Manufacturing & Industrial
Location Theory – Chapter 10
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Questions
Review
Handling Power point files
E-Stat
Labour
Energy
Environment Issues
Handling PowerPoint
Presentations for Study
• File →Print preview →print what →6 slides
per page
• To eliminate background graphics and
dark colours
– Format →Slide design →Color scheme (light)
– Format → Background (checkbox), apply to
all
Using E-Stat
• No more Census hard copy!
• Educational gateway to Statistics Canada for
education
• Library→Web resources →Government
information →E-Stat →English →Accept
→Search Census →Geographic area →Large
urban centres…Census Tracts
Using E-Stat
• Select data: Population and dwelling
counts
• Select geography: Large urban centres in
the prairies-Lethbridge
• Select characteristics: (click+ctrl OR
click+shift)
Using E-Stat
• Select output format: Table areas as rows
• Counts or percentage of total?
• Map
Figure 1: Density dot map of Lethbridge City, 2001
Source: Statistics Canada E-Stat 2001 Census of Population, Population
and Dwellings Count, 46 Large Urban Centres, Census Tracts Lethbridge,
Alberta. Accessed 16 Nov 2004
http://0-estat.statcan.ca.darius.uleth.ca/cgi-win/CNSMCGI.EXE
Labour costs
• Labour intensive, unskilled
Industrial processes
• Textiles
• Clothing
• Footwear
• Low labour cost locations
• Urban → rural (or down urban hierarchy)
• North → south (U.S.)
• Core → periphery
• e.g. Novatel - JRC
Labour productivity
• Varies from region to region
• Depends on
• Industrial structure
• Education
• Technology
• Capital
Source: Baldwin et al Statistics Canada 2001
Source: Baldwin et al Statistics Canada 2001
Labour and skills
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Sharply differentiated
Division of labour
Skills training
Deskilling
Energy
• Renewable:
• Hydro-electric
• Solar, wind
• Tidal, geothermal
• Non-renewable
• Fossil fuels: coal, oil, gas
• Nuclear fission
Aluminum
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Electrolysis
Alumina+Carbon→Aluminum+CO2
Alumina from bauxite, gross RM
No bauxite in Canada, subtropical regions only!
• Canada is world class Al producer
• Kitimat and Alma/Arvida
ALCAN, Alma, Quebec
July
1994
Solar panel, July 2004
Water well, 2004
Upland Water
trough, still
in use! Runs
all winter.
Environmental Factors
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Impact varies
By industry
By technology
By region, depending on policy
Dryden,
Ontario
Environmental Impact
• 1970s - Hg in water 900 kms
downstream on EnglishWabigoon River system
• Grassy Narrows IR
• Blindness, nervous disorders,
birth defects, Minimata disease
• Dryden Chemicals→
• Weyerhauser
Environment and
Industrial Location
• Environmental Impact
Assessment
• Due diligence or
• costly bureaucratic hurdle that
discourages progress?
• Brownfield site expansion
• Greenfield development
Beef Evaluation
Advisory Committee
• Wastewater –
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On-site pre-treatment
Continuous sampling
City needs organics in sewage!
If 1 of 5 major waste water
producers goes off line, problems
• Cogeneration: more solids, more
electricity