amman 10-13 March 2008
05.04.2004
Slide
11
Waste water
discharged to|Marine
waters
UNSD-WQ: W2 – Water Use Balance

Corresponds to Eurostat/OECD-JQ T Water Use Balance

Identical concept:



Consumptive water use = Freshwater abstraction – leakages – wastewater
generation
Water consumption = Consumptive water use + Discharges to the sea
Links to SEEAW PSUT (Columns „Total use“, „Total supply“)
No disaggregation for different industries in W2
 UNSD-WQ data can be used to compile total abstraction and total
returns
 slightly different concept regarding re-used water
 Main difference:Water used for hydropower is NOT COVERED by
UNSD/Eurostat/OECD – Water Questionnaires

05.04.2004 | Slide 12
MEDSTAT II Environment Sector / UNESCWA / UNSD, Amman 10-13 March 2008
UNSD-WQ: W3 – Freshwater abstraction
1
2
Gross freshwater abstracted (=11+21) (=2+3+4+5+6+7+8)
Water abstraction by water supply industry (ISIC 41) (=12+22)
mio m3/y
mio m3/y
Direct abstraction by:
3
Households (=13+23)
mio m3/y
4
Agriculture, forestry and fishing (ISIC 01-05) (=14+24)
mio m3/y
6
Manufacturing industries (ISIC 15-37) (15+25)
mio m3/y
7
Electricity industry (ISIC 40) (16+26)
mio m3/y
8
Other economic activities (=17+27)
mio m3/y
+ disaggregation of same variables for surface water and groundwater
05.04.2004 | Slide 13
MEDSTAT II Environment Sector / UNESCWA / UNSD, Amman 10-13 March 2008
UNSD-WQ: W3 – Freshwater abstraction

Corresponds to Eurostat/OECD-JQ T2 Annual
freshwater abstraction by source


Same structure and variables
Eurostat/OECD has additional variables:
Breakdown of cooling water of manufacturing industry
 Supplementary table: Other sources of water


Links to SEEAW physical use table:


Similar breakdown into industries and households
UNSD-WQ data can be used to complete part „Abstraction
from the environment“
05.04.2004 | Slide 14
MEDSTAT II Environment Sector / UNESCWA / UNSD, Amman 10-13 March 2008
UNSD-WQ: W4 – Water supply industry
(ISIC 41  ISIC 36)
Line
Category
Unit
1
Gross freshwater delivered by water supply industry
(ISIC 41)
mio m3/y
2
Freshwater losses during transport
mio m3/y
3
4
5
of which: Losses by evaporation
Losses by leakage
Net freshwater delivered by water supply industry (ISIC
41) (=1-2)
(=6+7+8+9+10)
mio m3/y
mio m3/y
mio m3/y
of which delivered to:
6
Households
mio m3/y
7
Agriculture, forestry and fishing (ISIC 01-05)
mio m3/y
8
Manufacturing (ISIC 15-37)
mio m3/y
9
Electricity industry (ISIC 40)
mio m3/y
10
Other economic activities
mio m3/y
Population supplied by water supply industry (ISIC 41)
11
Population supplied by water supply industry (ISIC 41)
MEDSTAT II Environment Sector / UNESCWA / UNSD, Amman 10-13 March 2008
%
05.04.2004 | Slide 15
UNSD-WQ: W4 – Water supply industry
(ISIC 41  ISIC 36)

Corresponds to Eurostat/OECD-JQ T 3.1 - Water
use by supply category, part „Public water
supply“ and „Losses during transport“:


Links to SEEAW PSUT:



Eurostat/OECD-JQ has breakdown for cooling water of
manufacturing industries
Use data to compile figures for „Use of water received
from other economic units“
Note: Flows within ISIC 41 (36) are not covered by
UNSD/Eurostat/OECD
Link to SEEAW social indicators:

Consider data on „Population supplied“ in the compilation
of „sustainable access to an improved water source“
05.04.2004 | Slide 16
MEDSTAT II Environment Sector / UNESCWA / UNSD, Amman 10-13 March 2008
UNSD-WQ: W5 – Total water use
Line
1
Category
Freshwater use, total (=2+3+5+6+7)
Unit
mio m3/y
of which used by:
2
Households
mio m3/y
3
Agriculture, forestry and fishing
(ISIC 01-05)
mio m3/y
4
of which for irrigation in agriculture
mio m3/y
5
Manufacturing (ISIC 15-37)
mio m3/y
6
Electricity industry (ISIC 40)
mio m3/y
7
Other economic activities
mio m3/y
05.04.2004 | Slide 17
MEDSTAT II Environment Sector / UNESCWA / UNSD, Amman 10-13 March 2008
UNSD-WQ: W5 – Total water use

No directly corresponding table in Eurostat/OECDJQ:



Self supply (T3.1) ≈ Total water use (W5) - Freshwater
abstraction (W3)
Eurostat/OECD-JQ has a breakdown for cooling water of
manufacturing industries
Link to SEEAW PSUT:


Equal to total use of water per industry (use table)
Note: Flows within same industries are not covered by
UNSD/Eurostat/OECD
05.04.2004 | Slide 18
MEDSTAT II Environment Sector / UNESCWA / UNSD, Amman 10-13 March 2008
UNSD-WQ: W6 – Wastewater treatment
facilities
Line
Category
Unit
Primary urban wastewater treatment
1
Number of plants
2
Design capacity (Volume)
3
Design capacity (BOD)
4
Actual occupation (Volume)
5
Actual occupation (BOD)
Number
1000 m3/d
1000 kg O2/d
1000 m3/d
1000 kg O2/d
Secondary urban wastewater treatment
6
Number of plants
7
Design capacity (Volume)
8
Design capacity (BOD)
9
Actual occupation (Volume)
10
Actual occupation (BOD)
Number
1000 m3/d
1000 kg O2/d
1000 m3/d
1000 kg O2/d
Independent wastewater treatment
11
Actual occupation (BOD)
1000 kg O2/d
Sewage sludge production
12
Sewage sludge production (dry matter)
MEDSTAT II Environment Sector / UNESCWA / UNSD, Amman 10-13 March 2008
1000 t
05.04.2004 | Slide 19
UNSD-WQ: W6 – Wastewater treatment
facilities

Corresponds to:



Differences:



Eurostat/OECD-JQ T 5 – Treatment capacity of
wastewater treatment plants in terms of BOD
Eurostat/OECD-JQ T 6 – Sewage sludge production and
disposal
UNSD-WQ: effluent BOD is missing
Eurostat/OECD-JQ additionally: tertiary treatment, more
about independent treatment (e.g. capacity and effluent
BOD), concept of „Other wastewater treatment“, sludge
disposal routes
1 link to SEEAW tables: Sewage sludge quantity
05.04.2004 | Slide 20
MEDSTAT II Environment Sector / UNESCWA / UNSD, Amman 10-13 March 2008
UNSD-WQ: W7 – Population connected to
wastewater treatment
Line
Category
Unit
1
Population connected to urban wastewater collecting
system
% of pop.
2
3
Population connected to urban wastewater
treatment
of which
at least secondary treatment
% of pop.
% of pop.
4
Population with independent wastewater treatment
(eg septic tanks)
% of pop.
5
of which at least secondary treatment
% of pop.
6
Population not connected to wastewater treatment (100% % of pop.
(2) - (4))
05.04.2004 | Slide 21
MEDSTAT II Environment Sector / UNESCWA / UNSD, Amman 10-13 March 2008
UNSD-WQ: W7 – Population connected to
wastewater treatment

Corresponds to Eurostat/OECD-JQ T4 –
National population connected to
wastewater treatment plants. JQ more
detailled:



Tertiary treatment
Other wastewater treatment
Link to SEEAW:

Data should be considered in the calculation of
„access to improved sanitation“
05.04.2004 | Slide 22
MEDSTAT II Environment Sector / UNESCWA / UNSD, Amman 10-13 March 2008
Eurostat/OECD-JQ Table 7: Generation and
discharge of waste water
S OU RC ES
C OL LEC TIN G S YS TEM S
TR EA TM E NTS
R EC EIV IN G W AT ER S
PO IN T SO U RC E S :
A gr icultur e
W W 5 .2 .2
In d us tr ial Activities W W _ 5
• M in ing an d q uar r yin g
• M anu factu rin g In d ustr y
• Pr od ./D is tr . E lectr icity
• Co n stru ctio n
W W 5 .2 .1
IW W P
W W 7 .2
W W 5 .1
W W 4 .1
D om estic Sector W W _4
• Oth er activ ities
• H o useh olds
NO N -P OI N T S OU R C E S:
• R un - of f r ain water
• Ag r icu ltu r e
• Atm osp h eric d ep os ition
W W 5 .2
W W 6 .2
Urb a n W as te
W a ter Co llecting
Sy st em
W W 7 .1
U W W TP
W W 6 .1
WW 7
WW 6
In depen den t W as te
W a t er C ollecting
Sy st em
W W 6 .3
W W 4 .2 .2
Ind ep end ent
trea tm en t
W W 4 .2
W W 4 .2 .1
R ainw ater ru n -o ff f ro m pav ed ar ea,
inf iltr atio n and d r ain ag e into
co llectin g s ystem
SL U D GE S
D rain age fr o m s oils , d irect tr ans fer s etc.
05.04.2004 | Slide 23
MEDSTAT II Environment Sector / UNESCWA / UNSD, Amman 10-13 March 2008
I
n
l
a
n
d
W
a
t
e
r
Eurostat/OECD-JQ Table 7: Generation and
discharge of waste water


Covers all wastewater flows from generation to
discharge per type of industry
Parameters:








Volume
BOD
N
P
Suspended solids
Heavy Metals
No corresponding UNSD-WQ table
Can be used as basis for calculation of SEEAW
Emission Accounts
05.04.2004 | Slide 24
MEDSTAT II Environment Sector / UNESCWA / UNSD, Amman 10-13 March 2008
CONCLUSIONS I

UNSD-WQ and Eurostat/OECD-JQ use identical
concepts:






Can be used complementary to provide a global picture
Eurostat/OECD-JQ is more disaggregated
Eurostat/OECD-JQ deals additionally with industrial
wastewater and non-point sources
Eurostat/OECD-JQ deals additionally with WW quality aspects
Some terms are slightly different
Main difference: UNSD Definition of wastewater includes
cooling water whereas Eurostat/OECD-JQ excludes cooling
water from its wastewater definition
05.04.2004 | Slide 25
MEDSTAT II Environment Sector / UNESCWA / UNSD, Amman 10-13 March 2008
CONCLUSIONS II

UNSD-WQ/Eurostat/OECD-JQ versus SEEAW:





SEEAW follows strictly ISIC classification; UNSDWQ/Eurostat/OECD-JQ relate more to ownership (e.g. public
water supply, urban wastewater treatment)
Concept „total supply“ in SEEAW is different from „supply“ in
UNSD-WQ/Eurostat/OECD-JQ
SEEAW includes the use of water in hydroelectric power
generation
SEEAW concept of „soil water“ does not exist in the other
questionnaires
No economic information in UNSD-WQ/Eurostat/OECD-JQ
05.04.2004 | Slide 26
MEDSTAT II Environment Sector / UNESCWA / UNSD, Amman 10-13 March 2008
Conclusions III



UNSD-WQ and Eurostat/OECD-JQ are an
important data basis for compilation of SEEAW
Data have to be used carefully, since not all
definitions and concepts are harmonized yet
Questionnaires are currently brought in line (step
by step):



Terminology
Definitions
Concepts and classifications
05.04.2004 | Slide 27
MEDSTAT II Environment Sector / UNESCWA / UNSD, Amman 10-13 March 2008
Thank you very much for your
attention!
michael.nagy@umweltbundesamt.at
05.04.2004 | Slide 28
MEDSTAT II Environment Sector / UNESCWA / UNSD, Amman 10-13 March 2008