JOB HAZARD ANALYSIS
CORPORATE SAFETY TRAINING
29 CFR 1910.132 - 138
WELCOME
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BASIS FOR THIS COURSE
 DAILY EXPOSURE TO JOB HAZARDS BY THOUSANDS OF
WORKERS
 DAILY EXPOSURE TO NUMEROUS ERGONOMIC STRESSORS
 DAILY EXPOSURE TO NUMEROUS PHYSICAL HAZARDS
 EFFICIENCY CAN BE GREATLY IMPROVED
 OSHA SAFETY STANDARDS REQUIRE:
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Establishment of a “safety” program
Training be conducted
Job Hazards be assessed
Hazards and precautions be explained
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APPLICABLE REGULATIONS
29CFR - SAFETY AND HEALTH STANDARDS
1910 - GENERAL INDUSTRY
DANGER
EYE PROTECTION
REQUIRED BEYOND
THIS POINT
132 - GENERAL REQUIREMENTS
133 - EYE AND FACE PROTECTION
134 - RESPIRATORY PROGRDTION
135 - HEAD PROTECTION
136 - FOOT PROTECTION
137 - ELECTRICAL PROTECTION
138 - HAND PROTECTION
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GENERAL PROGRAM REQUIREMENTS
ALL EMPLOYERS MUST:
 REVIEW JOB SPECIFIC HAZARDS
 CONDUCT HAZARD ASSESSMENTS
JOB
HAZARD
ANALYSIS
PROGRAM
 INSTITUTE SAFE WORK PRACTICES
 ENSURE PPE IS NOT DAMAGED OR DEFECTIVE
 CERTIFY THAT ASSESSMENTS HAVE BEEN DONE
 PROVIDE TRAINING TO ALL REQUIRED EMPLOYEES
 INSTALL ENGINEERING CONTROLS WHERE POSSIBLE
 INSTITUTE ADMINISTRATIVE CONTROLS WHERE POSSIBLE
 ASSESS AND ISSUE PPE TO CONTROL HAZARDS AS A LAST
RESORT
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TRAINING REQUIREMENTS
THE EMPLOYER MUST PROVIDE TRAINING:
 THE USE OF EQUIPMENT.
 WHEN PPE IS NECESSARY.
JOB
HAZARD
SAFETY
 WHAT PPE IS NECESSARY.
 THE LIMITATIONS OF THE PPE.
 PROVIDE RETRAINING AS REQUIRED.
 CARE AND MAINTENANCE OF EQUIPMENT.
 TRAIN ALL EMPLOYEES PRIOR TO JOB ASSIGNMENT.
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RETRAINING REQUIREMENTS
REQUIRED WHEN THERE IS A:
 CLOSE-CALL EVENT
 PROGRAM RELATED INJURY
JOB
HAZARD
SAFETY
 CHANGE IN JOB ASSIGNMENT
 NEW HAZARD OR EQUIPMENT
 NEW HAZARD CONTROL METHODS
 FAILURE IN THE SAFETY PROCEDURES
 REASON TO DOUBT EMPLOYEE PROFICIENCY
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JOB HAZARD ANALYSIS
IS IMPORTANT
A JHA WILL HELP:
 Improve quality.
SAFETY
 Improve absenteeism.
STATISTICS
 Maintain a healthier work force.
 Reduce injury and illness rates.
 Acceptance of high-turnover jobs.
 Workers feel good about their work.
 Reduce workers’ compensation costs.
 Elevate OSHA compliance to a higher level of awareness.
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INDUSTRIAL HYGIENE CONTROLS
ENGINEERING CONTROLS
 Work Station Design
 Process Modification
 Tool Selection and Design
 Mechanical Assist
 ADMINISTRATIVE CONTROLS
 Training Programs
 Pacing
 FIRST CHOICE
 SECOND CHOICE
 Job Rotation/Enlargement
 Policy and Procedures
 PERSONNEL PROTECTIVE EQUIPMENT LAST CHOICE
 Gloves
 Shields
 Non-Slip Shoes
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 Wraps
 Eye Protection
 Aprons
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WORKSITE ANALYSIS
 WORKSITE ANALYSIS IS DIVIDED INTO FOUR MAIN PARTS:
1. Gathering information from available sources.
2. Conducting baseline screening surveys to determine which
jobs need a closer analysis.
3. Performing job hazard analyses of those work stations with
identified risk factors.
4. After implementing control measures, conducting periodic
surveys and follow-up to evaluate changes.
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JOB RISK FACTORS
PERSONAL RISK FACTORS AFFECTING THE JOB
1. Age
2. Gender
3. Attitude
4. Training
5. Strength
6. Work method
7. Loose clothing
9. Anthropometry
10. Loose or long hair
11. Hearing deficiencies
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JOB RISK FACTORS
Continued
JOB RISK FACTORS
 Static work posture
a) Standing
b) Sitting
 Work platforms or stairs
 Torso flexion (bending)
a) Mild (up to 45 degrees)
b) Severe (greater than 45 degrees)
 Work heights (too high or too low)
 Floor surfaces (wet, smooth, vibration)
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JOB RISK FACTORS
Continued
JOB RISK FACTORS
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Noise/vibration
a) Frequency very important
b) Can amplify through the body
Environment
a) Hot (sweat, reduced grip, fatigue)
b) Cold (gloves reduce grip by as much as 30%)
Lighting
a) posture problems (because of inability to see)
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JOB RISK FACTORS
Continued
JOB RISK FACTORS
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Trip hazards
Confined spaces
Electrical hazards
Inadequate ventilation
Lockout tagout requirements
Machine guarding requirements
Motorized vehicles (forklifts, etc.)
Oxygen defencicy or enrichment
Hazards associated with “Hotwork”
Inappropriate personal protective equipment
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JOB RISK FACTORS
Continued
JOB RISK FACTORS
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Fall hazards
Mechanical hazards
Engulfment hazards
Respiratory hazards
Flammable gases or vapors
Airborne cumbustible dusts
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JOB RISK FACTORS
Continued
WHAT OTHER RISK
FACTORS CAN YOU
THINK OF THAT ARE
ASSOCIATED WITH
YOUR WORKPLACE?
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JOB AND TASK ANALYSIS
Continued
CONDUCTING THE JHA
 IDENTIFY THE JOB TO STUDY
 COLLECT THE DATA
 EVALUATE THE DATA
 FORMULATE CONTROL MEASURES
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JOB AND TASK ANALYSIS
Continued
COLLECTING THE DATA
 JHA ASSESSMENT FORMS
 DIRECT OBSERVATION
 VIDEO TAPE
 ACTION PHOTOGRAPHS
 DOCUMENTARY ACCOUNTS
 ACCIDENT STATISTICS
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JOB AND TASK ANALYSIS
Continued
EVALUATING THE DATA
 TASK DESCRIPTION
 SUB-TASK DESCRIPTION
 ELEMENT DESCRIPTION
 RISK FACTOR/HAZARD IDENTIFICATION
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JOB AND TASK ANALYSIS
Continued
FORMULATING CONTROL MEASURES
 ELIMINATE OR REDUCE EXPOSURE
 ENGINEERING CONTROL MEASURES
 ADMINISTRATIVE CONTROL MEASURES
 APPLICATION OF SAFE WORK PRINCIPLES
 PERSONAL PROTECTIVE EQUIPMENT
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JOB AND TASK ANALYSIS
Continued
JOB HAZARD ANALYSIS FORM
 STEP
- Action Being Performed
 HAZARD
- Description of potential Injury
 CAUSE
- Probable cause of potential injury
 PREVENTION
- Prevention control measure
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JOB AND TASK ANALYSIS
Continued
JOB HAZARD ANALYSIS
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JOB TITLE
LEFT HAND
RIGHT HAND
FREQUENCY
NOTES
POSTURE
FORCE
 NWACC
DURATION
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- Action Being Performed
- How is it Used
- How is it Used
- Usually times per minute
- Supporting information
- Acceptable to extreme
- High, Medium, Low
- Quantifiable amount
- Length of Stressor
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JOB AND TASK ANALYSIS
Continued
STEPS IN CONDUCTING JOB HAZARD ANALYSIS
STEP 1 - DETERMINE GENERAL CONDITIONS OF JOB
STEP 2 - BREAK DOWN THE JOB
STEP 3 - IDENTIFY THE HAZARDS
STEP 4 - EVALUATE THE HAZARDS
STEP 5 - RECOMMEND PROTECTIVE MEASURES
STEP 6 - REVISE THE JHA AS NECESSARY
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JOB AND TASK ANALYSIS
Continued
STEP 1 - DETERMINING GENERAL CONDITIONS OF JOB
 SET THE EMPLOYEE TO BE OBSERVED AT EASE.
 POINT OUT THAT YOU ARE STUDYING THE JOB NOT
PERFORMANCE!
 INVOLVE THE EMPLOYEE IN THE ANALYSIS.
 SPEAK WITH CO-WORKERS.
 DETERMINE THE EFFECT OF THE JOB ON CO-WORKERS.
 REVIEW ANTICIPATED RISK FACTORS
 REVIEW GENERAL CONDITIONS FOR PERFORMING JOB.
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JOB AND TASK ANALYSIS
Continued
STEP 2 - BREAKING DOWN THE JOB
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LIST EACH STEP IN ORDER OF OCCURRENCE.
RECORD EACH STEP OF JOB ACTION.
GO OVER THE STEPS WITH THE EMPLOYEE.
FINALIZE THE STEPS INVOLVED.
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JOB AND TASK ANALYSIS
Continued
STEP 3 - IDENTIFYING THE HAZARDS
 EXAMINE EACH STEP TO DETERMINE EXISTING HAZARDS.
 ASK THESE KINDS OF (WHO & WHAT) QUESTIONS:
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CAN CLOTHING OR JEWELRY GET CAUGHT?
WHAT FIXED OBJECTS COULD CAUSE PUNCTURES?
WHAT COULD THE WORKER GET CAUGHT “BETWEEN”?
WHAT CAN THE WORKER GET CAUGHT IN, REACHING
OVER, UNDER, AROUND OR THROUGH ETC.?
 IS THE WORKER OFF-BALANCE AT ANY TIME?
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JOB AND TASK ANALYSIS
Continued
STEP 3 - IDENTIFYING THE HAZARDS
(Continued)
 ASK THESE KINDS OF (WHO & WHAT) QUESTIONS:
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IS THE WORKER POSITIONED DANGEROUSLY?
WHAT REPETITIVE MOTION INJURIES ARE LIKELY?
WHAT MOVING PARTS COULD STRIKE THE WORKER?
CAN THE WORKER FALL FROM ONE LEVEL TO ANOTHER?
CAN THE WORKER BE INJURED FROM CARRYING HEAVY
OBJECTS?
 WHAT ENVIRONMENTAL HAZARDS EXIST?
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JOB AND TASK ANALYSIS
Continued
STEP 4 - EVALUATING THE HAZARDS
 ASK THESE KINDS OF (WHY & HOW) QUESTIONS:
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WHY ISN’T PPE SERVICEABLE?
WHY IS PPE IMPROPERLY WORN?
WHY DOESN’T PPE FIT PROPERLY?
HOW CAN LOCKOUT PROCEDURES BE IMPROVED?
WHAT CAUSES THE WORKER TO CONTACT SHARPS?
WHY HAS PROPER TRAINING NOT BEEN CONDUCTED?
HOW CAN THE FLOW OF WORK BE ORGANIZED BETTER?
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JOB AND TASK ANALYSIS
Continued
STEP 5 - RECOMMENDING PROTECTIVE MEASURES
 DETERMINE IF THE JOB COULD BE PERFORMED IN
ANOTHER WAY TO REDUCE THE HAZARDS.
 LIST EACH SAFER JOB STEP OR PROTECTIVE MEASURE.
 BE SPECIFIC!
 IF JOB HAZARDS ARE STILL PRESENT:
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REDUCE NECESSITY.
REDUCE FREQUENCY.
CONSIDER JOB ROTATION.
CONSIDER JOB ENLARGEMENT.
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JOB AND TASK ANALYSIS
Continued
STEPS IN CONDUCTING JOB HAZARD ANALYSIS
STEP 6 - REVISING THE JHA
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JHA’S MUST BE REVIEWED & REVISED PERIODICALLY.
REPEAT JHA’S CAN CATCH HAZARDS ON THE SECOND LOOK.
IF AN INJURY OR CLOSE-CALL OCCURS REDO THE JHA.
RETRAINING SHOULD FOLLOW EACH JHA.
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OSHA'S PERCEPTION
OF A SUCCESSFUL PROGRAM
1. DETAILED WRITTEN HAZARD ASSESSMENTS
2. DETAILED WRITTEN SAFETY PROCEDURES
3. EXTENSIVE EMPLOYEE TRAINING PROGRAMS
4. PERIODIC REINFORCEMENT OF TRAINING
5. SUFFICIENT DISCIPLINE REGARDING IMPLEMENTATION
6. FOLLOW-UP
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