Name: ___________________________________________________
Period: ________________________________
BIOLOGY 1A FINAL EXAM REVIEW
GENETICS (CHAPTERS 11, 13, 14)
1. Different forms of a gene (B or b) are called _____________________________________________.
2. Term used to describe alleles that are different (Bb). ________________________________________________
3. Term used to describe alleles that are the same (BB or bb). __________________________________________
4. The type of inheritance where both alleles show in the phenotype of an organism is called __________________
_______________________________________________.
5. Who is considered the Father of Modern Genetics? _________________________________________________
6. Term used to describe the genetic makeup of an organism. ___________________________________________
7. ___________________________________ is known as the study of heredity.
8. The type of inheritance where one allele is not completely dominant over the other; they mix. ________________
_____________________________________
9. Term used to describe the physical characteristics of an organism. _____________________________________
10. Term used to describe a chart that shows relationships within a family. __________________________________
11. When humans allow only organisms with desirable traits to reproduce, this is known as ____________________
______________________________________.
12. _________________________________________________ is the continued breeding of individuals with similar
characteristics (i.e., breeding of purebred dogs).
13. A _________________________________________ is a photograph of chromosomes grouped in ordered pairs.
14. A _______________________________________ is a genetically identical organism produced from a single cell.
15. These determine whether an organism is male or female. ____________________________________________
16. A ____________________________ __________________________ is an inherited condition caused by a DNA
abnormality.
17. Term used to describe sex cells (egg and sperm). __________________________________________________
18. The process of changing an organism’s DNA is known as ___________________________________________.
19. _________________________________________________ is the crossing of two species to bring together the
best traits of both (i.e., poodle + Labrador = labradoodle).
20. A ____________________________________ is a sequence of DNA that determines a trait.
21. A _____________________ _________________________ is used to determine the probable outcome of a
genetic cross.
22. What are the four blood types in humans? _____________________________________________________
23. Blood type in humans is an example of a trait that has multiple alleles. What are the three alleles that a person
could inherit from their parents for blood type? _________________________________________________
EVOLUTION (CHAPTERS 15, 16, 17)
1. The ability of an organism to survive and reproduce in its environment is known as ________________________.
2. A _______________________________ _______________________________ is something that serves no
useful function (i.e., appendix in humans).
3. The idea or principle that all living things have a common ancestor is known as the idea of __________________
________________________________________.
4. The term used to describe change over time is ____________________________________________________.
5. _______________________________________________________________ have different mature forms but
develop from the same embryonic tissues.
6. The idea that individuals best suited to their environment will survive and reproduce (a.k.a. survival of the fittest) is
known as _______________________________________________________________.
7. When two species evolve in response to changes in each other, this is known ____________________________.
8. An _____________________________________________ is an inherited characteristic that increases an
organism’s chance of survival.
9. The formation of a new species is known as ______________________________________________________.
10. ______________________ ____________________________ is a type of isolation in which two populations are
separated physically by geographic barriers such as rivers or mountains.
11. ______________________ ____________________________ is the separation of populations so that they
cannot interbreed and produce fertile offspring.
12. A ________________________ is a group of similar organisms that can breed and produce fertile offspring.
13. ___________________________ _____________________________ are those that have similar functions but
different structures.
14. A change in allele frequency due to a small subgroup of a population migrating is referred to as the
_______________________________ ___________________________________.
15. A random change in allele frequencies in a small population is known as ________________________________
______________________________.
16. __________________________________________ theorized that organisms acquired their traits throughout
their lifetime and somehow passed them on to their offspring (i.e., a giraffe would stretch his neck to reach leaves
higher up on the trees and then offspring would be born with longer necks as well).
17. __________________________________________ theorized that organisms most suited to their environments
will survive; survival of the fittest.
18. When unrelated organisms evolve similarities when adapting to similar environments, this is referred to as
_________________________________ ______________________________________________.
19. Scientists use this to represent evolutionary time: __________________________________________________
__________________________________________________________________________________________
20. Information about past life can be seen in the _____________________________________________________.
21. When many types of living things become extinct at the same time, we refer to this as a ____________________
________________________________________________.
22. The preserved remains or evidence of ancient organisms are called ___________________________________.
23. This is the term used to represent the pattern of evolution in which long stable periods are interrupted by periods
of rapid change: ___________________________________ ____________________________________.
24. The rapid growth in the diversity of a group of organisms is known as ___________________________________
______________________________________________.