Eclipse Icefield 1996 Core Accumulation, Stable Isotope, and Major Ion Data
----------------------------------------------------------------------World Data Center for Paleoclimatology, Boulder
and
NOAA Paleoclimatology Program
----------------------------------------------------------------------NOTE: PLEASE CITE CONTRIBUTORS WHEN USING THIS DATA!!!!!
NAME OF DATA SET:
Eclipse Icefield 1996 Core Accumulation, Stable Isotope, and Major Ion Data
LAST UPDATE: 4/2007 (Original receipt by WDC Paleo)
CONTRIBUTORS: Cameron P. Wake and Kaplan Yalcin
IGBP PAGES/WDCA CONTRIBUTION SERIES NUMBER: 2007-039
SUGGESTED DATA CITATION: Yalcin, K., et al. 2007.
Eclipse Icefield 1996 Core Accumulation, Stable Isotope, and Major Ion Data.
IGBP PAGES/World Data Center for Paleoclimatology
Data Contribution Series # 2007-039.
NOAA/NCDC Paleoclimatology Program, Boulder CO, USA.
ORIGINAL REFERENCES: Yalcin, K. and C.P. Wake. 2001.
Anthropogenic signals recorded in an ice core from Eclipse Icefield,
Yukon Territory.
Geophysical Research Letters, Vol. 28, pp. 4487-4490.
Wake, C., K. Yalcin, and N. Gundestrup. 2002.
The climate signal recorded in the oxygen isotope, accumulation,
and major ion time-series from the Eclipse Ice Core, Yukon Territory.
Annals of Glaciology, Vol. 35, pp. 416-422.
Yalcin, K., C.P. Wake and M. Germani. 2003.
A 100-year record of North Pacific volcanism in an ice core from
Eclipse Icefield, Yukon Territory, Canada.
Journal of Geophysical Research, Vol. 108, 10.1029/2002JD00244.
GEOGRAPHIC REGION: Northwest Canada, St. Elias Mountains, Yukon
PERIOD OF RECORD: 1895 - 1994 AD
FUNDING SOURCE: U.S. National Science Foundation
DESCRIPTION:
A 160 m ice core was recovered in June 1996 from Eclipse Icefield
(60.51 degrees N, 139.47 degrees W, 3017 m elevation).
Visible stratigraphy (location and thickness of ice layers) and density
measurements were made in the field, and then the core was shipped frozen
to the University of New Hampshire. The core was continuously sampled in
10 cm segments, corresponding to a minimum of 12 samples per year.
Above the firn-ice transition which occurs at 45 m depth, core was scraped
on an acrylic lathe system under a laminar flow bench using a titanium scraper
so that all surface and sub-surface contamination from the drilling process
was removed. Below the firn-ice transition, samples were cut into 3 x 3 cm
pieces 10 cm long and the middle of the samples melted out using a custom
made melter also used to sample the GISP2 ice core.
Samples were analyzed for major ions (Na+, NH4+, K+, Mg2+, Ca2+, Cl-, NO3-, SO42-)
using a Dionex model 2010 ion chromatograph in a dedicated laboratory at the
University of New Hampshire. The cation system used a CS12A column with CSRS-ultra
suppressor in auto suppression recycle mode with 20 mM MSA eluent. The anion system
used an AS11 column with an ASRS-ultra suppressor in auto suppression recycle mode
with 6 mM NaOH eluent. Analytical precision was monitored by analyzing 10% of the
samples in duplicate and found to be 11% for K+, 10% for NH4+, 7% for Na+, and
less than 5% for all other species. Aliquots of the same samples were also
analyzed for oxygen isotopes (delta 18O) at the Stable Isotope Laboratory in
Copenhagen, Denmark (precision ± 0.05‰).
Chronology of the Eclipse ice core is based on multi-parameter annual layer
counting
of seasonal oscillations in the stable isotope and major ion records
(especially Na+ and NH4+). Age control on the chronology established via annual
layer
counting is provided by the 1963 and 1961 beta activity reference horizons and
volcanic reference horizons identified by statistical analysis of the sulfate
record
and verified by tephrochronology. The resulting time scale indicates that the
Eclipse 1996 ice core covers the period 1894 to 1996, with dating error in the core
estimated to be +1 year based on the number of independently dated horizons.
The chemical data presented here are at sub-annual resolution, and annually
averaged.
Data for the years 1894, 1995, and 1996 are incomplete and not included in the
annual averages.
DATA:
1. Annual averages.
See also detailed sub-annual data below.
Column
Column
Column
Column
Column
Column
Column
Column
Column
Column
Column
1: Year AD
2: Accumulation in meters water equivalent density
3: Delta 18O per mil
4: Na+ in micro-equivalents per liter
5: NH4+ in micro-equivalents per liter
6: K+ in micro-equivalents per liter
7: Mg2+ in micro-equivalents per liter
8: Ca2+ in micro-equivalents per liter
9: Cl- in micro-equivalents per liter
10: NO3- in micro-equivalents per liter
11: SO42- in micro-equivalents per liter
Year
NO3
1994
0.44
1993
0.78
1992
0.61
1991
0.74
1990
0.53
1989
0.44
Accum.
SO4
1.53
0.72
1.67
1.73
1.97
1.23
1.39
1.21
1.51
1.09
1.38
1.11
Delta18O
Na
NH4
K
Mg
Ca
Cl
-25.33
0.39
0.57
0.03
0.72
1.87
0.41
-25.16
0.47
0.47
0.04
0.77
2.31
0.58
-26.37
0.49
0.35
0.02
1.11
2.6
0.57
-25.22
0.58
0.56
0.02
0.7
1.62
0.68
-24.88
0.35
0.53
0.02
0.53
1.61
0.57
-24.91
0.25
0.34
0.01
0.55
2.05
0.47
1988
0.77
1987
0.59
1986
0.64
1985
0.76
1984
0.48
1983
0.23
1982
0.74
1981
0.64
1980
0.49
1979
0.75
1978
1.75
1977
0.37
1976
0.48
1975
0.52
1974
0.63
1973
0.63
1972
0.77
1971
0.8
1970
0.67
1969
0.58
1968
0.35
1967
0.65
1966
0.76
1965
0.73
1964
0.49
1963
0.52
1962
0.55
1961
0.45
1960
0.49
1.78
1.04
1.46
0.7
1.48
1.44
1.54
1.5
1.09
0.98
1.53
0.47
0.96
1.42
1.99
1.21
1.57
1.04
1.45
1.53
1.6
5.38
1.25
0.76
0.54
0.77
0.89
1.24
1.62
1.82
1.53
1.15
0.72
1.43
1.39
1.3
1.49
1.68
1.09
1.23
1.17
0.64
1.37
1.37
1.29
1.24
1.77
1.76
0.91
1.3
1.29
1.73
1.52
1.12
1.83
1.02
1.88
1.34
-25.3
0.32
0.55
0.03
0.71
1.93
0.45
-25.5
0.28
0.21
0.03
0.32
0.8
0.34
-25.15
0.46
0.46
0.04
0.51
1.62
0.57
-25.92
0.56
0.52
0.05
0.49
1.31
0.63
-25.67
0.81
0.3
0.03
0.65
2.04
1
-24.58
0.06
0.09
0.01
0.13
0.45
0.09
-24.6
0.2
0.45
0.03
0.5
1.82
0.39
-24.48
0.29
0.34
0.03
0.56
1.68
0.47
-25.18
0.67
0.3
0.04
0.52
1.12
0.83
-25.14
0.64
0.57
0.07
0.83
2.37
0.86
-25.93
2.92
1.3
0.2
1.35
6.26
1.31
-25.43
0.67
0.86
0.06
0.29
0.82
0.54
-25.33
0.22
0.73
0.03
0.67
1.61
0.27
-25.71
0.37
0.65
0.04
0.55
1.31
0.54
-26.36
0.77
0.65
0.05
0.69
2
1.13
-24.78
0.08
0.88
0.02
0.53
1.13
0.23
-26.59
0.35
0.92
0.02
1.87
4.6
0.48
-24.49
0.2
0.7
0.03
1.23
2.72
0.35
-25.25
0.39
1.01
0.07
0.97
2.73
0.51
-25.2
0.31
0.68
0.06
0.74
1.68
0.49
-24.96
0.35
0.62
0.04
1.17
1.96
0.46
-25.22
0.55
0.93
0.05
0.95
2.16
0.65
-25.37
0.34
0.77
0.09
0.75
2.3
0.42
-24.91
0.39
0.56
0.03
1.01
2.77
0.6
-25.54
0.31
0.54
0.03
1.19
2.83
0.42
-25.53
0.41
0.44
0.03
0.96
2.34
0.51
-25.52
0.39
0.61
0.02
0.63
1.55
0.5
-25.4
0.3
0.8
0.05
0.61
1.41
0.36
-25.56
0.59
0.61
0.07
0.89
2.2
0.6
1959
0.47
1958
0.3
1957
0.52
1956
0.4
1955
0.46
1954
0.39
1953
0.3
1952
0.45
1951
0.7
1950
0.32
1949
0.43
1948
0.54
1947
0.43
1946
0.46
1945
0.6
1944
0.34
1943
0.25
1942
0.62
1941
0.37
1940
0.31
1939
0.44
1938
0.39
1937
0.55
1936
0.28
1935
0.64
1934
0.39
1933
0.45
1932
0.3
1931
0.47
1.83
1.8
1.12
0.82
1.68
1.37
0.84
1.08
1.01
1.23
1.6
0.94
1.3
0.99
1.44
1.6
1.33
1.31
0.8
0.77
1.27
1.11
1.27
1.1
1.5
0.73
1.13
1.07
1.25
1.58
1.91
0.69
1.81
0.66
1.57
0.99
1.7
0.81
1.22
0.76
1.43
1.25
1.51
0.78
0.91
1.29
1.3
0.81
1.69
1.49
1.45
0.47
1.92
0.74
1.32
0.76
1.56
1
-24.3
0.33
0.55
0.03
1.06
2.42
0.41
-25.74
0.35
0.12
0.02
0.41
0.84
0.43
-24.21
0.44
0.35
0.03
0.96
2.87
0.56
-25.93
0.5
0.46
0.03
0.76
1.6
0.61
-24.99
0.14
0.69
0.02
0.75
1.95
0.34
-25.27
0.6
0.57
0.03
0.79
2.08
0.74
-25.45
0.39
0.48
0.02
0.61
1.09
0.66
-24.6
0.45
0.45
0.03
0.7
2.05
0.66
-24.11
0.34
0.75
0.03
1.42
3.79
0.45
-25.71
0.52
0.56
0.03
1.21
4.19
0.49
-25.33
0.38
0.69
0.03
0.84
2.18
0.42
-25.33
0.27
0.43
0.03
0.83
1.92
0.35
-25.6
0.28
0.6
0.03
0.66
1.65
0.47
-25.49
0.47
0.79
0.04
0.74
1.96
0.72
-26.36
0.54
0.83
0.04
0.94
2.69
0.59
-25.44
0.27
0.2
0.05
0.49
1.18
0.31
-25.5
0.64
0.41
0.02
0.44
0.8
0.68
-25.27
0.38
1.43
0.04
0.75
1.81
0.45
-25.55
0.69
0.59
0.04
0.71
1.71
0.74
-24.8
0.17
0.21
0.01
0.63
1.46
0.23
-25.53
0.56
0.52
0.04
0.67
1.35
0.74
-25.43
0.19
0.66
0.02
0.55
1.26
0.27
-24.91
0.23
0.48
0.05
0.57
1.55
0.36
-23.22
1.07
0.2
0.04
0.46
0.79
1.31
-24.06
0.28
0.51
0.03
0.85
3.11
0.4
-25.36
0.31
0.18
0.01
0.38
0.77
0.39
-23.92
0.25
1.24
0.02
0.5
1.17
0.25
-26.74
0.47
1.9
0.02
0.66
1.62
0.55
-25.35
0.38
1.5
0.04
0.69
1.89
0.48
1930
0.31
1929
0.31
1928
0.49
1927
0.28
1926
0.48
1925
0.36
1924
0.35
1923
0.24
1922
0.36
1921
0.89
1920
0.42
1919
0.42
1918
0.33
1917
0.58
1916
0.38
1915
0.48
1914
0.25
1913
0.45
1912
0.37
1911
0.41
1910
0.61
1909
0.51
1908
0.35
1907
0.27
1906
0.38
1905
0.29
1904
0.43
1903
0.37
1902
0.51
1.44
1
1.91
1
1.53
0.85
1.04
0.54
0.96
1.3
1.83
0.83
1.34
0.91
1.66
0.65
1.23
0.87
1.22
1.66
1.05
0.96
1.4
1.13
1.38
1.21
1.27
2.05
1.35
1.22
1.04
1.01
1.27
1.02
1.74
1.97
1.46
3.75
1.53
0.85
1.21
1.21
1.14
0.97
1.44
1.02
1.98
1.17
1.24
0.71
1.18
0.63
1.62
1.1
1.42
0.95
1.22
1.29
-25.95
0.66
1.16
0.04
0.71
1.78
0.74
-25.01
0.57
1.08
0.06
0.64
1.56
0.66
-25.81
0.29
0.85
0.03
0.78
2.08
0.35
-25.96
0.3
0.27
0.03
1.1
2.2
0.3
-25.81
0.42
0.35
0.04
0.62
2.23
0.42
-24.08
0.26
0.23
0.02
0.39
0.82
0.32
-26.35
0.48
0.31
0.03
0.49
1.45
0.57
-25.52
0.47
0.31
0.03
0.59
1.17
0.51
-25.54
0.54
0.23
0.03
0.85
1.98
0.56
-25.68
0.6
0.43
0.06
1.41
4.18
0.66
-26.13
0.26
0.9
0.03
0.79
2.07
0.32
-24.96
0.41
0.32
0.04
0.6
1.64
0.49
-25.79
0.24
0.26
0.02
0.8
1.74
0.27
-25.92
0.58
0.39
0.08
1.02
3.01
1
-25.22
0.29
0.25
0.04
0.67
1.57
0.38
-26.15
0.21
0.53
0.05
1.67
3.28
0.3
-26.05
1.59
0.16
0.05
0.67
0.93
1.23
-26.28
0.5
0.57
0.08
0.6
1.47
0.74
-24.43
0.54
0.27
0.04
0.83
1.51
7.76
-25.44
0.41
0.35
0.03
0.66
1.51
0.55
-26.64
0.43
0.54
0.04
0.74
1.68
0.52
-26.61
0.37
0.63
0.04
0.74
1.65
0.39
-26.55
0.76
0.3
0.07
0.84
1.87
0.78
-24.96
0.64
0.16
0.02
0.57
0.95
0.72
-26.02
0.19
0.42
0.03
0.82
1.63
0.24
-25.2
0.38
0.23
0.03
0.76
1.53
0.47
-25.73
0.26
0.21
0.03
0.74
1.69
0.45
-25.75
0.61
0.41
0.05
0.58
1.28
0.78
-25.07
0.48
0.24
0.04
0.72
1.7
0.89
1901
0.4
1900
0.42
1899
0.6
1898
0.59
1897
0.43
1896
0.95
1895
0.58
1.09
0.75
1.74
0.8
1.28
0.99
1.38
0.92
1.52
0.89
1.03
1.67
1.84
0.96
-25.35
0.26
0.22
0.01
0.44
1.24
0.72
-24.12
0.1
0.4
0.01
0.46
1.15
0.2
-25.67
0.48
0.52
0.03
0.92
2.57
0.86
-25.84
0.41
0.99
0.08
0.72
1.94
0.46
-26.04
0.42
0.42
0.05
0.78
1.75
0.56
-24.95
0.54
0.58
0.13
0.87
2.67
1.36
-24.92
0.27
0.51
0.03
0.45
1.16
0.36