SAFE CHEMICAL HANDLING
HAZARDOUS
MATERIALS
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SAFE CHEMICAL HANDLING
OSHA TRAINING
OSHA 29 CFR 1910
WELCOME
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BASIS FOR THIS COURSE
THE BOTTOM LINE
TRAINING YOU TO BE KNOWLEDGEABLE
OF HOW TO LOWER YOUR LIFETIME
WORKPLACE EXPOSURE AND DOSAGE
TO THE CHEMICALS AND TOXIC MATERIALS
YOU ARE POTENTIALLY EXPOSED TO IN
YOUR DAILY WORKING LIFE!
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REGULATORY STANDARD
FLAMMABLE AND COMBUSTIBLE LIQUIDS
29CFR - 1910 - 106
29CFR - SAFETY AND HEALTH STANDARDS
1910 - GENERAL INDUSTRY
FLAMMABLE
LIQUID
FLAMMABLE
LIQUID
ETHYLMETHYL
NASTY
ETHYLMETHYL
NASTY
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106 - FLAMMABLE AND
COMBUSTIBLE LIQUIDS
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REGULATORY STANDARD
HAZARD COMMUNICATION
29CFR - 1910 - 1200
29CFR - SAFETY AND HEALTH STANDARDS
1910 - GENERAL INDUSTRY
1200 - HAZCOM STANDARD
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PERSONAL PROTECTIVE EQUIPMENT
PERSONAL PROTECTIVE EQUIPMENT REQUIREMENTS:
 Follow Local Job Procedures.
 Review the Relative Material Safety Data Sheet.
 If You Have Questions Consult Your Supervisor.
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GENERAL CONCEPTS OF TOXICOLOGY
EVERYTHING IS TOXIC; IT ALL DEPENDS ON THE DOSE
HOW WELL THE BODY ACCEPTS A SUBSTANCE DEPENDS ON:
 THE TYPE OF SUBSTANCE
 THE AMOUNT (DOSE) ABSORBED
 THE PERIOD OF TIME OVER WHICH IT IS ABSORBED
 THE SUSCEPTIBILITY/SENSITIVITY OF THE PERSON EXPOSED
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GENERAL CONCEPTS OF TOXICOLOGY
DEGREE OF HARM TO BODY DEPENDENT ON:
 CONDITIONS OF USE
 PHYSICAL PROPERTIES OF THE CHEMICAL
 ROUTES OF EXPOSURE
 DURATION OF THE EXPOSURE
 CONCENTRATION OF THE CONTAMINANT IN AIR
 INDIVIDUAL SUSCEPTIBILITY OF THE EXPOSED PERSON
 TOXICITY OF THE CHEMICAL
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STATES OF MATTER
 SOLID
 LIQUID  GAS
CHANGE OF STATE CAN OCCUR DUE TO:




HEAT
COLD
ATMOSPHERIC PRESSURE
INTERACTION WITH OTHER CHEMICALS
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STATES OF MATTER
AIRBORNE CONTAMINANTS:
 FUME
 VAPOR
 DUST
 GAS
 MIST
 SMOKE
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TYPES OF PROCESSES
 OPEN
 CLOSED
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TYPES OF PROCESSES
 OPEN
 PLATING
 DEGREASING
 PARTS PAINTING
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 CLOSED
 REFINING
 DISTILLING
 GAS PRODUCTION
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HANDLING GASES
HAZARDS:
 PRESSURE
 TOXICITY
 EXPLOSION  CORROSIVITY
 FIRE
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 REACTIVITY
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HANDLING GASES
GASES -
PRE-OPERATION SAFETY
1. Inspect cylinder for damage before use.
2. Ensure “in use” label is present.
3. Ensure all labels and warnings are readable.
4. Place upright on stable dry surface.
5. Ensure cylinder is restrained above mid-point.
6. Keep heat, flame, and electricity away from cylinder.
7. Operate in accordance with local safety procedures.
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HANDLING GASES
GASES -
POST-OPERATION SAFETY
1. Ensure “empty” or like label present.
2. Remove from operation following procedures.
3. Ensure valve closed completely and cap cylinder.
4. Never roll, transport cylinders using handtruck.
5. Never underestimate hazards associated with compressed gases.
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STORING GASES
GASES -
STORAGE REQUIREMENTS
 Store only in designated areas.
 Store and use on a first-in, first-out basis.
 Never store without proper labeling.
 Identify all empty cylinders.
 Store like gases with like gases.
 Separate empty cylinders from full ones.
 Store within proper temperature ranges.
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STORING GASES
GASES -
STORAGE REQUIREMENTS
 Store outside when possible.
 Protect from weather and direct sunlight.
 Ensure storage areas meets guidelines.
 Never store where temperature can rise to 130f.
 Place caps on stored cylinders.
 Store valve end up in a secure area.
 Inspect and properly tag defective cylinders.
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STORING GASES
THE BOTTOM LINE
 Follow all safety guidelines.
 Review current storage requirements.
 Know - compressed gas association rules.
 Know - NFPA rules.
 Know - OSHA rules.
 Know - the local policy.
 Never underestimate compressed gases!
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HANDLING IGNITABLE LIQUIDS
TYPES AND DEFINITIONS:
 Flashpoint - minimum ignition temp. for ignitable vapor
 Flammable - flashpoint below 100 deg. (F.)
 Combustible - flashpoint at or above 100 deg. (F.)
 Pyrophoric - can ignite spontaneously
 Flammable range - vapor/air ratio that will burn
 Volatility - tendency to change to vapor state
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HANDLING IGNITABLE LIQUIDS
CHECK FOR COMPATIBILITY!
SOLVENT
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OXIDIZER
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STORING IGNITABLE LIQUIDS
STORING FLAMMABLE AND COMBUSTIBLE LIQUIDS:
 LEVELS OF STORAGE:
 HAZARDOUS MATERIALS STORAGE FACILITY
 IN-PLANT STORAGE CABINETS
 TOTES, DRUMS/BARRELS
 PORTABLE CONTAINERS
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FLAMMABLE
LIQUIDS
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STORING IGNITABLE LIQUIDS
 HAZARDOUS MATERIALS STORAGE FACILITY
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Dedicated fire suppression system
Make-up air
Exhaust ventilation
Explosion-proof lighting and heating
Floor drains
2-Hour fire rating on structure
Proper signage and safety procedures
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FLAMMABLE
LIQUIDS
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STORING IGNITABLE LIQUIDS
 TOTES, DRUMS AND BARRELS
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Should be moved to storage ASAP
Make best use of just-in-time system
Bonding wires must be used
FLAMMABLE
Local fire codes must be considered
LIQUIDS
Bonding - container to container
Grounding - container to structural ground
No ignition sources within 25 feet
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STORING IGNITABLE LIQUIDS
 PORTABLE CONTAINERS
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Bond from drum to container during transfer
Store in safety cabinets when not in use
Check for leak-tightness
Check for serviceable vent mechanism
Do not remove flame arrester screens
Do not overfill (high temps will cause overflow)
Follow warnings and safety procedures
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FLAMMABLE
LIQUIDS
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STORING IGNITABLE LIQUIDS
 GENERAL SAFETY PRECAUTIONS
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Remove electrical equipment
Use spark resistant tools
Use safe techniques to move containers
Use proper dispensing faucets
Follow warnings and use labels
Properly dispose of empty containers
Follow proper inspection procedures
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FLAMMABLE
LIQUIDS
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HANDLING CORROSIVE LIQUIDS
 ACIDS
 BASES  OXIDIZERS
AFFECT OTHER MATERIALS BY CONTACT:
 Acids and bases affect material by contact
 Acids and bases affect each other
 Oxidizers increase hazard during fires
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HANDLING CORROSIVE LIQUIDS
DOT DEFINITION
OXIDIZER
A material such as a chlorate, permanganate, or
inorganic peroxide that will give off oxygen readily to
stimulate the combustion of organic material.
OXIDIZER
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HANDLING CORROSIVE LIQUIDS
 OXIDIZERS
 Provide oxygen for combustion
 React violently with flammables and combustibles
 Must be kept separate from all other classes of materials
OXIDIZER
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HANDLING CORROSIVE LIQUIDS
DOT DEFINITION
CORROSIVE
A liquid or solid that causes visible Destruction or
irreversible damage To skin tissue at the point of
contact, Or that has a severe corrosion rate on
steel.
CORROSIVE
MATERIALS
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HANDLING CORROSIVE LIQUIDS
OSHA DEFINITION
CORROSIVE
ACID
A chemical that causes visible
destruction of, or irreversible
alterations in living tissue by
chemical action at the site of
contact.
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HANDLING CORROSIVE LIQUIDS
ACIDS AND BASES
- pH. THE pH OF A LIQUID IS THE NUMERICAL MEASURE
OF ITS RELATIVE ACIDITY OR ALKALINITY. THE RANGE
IS FROM 0 - 14 WITH A NEUTRAL LEVEL EXPRESSED AS
A pH OF 7.0.
 ABOVE 7.0
THE LIQUID IS MORE ALKALINE OR BASIC.
 BELOW 7.0
THE LIQUID IS MORE ACIDIC.
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HANDLING CORROSIVE LIQUIDS
ACID
ACIDS AND BASES
BASE
COMMON ACIDS (pH 0-6)
COMMON BASES (pH 8-14)
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HYDROCHLORIC ACID
HYDROFLUORIC ACID
NITRIC ACID
PHOSPHORIC ACID
CHROMIC ACID
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SODIUM HYDROXIDE (LYE)
SODIUM HYPOCHLORITE (BLEACH)
AQUEOUS AMMONIA
POTASSIUM HYDROXIDE (POTASH)
AMMONIUM HYDROXIDE
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HANDLING CORROSIVE LIQUIDS
CHECK FOR COMPATIBILITY!
LOW pH
ACID
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BASE
HIGH pH
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STORING CORROSIVE LIQUIDS
 STORAGE
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Inspect before placing in storage
Separate acids from bases
Separate acids & bases from other materials
Use drip pans under containers
Use personal protective equipment (PPE)
Use correct dilutions sequences
Use approved storage containers
CORROSIVE
MATERIALS
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HANDLING HIGHLY TOXIC LIQUIDS
 HANDLING
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Can react with themselves or other materials
Water and air reactives are greatest concern
Know the adverse health effects
Restrict access to these materials
Carefully review storage requirements
Ensure sufficient training levels achieved
Use adequate personal protective equipment
Use approved storage containers
HIGHLY TOXIC
MATERIALS
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HANDLING HIGHLY TOXIC LIQUIDS
CHECK FOR COMPATIBILITY!
BLEACH
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AMMONIA
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STORING HIGHLY TOXIC LIQUIDS
 STORAGE
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Inspect before placing in storage
Separate from incompatibles
Use personal protective equipment (PPE)
Use approved storage containers
HIGHLY TOXIC
MATERIALS
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HANDLING REACTIVE LIQUIDS
 HANDLING
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Know the adverse health effects
Know the reactive nature of the material
Separate from incompatibles
Restrict access to these materials
Carefully review storage requirements
Ensure sufficient training levels achieved
Use adequate personal protective equipment
Use approved storage containers
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REACTIVE
MATERIALS
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HANDLING REACTIVE LIQUIDS
CHECK FOR COMPATIBILITY!
MAGNESIUM
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WATER
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STORING REACTIVE LIQUIDS
 STORAGE

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

Inspect before placing in storage
Separate from incompatibles
Use personal protective equipment (PPE)
Use approved storage containers
REACTIVE
MATERIALS
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HANDLING SOLID MATERIALS
 HANDLING - PORTABLE CONTAINERS
 DRUMS/BARRELS
 TOTES
 BAGS
 HANDLING - BULK STORAGE
 TANKS
 HOPPERS
 SILOS
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HIGHLY TOXIC
MATERIALS
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HANDLING SOLID MATERIALS
 TRANSFER
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Manual method
Mechanical method
Follow safety procedures
Avoid suspending particles
Use dust control techniques
RESPIRATORY
HAZARD
 HAZARDS
 Dust primary hazard
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HANDLING SOLID MATERIALS
 PARTICLE SIZE
0.25 
1.00 
5.00 
TIME TO FALL 1 FOOT
590.0
54.0
2.5
*
MINUTES
MINUTES
MINUTES
 = MICRON
* = SHAPE IS A FACTOR
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RESPIRATORY
HAZARD
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STORING SOLID MATERIALS
 STORAGE
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Inspect container before placing in storage
Separate from incompatibles
Use mechanical devices to lift heavy bags
Use personal protective equipment (PPE)
Protect from contamination in storage
Use exhaust ventilation
Empty bags have residual product inside
Use approved storage containers
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EMPTY CONTAINER MANAGEMENT
 HANDLING AND DISPOSAL
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Inspect container for product residuals
Do not use empty containers as trash cans
Check with environmental management
Triple rinse reusable containers
Remember - residual product is hazardous too
Follow local procedures
Check with supervisor if policy is unclear
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