HAZARD COMMUNICATION
OSHA TRAINING
OSHA 29 CFR 1910.1200
WELCOME
NWACC Business & Industry
Workforce Development Institute
Z- 1
COURSE OBJECTIVES
 Introduce 29 CFR 1910.1200, The Hazcom Standard
 Discuss Methods and Observations Used to Detect Chemicals
 Discuss the Local Hazcom Written Policy
 Discuss the Physical and Health Hazards of Chemicals
 Discuss Employee Protective Measures
 Discuss Chemical Warning Labels
 Explain the Use of the Material Safety Data Sheet (MSDS)
 Introduce the Basic Rules for Safe Chemical Use
NWACC Business & Industry
Workforce Development Institute
Z- 2
BASIS FOR THIS COURSE




32,000,000 Workers Exposed to Chemicals Daily
575,000 Existing Chemical Products
Bhopal India Tragedy December 1984
OSHA Hazard Communication Standard







Standard: 29 CFR 1910.1200
Establishes “Worker Right-to-Know” Program
Requires Written “Hazcom” Program
Requires Use of Material Safety Data Sheets
Requires Use of Labels and Other Warnings
Requires Chemicals to Be Listed
Requires Hazards and Precautions Be Explained
NWACC Business & Industry
Workforce Development Institute
Z- 3
BASIS FOR THIS COURSE
THE BOTTOM LINE
TRAINING YOU TO BE KNOWLEDGEABLE
OF HOW TO LOWER YOUR LIFETIME
WORKPLACE EXPOSURE AND DOSAGE
TO THE CHEMICALS AND TOXIC MATERIALS
YOU ARE POTENTIALLY EXPOSED TO IN
YOUR DAILY WORKING LIFE!
NWACC Business & Industry
Workforce Development Institute
Z- 4
REGULATORY STANDARD
HAZARD COMMUNICATION
29CFR - 1910 - 1200
29CFR - SAFETY AND HEALTH STANDARDS
1910 - GENERAL INDUSTRY
DANGER
1200 - HAZCOM STANDARD
TOXIC
MATERIALS
NWACC Business & Industry
Workforce Development Institute
Z- 5
REGULATORY STANDARD
29CFR 1910.1200
 TITLE - HAZARD COMMUNICATION
 MAY 23, 1988 - FINAL RULE TOOK EFFECT
NWACC Business & Industry
Workforce Development Institute
Z- 6
TRAINING REQUIREMENTS
THE EMPLOYER MUST:







CHEMICAL
SAFETY
IN THE
Maintain a Hazcom Training Program.
WORKPLACE
Discuss Employee Protective Measures.
Review the Program on an Annual Basis.
Discuss Labeling Requirements of Containers.
Discuss the Use of Material Safety Data Sheets.
Train All Employees In Contact With Chemicals.
Discuss Trade Secrets and How to Obtain Needed Information.
NWACC Business & Industry
Workforce Development Institute
Z- 7
RETRAINING REQUIREMENTS
REQUIRED WHEN THERE IS A:
 Close Call Event Involving Chemicals.
 Failure in the Hazcom Procedures.
 Reason to Doubt Employee Proficiency.
NWACC Business & Industry
Workforce Development Institute
CHEMICAL
SAFETY
Z- 8
GENERAL PROGRAM REQUIREMENTS
ALL EMPLOYERS MUST:
 Provide Hazcom Training to All Required Employees.
 Not Purchase Materials Without an Adequate MSDS.
 Request Suppliers Provide All Ingredients With Identifiable
Chemical Names and Percentage Composition.
 Provide an MSDS Requested by Any Employee.
 Provide Complete Hazard Information to Any Employee.
 Requesting Additional Information Not Listed on an MSDS.
NWACC Business & Industry
Workforce Development Institute
Z- 9
WRITTEN PROGRAM REQUIREMENTS
ALL EMPLOYERS MUST:
 Maintain a Written Program.
 Review the Program on an Annual Basis.
 Make the Written Program Available to All Employees During
Each Work Shift.
SAFETY
PROGRAM
NWACC Business & Industry
Workforce Development Institute
Z- 10
CHEMICAL INVENTORY LISTING
ALL EMPLOYERS MUST:
 Maintain a Current List of Chemicals, Including Specific Uses.
 Make the List Available to All Employees.
 Make the List Available During Each Work Shift.
CHEMICAL
INVENTORY
NWACC Business & Industry
Workforce Development Institute
Z- 11
MATERIAL SAFETY DATA SHEETS
VARIOUS SECTIONS OF THE MSDS (TYPICAL FORMAT)
SECTION
I
II
III
IV
V
VI
VII
VIII
IX
CONTENTS
Product Identity
Hazardous Ingredients
Physical/Chemical Characteristics
Fire/Explosion/Physical Hazard Data
Reactivity Data
Health Hazards Data
Precautions for Safe Handling and Use
Control Measures/Protection Information
Additional Information/Special Precautions
NWACC Business & Industry
Workforce Development Institute
Z- 12
MATERIAL SAFETY DATA SHEETS
TRADE SECRETS:
Information Withheld From a MSDS Must Be
Provided During an Emergency or at The Request
of a Physician. The User of The Information Must
Agree to Keep The Information Confidential. The
Chemical
Manufacturer
Must
Provide
the
Information Immediately Upon Request During
Emergencies.
CLASSIFIED
INFORMATION
NWACC Business & Industry
Workforce Development Institute
Z- 13
MATERIAL SAFETY DATA SHEETS
LOCAL USE MSDS’s:
Let’s Discuss Some of the Material Safety Data
Sheets Currently Used at This Facility.
SITE SPECIFIC
CHEMICALS AND MATERIALS
NWACC Business & Industry
Workforce Development Institute
Z- 14
PERSONAL PROTECTIVE EQUIPMENT
PERSONAL PROTECTIVE EQUIPMENT REQUIREMENTS:
 Follow Local Job Procedures.
 Review the Relative Material Safety Data Sheet.
 If You Have Questions Consult Your Supervisor.
NWACC Business & Industry
Workforce Development Institute
Z- 15
LABELING REQUIREMENTS
 All Employers Must Maintain a Labeling Program.
 Review the Program on an Annual Basis.
 Train All Employees Whose Job Brings Them Into
Contact With Chemicals in the Use of Labels.
 All Labels Will Use the Same Name As It Appears On
The MSDS.
FIRE HAZARD
REACTIVITY
4
2 1
HEALTH HAZARD
W
SPECIFIC HAZARD
(WATER REACTIVE)
NWACC Business & Industry
Workforce Development Institute
Z- 16
LABELING REQUIREMENTS
 All Chemical Containers Will Be Labeled.
Unless The
Container Is a Portable Container in the Control of A Specific
Person for Their Immediate Use.
 No Container That Resembles a Drinking Glass, Cup, Or
Other Type of Container Used for Consumption Will Be Used
For Chemical Storage or Containment.
 The Employer Must Provide Sufficient Labels for Labeling.
NWACC Business & Industry
Workforce Development Institute
Z- 17
HAZARD RATING SYSTEMS
TWO SYSTEMS
 NFPA - NATIONAL FIRE PROTECTION ASSOCIATION
 HMIS - NATIONAL PAINT AND COATINGS ASSOCIATION
- HAZARDOUS MATERIAL IDENTIFICATION SYSTEM
NWACC Business & Industry
Workforce Development Institute
Z- 18
HAZARD RATING SYSTEMS
FOUR HAZARD PARAMETERS




FIRE HAZARD
HEALTH
FLAMMABILITY
REACTIVITY
SPECIFIC HAZARD (NFPA)
2
HEALTH HAZARD
REACTIVITY
4
1
W
SPECIFIC HAZARD
(WATER REACTIVE)
NWACC Business & Industry
Workforce Development Institute
Z- 19
HAZARD RATING SYSTEMS
FIVE HAZARD LEVELS
HMIS
4 SEVERE
3 SERIOUS
2 MODERATE
1 SLIGHT
0 MINIMAL
NWACC Business & Industry
Workforce Development Institute
NFPA
4 EXTREME
3 HIGH
2 MODERATE
1 SLIGHT
0 INSIGNIFICANT
Z- 20
HOMEMADE LABEL
SAMPLE “HOMEMADE” LABEL FOR A SINGLE CHEMICAL (NON-MIXTURE)
CHEMICAL NAME (SEE MSDS)
DOT HAZARD CLASS
USE OF CHEMICAL
PPE REQUIRED
CHECK ALL THAT APPLY
 FLAMMABLE
 TOXIC
 IRRITANT
 CORROSIVE
 WATER REACTIVE
 OXIDIZER
NAME
EMERGENCY PHONE
___________ __________________
ADDRESS: ________________________________________________
NWACC Business & Industry
Workforce Development Institute
Z- 21
HMIS LABEL
FIVE HMIS HAZARD LEVELS
 - 4 SEVERE
 - 3 SERIOUS
 - 2 MODERATE
 - 1 SLIGHT
 - 0 MINIMAL
HEALTH
FLAMMABILITY
REACTIVITY
PERSONAL PROTECTION
NWACC Business & Industry
Workforce Development Institute
Z- 22
NFPA LABEL
FIRE HAZARD
FIVE NFPA HAZARD LEVELS
 - 4 EXTREME
 - 3 HIGH
 - 2 MODERATE
 - 1 SLIGHT
 - 0 INSIGNIFICANT
2
HEALTH HAZARD
REACTIVITY
4
1
W
SPECIFIC HAZARD
(WATER REACTIVE)
NWACC Business & Industry
Workforce Development Institute
Z- 23
NON-ROUTINE TASKS
 Definition: A Task That Is Required Only on Occasion And Where
Employees Are Not Completely Familiar With All Aspects of the
Job.
 Problem: This Lack of Familiarity Contributes Greatly to a Higher
Probability of Injury.
 Example: The Annual (or Infrequent) Cleaning of Reactor Vessels
in Processes.
 Supervisors Must: Identify Nonroutine Tasks and Assess Their
Degree of Risk to Employees.
NWACC Business & Industry
Workforce Development Institute
Z- 24
CONTRACTOR SAFETY REQUIREMENTS
OUTSIDE CONTRACTORS MUST:
 Inform Representatives of the Facility of The Types of
Chemicals That They Will Be Using And Be Prepared to
Provide MSDSs Upon Request.
FACILITY OR EMPLOYER REPRESENTATIVES MUST:
 Inform the Contractor of Chemicals Used in the Area Where
Contractor Personnel Will Be Work And Be Prepared to
Provide MSDSs Upon Request.
NWACC Business & Industry
Workforce Development Institute
Z- 25
TIPS FOR USING CONTRACTORS
 Remember, You Control Your Facility or Area!
 Review Their Procedures With Them Before Starting the Job!
 Determine Their Safety Performance Record!
 Determine Who Is in Charge of Their People!
 Determine How They Will Affect Your Employees!
NWACC Business & Industry
Workforce Development Institute
Z- 26
GENERAL CONCEPTS OF TOXICOLOGY
EVERYTHING IS TOXIC;
IT ALL DEPENDS ON THE DOSE
How Well the Body Accepts a Substance Depends on:




The Type of Substance.
The Amount (Dose) Absorbed.
The Period of Time Over Which It Is Absorbed.
The Susceptibility/Sensitivity of the Person Exposed.
NWACC Business & Industry
Workforce Development Institute
Z- 27
GENERAL CONCEPTS OF TOXICOLOGY
ROUTES OF ENTRY
 INHALATION
 INGESTION
 ABSORPTION
 INJECTION
NWACC Business & Industry
Workforce Development Institute
Z- 28
GENERAL CONCEPTS OF TOXICOLOGY
ROUTES OF ENTRY
 Inhalation
-- A Dose Absorbed Through the Lungs Into the Bloodstream
 Absorption
-- A Dose That Is Absorbed Through the Skin or Eyes
NWACC Business & Industry
Workforce Development Institute
Z- 29
GENERAL CONCEPTS OF TOXICOLOGY
ROUTES OF ENTRY
 Ingestion
-- A Dose That Is Absorbed Through the Gastro-Intestinal
Tract From Eating, Drinking or Smoking
 Injection
-- A Dose That Is Absorbed Via Broken Glass, Spray Guns,
Needles, Compressed Air, Knives Etc.
NWACC Business & Industry
Workforce Development Institute
Z- 30
GENERAL CONCEPTS OF TOXICOLOGY
EXPOSURE TERMINOLOGY
 Local Effect. Damage to Body Parts That Actually Contact The
Harmful Substance (Acid on a Hand).
 Systemic Effect. Damage to an Area of the Body After The Substance
Is Absorbed (Liver Damage).
 Individual Susceptibility. Some People Are Naturally Sensitive or
Can Develop Sensitivity to a Substance.
 Dose. Combination of Concentration and Length of Bodily Exposure
to a Specific Material.
NWACC Business & Industry
Workforce Development Institute
Z- 31
GENERAL CONCEPTS OF TOXICOLOGY
EXPOSURE TERMINOLOGY
 Acute Exposure:
Usually Minutes, Hours or Several Days.
 Chronic Exposure:
Regular Exposure Over Months, Years, or a Lifetime.
NWACC Business & Industry
Workforce Development Institute
Z- 32
GENERAL CONCEPTS OF TOXICOLOGY
EXPOSURE TERMINOLOGY
Hazardous Material. A Material That Falls Into One or More Of the
Following Categories.
 Ignitability
Is Flammable or Combustible.
 Reactivity
Can React With Itself or Other Materials.
 Corrosivity
Can Deteriorate Another Substance.
 Toxicity
In Its Normal State Is Harmful to Living Things.
NWACC Business & Industry
Workforce Development Institute
Z- 33
GENERAL CONCEPTS OF TOXICOLOGY
EXPOSURE LIMITS
SOURCES INCLUDE:
 American Conference of Gov. Industrial Hygienists (ACGIH)
 Occupational Safety and Health Administration (OSHA
 National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health (NIOSH
NWACC Business & Industry
Workforce Development Institute
Z- 34
GENERAL CONCEPTS OF TOXICOLOGY
EXPOSURE LIMITS
 American Conference of Government Industrial Hygienists:
 Threshold Limit Values (TLV).
(Respiratory)
 Biological Exposure Indices (BEI).
(Dermal)
 8 Hour Time Weighted Averages (TWA).
- How Much a Worker Can Be Exposed to in an 8 Hr. Shift.
 Published by ACGIH Annually, Provides Exposure Levels.
 Legally Enforceable.
NWACC Business & Industry
Workforce Development Institute
Z- 35
GENERAL CONCEPTS OF TOXICOLOGY
EXPOSURE LIMITS
 Occupational Safety and Health Administration (OSHA):




Permissible Exposure Limits (PEL’s)
Found in 29 CFR 1910.1000 (The “Z” Tables)
Establishes OSHA’s Exposure Levels
Legally Enforceable
NWACC Business & Industry
Workforce Development Institute
Z- 36
GENERAL CONCEPTS OF TOXICOLOGY
EXPOSURE LIMITS
 National Institute for Occupational Safety And Health (NIOSH):
 Recommended Exposure Limits (REL’s)
 Used to Develop New OSHA Standards
 Found in: “NIOSH Recommendations for Occupational
Health Standards”
NWACC Business & Industry
Workforce Development Institute
Z- 37
SPECIFIC TYPES OF HAZARDS
AIR CONTAMINANTS
 Gases. Generally Used in a Compressed Form. Can Effect All
Routes of Entry.
 Vapors. Formed by Evaporation of Liquids or Solids. Amount
Usually Depends Upon Exposed Surface Area, Temperature,
and Vapor Pressure Of Substance. Can Be Deadly.
NWACC Business & Industry
Workforce Development Institute
Z- 38
SPECIFIC TYPES OF HAZARDS
AIR CONTAMINANTS
 Fumes. Usually Metallic and Formed by Welding, Cutting, or
Brazing Operations. Extremely Hazardous to Inhale.
 Particulates. Composed of Solid or Liquid Particles That
Are Suspended or Dispersed in Air. Such As Dust, Mists, or
Smokes. Can Be Explosive And Hazardous to Breath.
NWACC Business & Industry
Workforce Development Institute
Z- 39
SPECIFIC TYPES OF HAZARDS
THE FINAL WORD
CONCERNING CHEMICALS
NEVER
DISCOUNT
ANY
ROUTE-OF-ENTRY!
NWACC Business & Industry
Workforce Development Institute
Z- 40
BLOODBORNE PATHOGENS
OSHA TRAINING
OSHA 29 CFR 1910.1030
WELCOME
NWACC Business & Industry
Workforce Development Institute
Z- 41
BASIS FOR THIS COURSE
 1,000,000 + PEOPLE INFECTED WITH HIV IN THE UNITED STATES
 HEPATITIS B VIRUS (HBV) BIGGER THREAT THAN AIDS
 5.6 MILLION WORKERS AT RISK
 OSHA BLOODBORNE PATHOGENS STANDARD







STANDARD: 29 CFR 1910.1030
ESTABLISHES WORKPLACE EXPOSURE CONTROL PROGRAM
REQUIRES A WRITTEN PROGRAM
REQUIRES USE OF LABELS AND OTHER WARNINGS
REQUIRES HAZARDS AND PRECAUTIONS BE EXPLAINED
REQUIRES HOUSEKEEPING POLICY BE ESTABLISHED
REQUIRES RECORDKEEPING
NWACC Business & Industry
Workforce Development Institute
Z- 42
BASIS FOR THIS COURSE
THE BOTTOM LINE
TRAINING YOU TO BE KNOWLEDGEABLE
OF HOW TO LOWER YOUR CHANCES OF
WORKPLACE EXPOSURE
TO THE BLOODBORNE PATHOGENS
YOU ARE POTENTIALLY EXPOSED TO IN
YOUR DAILY WORKING LIFE!
NWACC Business & Industry
Workforce Development Institute
Z- 43
REGULATORY STANDARD
BLOODBORNE PATHOGENS
29CFR - 1910 - 1030
29CFR - SAFETY AND HEALTH STANDARDS
1910 - GENERAL INDUSTRY
1030 - BLOODBORNE STANDARD
NWACC Business & Industry
Workforce Development Institute
Z- 44
COMPLIANCE TIMETABLE
29CFR 1910.1030
29CFR - 1910 - 1030
 MARCH 6, 1992 - FINAL RULE TOOK EFFECT
 MAY 5, 1992 - EXPOSURE CONTROL PLAN
 JUNE 4, 1992 - INFORMATION AND TRAINING
 JULY 6, 1992 - ALL OTHER PROVISIONS
NWACC Business & Industry
Workforce Development Institute
Z- 45
APPLICABILITY
APPLIES TO EMPLOYEE’S WHO:




HAVE EMERGENCY RESPONSE DUTIES
PERFORM JANITORIAL DUTIES
PERFORM WORK WITH POTENTIAL BBP’S
HAVE ANY POTENTIAL WORKPLACE EXPOSURE
SMITH
NWACC Business & Industry
Workforce Development Institute
SMITH
Z- 46
WRITTEN PROGRAM REQUIREMENTS
ALL EMPLOYERS MUST:
 DEVELOP AND MAINTAIN A WRITTEN PROGRAM
 REVIEW THE PROGRAM ON AN ANNUAL BASIS
 MAKE THE WRITTEN PROGRAM AVAILABLE TO ALL
EMPLOYEES DURING EACH WORK SHIFT
SOP’S
NWACC Business & Industry
Workforce Development Institute
Z- 47
PROGRAM MANAGEMENT FORMS
COMMONLY USED PROGRAM MANAGEMENT FORMS
 NON-ROUTINE TASK - (Protective Measures Determination):
USED BY SUPERVISORS TO ASSESS JOBS THAT ARE NOT
PERFORMED ON A ROUTINE BASIS, BUT WHERE THE
POSSIBILITY OF INJURY TO AN EMPLOYEE EXISTS.
FORMS
NWACC Business & Industry
Workforce Development Institute
Z- 48
PROGRAM MANAGEMENT FORMS
COMMONLY USED PROGRAM MANAGEMENT FORMS
 EXPOSURE INCIDENT REPORT:
USED TO INVESTIGATE INCIDENTS WHERE EXPOSURE MAY HAVE
OCCURRED.
FORMS
NWACC Business & Industry
Workforce Development Institute
Z- 49
DEFINITIONS
 BLOODBORNE PATHOGENS - MICROORGANISMS PRESENT IN
HUMAN BLOOD
 CONTAMINATED -
THE PRESENCE OF BLOOD OR
OTHER POTENTIALLY INFECTIOUS
MATERIALS
 DECONTAMINATION -
THE USE OF PHYSICAL OR
CHEMICAL MEANS TO REMOVE,
DESTROY, OR RENDER SAFE
POTENTIALLY INFECTIOUS
MATERIALS
NWACC Business & Industry
Workforce Development Institute
Z- 50
MEDICAL RECORDKEEPING
EMPLOYERS MUST:
 MAINTAIN COPIES OF VACCINATION RECORDS
 MAINTAIN RECORDS IN STRICTEST CONFIDENCE
 MAINTAIN HEALTHCARE PROVIDER WRITTEN OPINIONS
 MAINTAIN DATA PROVIDED TO HEALTHCARE PROVIDERS
 RETAIN RECORDS FOR 30YRS OR - EMPLOYMENT + 20YRS
 ESTABLISH AND MAINTAIN ACCURATE EXPOSURE RECORDS
NWACC Business & Industry
Workforce Development Institute
Z- 51
MEDICAL RECORDKEEPING
HEPATITIS B VACCINATION DECLINATION STATEMENT:
I Understand That Due to My Occupational Exposure to Blood or
Other Potentially Infectious Materials I May Be at Risk of Acquiring
Hepatitis B Virus (HBV) Infection.
I Have Been Given the
Opportunity to Be Vaccinated With Hepatitis B Vaccine, at No
Charge to Myself. However, I Decline Hepatitis B Vaccination at
This Time. I Understand That by Declining This Vaccine I Continue
to Be at Risk of Acquiring Hepatitis B, a Serious Disease. If in the
Future I Continue to Have Occupational Exposure to Blood or
Other Potentially Infectious Materials and I Want to Be Vaccinated
With Hepatitis B Vaccine, I Can Receive the Vaccination Series at
No Charge to Me.
NWACC Business & Industry
Workforce Development Institute
Z- 52
TRAINING RECORDKEEPING
RECORDS MUST:
 CONTAIN A SUMMARY OF TRAINING SESSIONS
 BE RETAINED FOR 3YRS FROM DATE OF TRAINING
 CONTAIN THE JOB TITLES OF PERSONS ATTENDING
 BE PROVIDED UPON REQUEST TO OSHA INSPECTORS
 CONTAIN ATTENDEE NAMES AND DATES OF TRAINING
 CONTAIN NAMES AND QUALIFICATIONS OF INSTRUCTORS
NWACC Business & Industry
Workforce Development Institute
Z- 53
EXPOSURE CONTROL PLAN
THE PLAN MUST:
 BE IN WRITTEN FORM
 DETAIL METHODS OF COMPLIANCE
 INCLUDE AN EXPOSURE DETERMINATION
 DETAIL RECORDKEEPING REQUIREMENTS
 DETAIL POST EXPOSURE FOLLOW-UP PROCEDURES
 DETAIL COMMUNICATION OF HAZARDS TO EMPLOYEES
 DETAIL EXPOSURE INCIDENT REPORTING PROCEDURES
 DESCRIBE THE METHODS OF PROGRAM IMPLEMENTATION
NWACC Business & Industry
Workforce Development Institute
Z- 54
BLOODBORNE HAZARDS
COMMON BLOODBORNE DISEASES:
DANGER
 SYPHILIS
 MALARIA
 HEPATITIS C
BLOODBORNE
PATHOGENS
 HEPATITIS B VIRUS (HBV)
 HUMAN IMMUNODEFICIENCY VIRUS (HIV)
NWACC Business & Industry
Workforce Development Institute
Z- 55
BLOODBORNE HAZARDS
HEPATITIS B VIRUS (HBV):
 ONE OF THE MOST COMMON VIRUSES
 VACCINES AVAILABLE TO PREVENT INFECTION
 CAN CAUSE DAMAGE TO LIVER LEADING TO DEATH
 VIRUS CAN BE SPREAD TO FAMILY MEMBERS EASILY
 SEVERE FLU-LIKE SYMPTOMS ARE A COMMON SYMPTOM
 BLOOD, SALIVA AND OTHER BODY FLUIDS MAY BE INFECTIOUS
 SYMPTOMS MAY BE DELAYED 28 TO 160 DAYS AFTER EXPOSURE
NWACC Business & Industry
Workforce Development Institute
Z- 56
BLOODBORNE HAZARDS
HUMAN IMMUNODEFICIENCY VIRUS (HIV):








NO KNOWN VACCINE FOR HIV
DIFFICULT TO CONTRACT IN THE WORKPLACE
VIRUS IS NOT SPREAD THROUGH CASUAL CONTACT
SYMPTOMS MAY BE DELAYED FOR MONTHS TO YEARS
DECREASES THE BODY’S ABILITY TO FIGHT INFECTION
BLOOD AND OTHER BODY FLUIDS MAY BE INFECTIOUS
SEVERE FLU-LIKE SYMPTOMS ARE A COMMON SYMPTOM
LEADS TO ACQUIRED IMMUNE DEFICIENCY SYNDROME (AIDS)
NWACC Business & Industry
Workforce Development Institute
Z- 57
TRANSMISSION MODES
BBP’S CAN BY TRANSMITTED BY:







BLOOD
VOMIT
BODY FLUIDS
NOSE AND MOUTH
MUCOUS MEMBRANES
ABSORPTION THROUGH THE EYES
CUTS, SCRAPES, BURNS, RASHES, DERMATITIS ETC.
NWACC Business & Industry
Workforce Development Institute
Z- 58
TRANSMISSION MODES
OCCUPATIONAL EXPOSURE CAN OCCUR:









CPR
REMOVAL OF SUTURES
BLOOD SUGAR SCREENING
BIOHAZARD SPILL CLEANUP
TREATING TEARS OF SKIN TISSUE
DISPOSAL OF CONTAMINATED SHARPS
CHANGING CONTAMINATED DRESSINGS
JANITORIAL DUTIES IN FEMALE REST ROOMS
REMOVAL OF FOREIGN BODIES FROM EYES OR SKIN
NWACC Business & Industry
Workforce Development Institute
Z- 59
COMMUNICATION OF HAZARDS
BIOHAZARD
INTERNATIONAL SYMBOL FOR BIOHAZARD
NWACC Business & Industry
Workforce Development Institute
Z- 60
COMMUNICATION OF HAZARDS
WARNINGS AND LABELS:
 LABELS MUST BE FLUORESCENT ORANGE OR ORANGE-RED
 WARNING LABELS MUST BE AFFIXED TO WASTE CONTAINERS
 LABELS MUST BE PROPERLY AFFIXED TO CONTAINERS
 RED BAGS OR CONTAINERS MAY BE USED IN LIEU OF LABELS
 DECONTAMINATED WASTE NEED NOT BE LABELED OR CODED
 LABELS ARE ONLY REQUIRED ON THE OUTSIDE PACKAGE
NWACC Business & Industry
Workforce Development Institute
Z- 61
COMMUNICATION OF HAZARDS
SIGNAGE:
 SIGNS MUST BE POSTED AT THE ENTRANCE TO WORK AREAS
HAVING POTENTIALLY INFECTIOUS MATERIALS
BIOHAZARD
1.
2.
3.
NAME OF THE INFECTIOUS AGENT
SPECIAL REQUIREMENTS FOR ENTRY
NAME, TELEPHONE NUMBER OF THE RESPONSIBLE PERSON
NWACC Business & Industry
Workforce Development Institute
Z- 62
GENERAL CONCEPTS OF TOXICOLOGY
ROUTES OF ENTRY

INHALATION
-- A DOSE THAT IS ABSORBED THROUGH THE LUNGS INTO
THE BLOODSTREAM

ABSORPTION
-- A DOSE THAT IS ABSORBED THROUGH THE SKIN OR EYES
NWACC Business & Industry
Workforce Development Institute
Z- 63
GENERAL CONCEPTS OF TOXICOLOGY
ROUTES OF ENTRY
 INGESTION
-- A DOSE THAT IS ABSORBED THROUGH THE GASTROINTESTINAL TRACT FROM EATING, DRINKING OR SMOKING
 INJECTION
-- A DOSE THAT IS ABSORBED VIA BROKEN GLASS, SPRAY
GUNS, NEEDLES, COMPRESSED AIR, KNIVES ETC.
NWACC Business & Industry
Workforce Development Institute
Z- 64
GENERAL CONCEPTS OF TOXICOLOGY
EXPOSURE TERMINOLOGY
 LOCAL EFFECT. DAMAGE TO BODY PARTS THAT ACTUALLY CONTACT
THE HARMFUL SUBSTANCE (ACID ON A HAND).
 SYSTEMIC EFFECT. DAMAGE TO AN AREA OF THE BODY AFTER THE
SUBSTANCE IS ABSORBED (LIVER DAMAGE).
 INDIVIDUAL SUSCEPTIBILITY. SOME PEOPLE ARE NATURALLY
SENSITIVE OR CAN DEVELOP SENSITIVITY TO A SUBSTANCE.
 DOSE. COMBINATION OF CONCENTRATION AND LENGTH OF BODILY
EXPOSURE TO A SPECIFIC MATERIAL.
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METHODS OF CONTROL
ROUTES OF ENTRY
 ABSORPTION
 INGESTION
 INJECTION
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METHODS OF CONTROL
CONTROL THE SPREAD OF CONTAMINATION
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METHODS OF CONTROL
COMMON SENSE RULES:
 WASH HANDS AND REMOVE PPE BEFORE:
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EATING
SMOKING
DRINKING
HANDLING CONTACT LENSES
APPLYING COSMETICS OR LIP BALM
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METHODS OF CONTROL
UNIVERSAL PRECAUTIONS:
 PROTECT ALL POTENTIAL ROUTES OF ENTRY
 PROPERLY DECONTAMINATE ALL POTENTIALLY EXPOSED PPE
 NEVER REUSE DISPOSABLE GLOVES (CROSS CONTAMINATION)
 ASSUME ALL HUMAN BLOOD AND BODY FLUIDS ARE INFECTIOUS
 INSPECT PERSONAL PROTECTIVE EQUIPMENT (PPE) BEFORE USE
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METHODS OF CONTROL
ACCIDENT/SPILL CLEANUP RECOMMENDATIONS:
 PUT ON A LEAK-PROOF APRON
 USE EYE AND FACE PROTECTION
 RESTRICT ACCESS TO THE CONTAMINATED AREA
 WEAR TWO PAIRS OF GLOVES TO PREVENT EXPOSURE
 USE DISPOSABLE TOWELS TO SOAK UP FLUIDS OR BLOOD
 DISINFECT MOPS AND OTHER CLEANUP EQUIPMENT AFTER USE
 USE EYE PROTECTION (SPLASH GOGGLES) TO PREVENT EXPOSURE
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METHODS OF CONTROL
ACCIDENT/SPILL CLEANUP KIT RECOMMENDATIONS:
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WIPER TOWELS
WATERPROOF APRON
IDENTIFICATION TAGS
INSTRUCTION FOR USE
PAPER, PENCILS AND TAPE
RED BIOHAZARD WASTE BAG
PICK-UP SCOOP WITH SCRAPER
EYE, FACE AND SKIN PROTECTION
ANTIMICROBIAL HANDWIPES (SKIN)
SEVERAL PAIRS OF LATEX GLOVES (USE DOUBLE SETS)
CONTAINER OF SOLIDIFIER/DECONTAMINANT/DEODORIZER
GERMICIDAL DISINFECTANT WIPES PACK (EQUIPMENT/SURFACES)
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EMERGENCY ASSISTANCE
SOME SUGGESTIONS:
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KNOW WHAT TO DO BEFORE IT HAPPENS!
SOUND THE ALARM FOR HELP
SHUT OFF MACHINERY
DON’T ADD YOUR NAME TO THE LIST OF INJURED!!
DON’T TAKE UNNECESSARY RISKS
DON’T TOUCH BLOOD OR BODY FLUIDS
DON’T GIVE UNPROTECTED MOUTH-TO-MOUTH
STAY WITH THE INJURED PERSON
WAIT FOR EMERGENCY RESPONDERS TO ARRIVE
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METHODS OF DECON
DECONTAMINATION METHODS:
 SOAP & WATER
 10% BLEACH SOLUTION
 APPROVED TOWELETTES
 SEGREGATED LAUNDERING
 APPROVED DISINFECTANTS
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EXPOSURE INCIDENT REPORTING
SUGGESTED REPORTING METHOD:
 DON’T PANIC!
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DECONTAMINATE THE EXPOSED BODY PART
REPORT TO YOUR SUPERVISOR
DETERMINE THE SOURCE OF THE EXPOSURE
TRY TO OBTAIN A SAMPLE FOR ANALYSIS
ASK ABOUT VACCINATION, FOLLOW-UP ETC.
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EXPOSURE INCIDENT REPORTING
DOCUMENTING THE EXPOSURE:
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DID PPE FAIL? IF YES HOW?
DESCRIBE THE CIRCUMSTANCES.
IDENTIFY THE SOURCE INDIVIDUAL.
GET COPIES OF ALL DOCUMENTATION.
WHAT DUTIES WERE YOU PERFORMING?
DESCRIBE POSSIBLE ROUTES OF EXPOSURE.
WHAT BODY FLUIDS WERE YOU EXPOSED TO?
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NON-ROUTINE TASKS
 DEFINITION:
A Task That Is Required Only on Occasion and Where Employees
Are Not Completely Familiar With All Aspects of the Job.
 PROBLEM:
This Lack of Familiarity Contributes Greatly to a Higher Probability
of Injury.
 SUPERVISORS MUST:
Identify Nonroutine Tasks and Assess Their Degree of Risk to
Employees.
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MANAGING INFECTIOUS WASTE
STORAGE:
 ESTABLISH DESIGNATED STORAGE AREAS
 CONTROL ACCESS TO STORAGE AREAS
 USE APPROVED RECEPTACLES
 RED IS THE PRIMARY COLOR FOR CONTAINERS
 ENSURE LABELS ARE PRESENT
 ENSURE PACKAGING IS SUFFICIENT
(I.E. DON’T USE BAGS FOR SHARPS ETC.)
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MANAGING INFECTIOUS WASTE
DISPOSAL:
 USE APPROVED HAULERS
 REVIEW MANIFESTS CAREFULLY
 ESTABLISH REGULAR PICKUP TIMETABLES
 REVIEW HANDLING PROCEDURES PERIODICALLY
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Z- 78
CONTRACTOR SAFETY REQUIREMENTS
OUTSIDE CONTRACTORS MUST:
 INFORM REPRESENTATIVES OF THE FACILITY OF THE
TYPES OF WORK THAT THEY WILL BE DOING AND BE
PREPARED TO PROVIDE TRAINING DOCUMENTATION
UPON REQUEST
EMPLOYER REPRESENTATIVES MUST:
 INFORM THE CONTRACTOR OF PATHOGENS PRESENT IN
THE AREA WHERE CONTRACTOR PERSONNEL WILL BE
WORKING
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TIPS FOR USING CONTRACTORS
 REMEMBER, YOU CONTROL YOUR FACILITY OR AREA!
 REVIEW THEIR PROCEDURES WITH THEM !
 REVIEW THEIR PROCEDURES BEFORE STARTING THE JOB!
 DETERMINE THEIR SAFETY PERFORMANCE RECORD!
 DETERMINE WHO IS IN CHARGE OF THEIR PEOPLE!
 DETERMINE HOW THEY WILL AFFECT YOUR EMPLOYEES!
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OSHA'S PERCEPTION
OF A SUCCESSFUL PROGRAM
1. DETAILED EXPOSURE CONTROL PROCEDURES
2. EXTENSIVE EMPLOYEE TRAINING PROGRAMS
3. PERIODIC REINFORCEMENT OF TRAINING
4. SUFFICIENT DISCIPLINE REGARDING IMPLEMENTATION
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THE FINAL WORD
THE FINAL WORD
CONCERNING PATHOGENS
NEVER
DISCOUNT
ANY
ROUTE-OF-ENTRY!
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