• Presenter：Bo-Ying Syu • Adviser： Dr. Pei-Jarn Chen • Data： 2013/6/5
•
Presenter ： Bo-Ying Syu
•
Adviser ： Dr. Pei-Jarn Chen
•
Data ： 2013/6/5
Introduction
Papers Review
Material and Methods
Future works
References
Introduction
( 1 / 6 )
Spinal Cord Injury
Incidence of 40 new cases per million people throughout the world each year
Mean age : 28.6 years old
Sensory and autonomic dysfunctions, the degree of which is characteristic for the severity of the SCI
Introduction
( 2 / 6 )
Experimental studies of pharmacology, neuropathology and pathophysiology commonly measure the motor function of rats.
The behavioural performance can be used as an index for neural disease process or therapy efficiency.
Introduction
( 3 / 6 )
Use Aneurysm-clip with spinal cord damage
Destruction of parts T7 、 T8 、 T9
Thoracic Vertebrae
Introduction
( 5 / 6 )
Measurement methods
Locomotor tests Motor tests Sensory tests Sensory motor tests
Cold sensitivity-based tests
Primary open-field tests
BBB test
Limb grip strength test
Footprint analysis test
Footprint analysis test
Introduction
( 5 / 6 )
BBB test
B asso, B eatie and B resnahan Test
Two or three researchers as a group and record score, then average these score
BBB Score
Divided into 0-21, degree is to be used to evaluate the spinal cord injury.
Introduction
( 6 / 6 )
BBB Score
Scores from 0 to 7
( Indicate the return of isolated movements in the hip 、 knee and ankle joints )
Scores from 8 to 13
( Indicate the return of paw placement and coordinated movements with the forelimbs )
Scores from 14 to 21
( Show the return of toe clearance during stepping, predominant paw position , trunk stability and tail position )
PAW PRINT GAIT ANALYSIS IN RATS
WITH SPINAL CORD INJURY
MAY, 2007
MALU TANSEY ,KEITH TANSEY ,SHUXIN LI
Material and Methods
Surgical procedure and contusion
:
Long-Evans rats (n=10)
Destruction of parts : T9 (182 to 227 kdyn)
Postoperative : Baytril
Material and Methods
High-speed video camera (fps=80)
On the treadmill
DigiGait analysis software
BBB score
Material and Methods
Two to six weeks postoperatively
5 cm/s every thirty seconds
Five consecutive strides
Material and Methods
Parameters were assessed:
Stride length
Stance width
Stance-to-swing ratio
Results
•
Stride length increased 1.2-fold from the second to third week and then remained relatively constant at each time point.
(stride/s at 25 cm/s)
A semi-automated software tool to study treadmill locomotion in the rat From experiment videos to statistical gait analysis
May 2010
P. Gravela, ∗ , M. Tremblayb, H. Leblondb, S.
Rossignolb, J.A. de Guisec
Methods
Adult wistar rats (n = 6)
High-speed area scan camera (fps=120,
DS-41-300K0262 ,DALSA Inc ).
C arm X-ray system (
100 kVp/16 mAs~ 40 kVp/0.5 mAs
)
On the treadmill
8~20 complete cycles
Methods
Image calibration
image interpolation
27 cm × 27cm calibration grid
Methods
Image contrast enhancement
stationary wavelet transform (order 5).
Using cubic smoothing spline the second toe MTP ankle joint knee joint femoral head iliac crest knee angles
Hip angles heel angles
MTP angles
From top to bottom; the iliac crest, the femoral head, the knee joint, the ankle joint, the metatarsophalangeal joint (MTP), and the distal phalange of the second toe.
Results
The data were acquired manually without the GUI
(1 h 30 min) semi-automatically with the GUI (12 min)
Purpose
Use a High-speed camera to analyze animal behavior.
Combination of the BBB scores and gait parameters to measure the rat activity behavior.
Material and Methods
High-speed cameras (fps=120 , scA640-120gc,
BASLER Inc
)
Streampix 5 (Norpix Inc.)
Windows XP 、 C++ builder 、 Opencv1.0
Material and Methods
Material and Methods
Side scan (Marker)
Cb 色板
YCbCr
Material and Methods
Side scan (Marker)
Morphology
B
A a x b c
C
Material and Methods
Side scan (Centroid)
Morphology
(Gray)
(Binarization)
(Erode&Dilate)
Material and Methods
Bottom scan(Centroid)
(Gray)
(Binarization)
(Erode&Dilate)
Material and Methods
Bottom scan (Limbs)
(ROI)
I f
0 .
7 I r
0 .
59 I g
0 .
11 I b
•
Angle Analysis
Results
Future works
Improve the bottom scan.
Brain injury
Shoot the two sides.
Gait analysis and centroid combination to find correlations.
BBB score more correct.
References
Methods for behavioral testing of spinal cord injured rats , Jirˇı ´ Sˇ edy ´ a,b, Lucia Urdzı ´ kova ´ a,b, Pavla
Jendelova ´ a,b, Eva Sykova ´ a,b , Received 15 March 2007; received in revised form 9 August 2007; accepted 3 October 2007
Automatic analysis of altered gait inarylsulphatase A-deficient mice in the open field , Toon Leroy, Stijn
Stroobants , Jean-Marie Aerts , Rudi D’Hooge, and Daniel Berckmans , Behavior Research Methods , 2009,
41 (3), 787-794
Functional evaluation of peripheral nerve regeneration in the rat : walking track analysis , Artur S.P.
Varejfio a,* Marcel F. Meek b Antdnio J.A. Ferreira ° , JoS.o
A.B. Patricio d Antdnio M.S. Cabrita e ,
Journal of Neuroscience Methods 108 (2001) 1-9
An inclined plane system with microcontroller to determine limb motor function of laboratory animals,
Ming-Wen Chang, Ming-Shing Young, and Mao-Tsun Lin, Journal of Neuroscience Methods., 168: 186–
194, 2008.
Robotic Assessment of Locomotor Recovery in Spinal Contused Rats , J.A.Nessler,D.J.Reinkensmeyer,
K.Sharp,E.Kwak1,K.Minakata,R.D.DeLeon,26th Annual International Conference of the IEEE EMBS
Robot Applied Stance Loading Increases Hindlimb Muscle Mass and Stepping Kinetics in a Rat Model of
Spinal Cord Injury, Jeff A.Nessler, Moustafa Moustafa-Bayoumi, Dalziel Soto, Jessica E. Duhon, Ryan
Schmitt, 33rd Annual International Conference of the IEEE EMBS
