Name: ________________________________ Date: __________________ Block: __________
UNIT 1: CHEMISTRY OF LIFE REVIEW SHEET FOR EXAM
1.
The three particles that make up the atom is
1.
2.
3.
2.
The space surrounding the nucleus of the atom contains _____________________________
in _______________________________ (or orbitals).
3.
What is a subatomic particle? What is inside the nucleus?
4.
An isotope is _______________________________________________________________
5.
What is a “radioactive isotope” and what are they used for?
6.
If an atom has 11 protons, 12 neutrons, and 10 electrons, then
the atomic number is ___________, the atomic weight is ____________, and the charge of
this atom/ion is ____________.
7.
What is a “compound” and what is a “molecule”?? What is the difference?
8.
Draw three water molecules. Be sure to show the polarity and the ability to hydrogen bond
between the molecules.
9.
Each water molecule has exactly _______ oxygen atom(s) and _______ hydrogen atom(s).
10. A covalent bond is __________________________________________________________
whereas an ionic bond is _____________________________________________________
11. What type of electron is responsible for interactions, reactions, and bonds?
Name: ________________________________ Date: __________________ Block: __________
12. What type of ion forms when an atom loses electrons? _____________________
13. What type of ion forms when an atom gains electrons? _____________________
14. Why does ice float on water? What causes this phenomenon? (draw a picture)
15. If you stir Kool-aid into water, you made a ___________________________________.
16. In the above example, water is the __________________ and Kool-aid is the
________________.
17. Amino acid is to _______________________ as simple sugar is to carbohydrate.
18. A monosaccharide is a ___________________________________________________.
19. Which organic compound is the main source of energy for living things? ___________.
20. What is the function(s) for proteins? i.e. what is the purpose for them?
21. What occurs to the elements and number of elements in a chemical reaction?
22. Consider the synthesis of water:
2H2 + O2  2H2O
a. Water is a ______________________.
b. H2 is a _________________________.
c. There are _______ hydrogen atoms on the left.
23. The energy needed to get a reaction started is known as the _________________________.
24. If a reaction is exothermic in the forward direction than it must be ____________________
in the reverse. (Meaning if a reaction _________________________ energy in the forward
direction, then it must _________________________ energy in the reverse direction.
25. A catalyst is a __________________ that _______________________ the rate of a reaction.
26. How does an enzyme affect the reactions of living cells?
Name: ________________________________ Date: __________________ Block: __________
27. Why are atoms considered neutral? Why is this beneficial?
28. What is “adhesion” and “cohesion”?? Why does water exhibit both of these forces?
29. The four groups of organ compounds found in living things are:
a. ___________________ - (define and give an example: __________________
______________________________________________________________.
b. ___________________ - (define and give an example: __________________
______________________________________________________________.
c. ___________________ - (define and give an example: __________________
______________________________________________________________.
d. ___________________ - (define and give an example: __________________
______________________________________________________________.
Complete the following table and answer questions 30 – 34.
Element
Hydrogen
Carbon
Oxygen
Aluminum
Symbol
Protons
Neutrons
Electrons
Atomic
Number
1
C
6
8
8
Al+3
30. Why is the mass number of this oxygen atom not 16?
31. What do we call the aluminum in this table? What does this mean?
32. Which element or ion has 14 neutrons?
33. What does the atomic number ALWAYS mean?
34. Why does the mass number not include the number of electrons?
Mass
Number
1
12
18
27
Name: ________________________________ Date: __________________ Block: __________
35. What is the strongest acid in the table?
36. What is the second strongest acid?
37. What is the weakest acid in the table?
38. What is the weakest base in the table?
39. What is the strongest base in the table?
pH Values of Some Common Substances
Substance
pH
Hydrochloric Acid
1.0
Sulfuric Acid
1.2
Tomatoes
4.2
Rain Water
6.2
Pure Water
7.0
Sea Water
8.5
Ammonium Chloride
11.1
Sodium Hydroxide
13.0
40. Define pH: ________________________________________________________________
41. If a solution has a H+ concentration less than that of water, than it would be a ___________
Increasing Activity 
Effect of Temp on
Two Different Enzymes
Temperature (°C)
42. Which enzyme would you expect to see in animals in very cold climates?
43. Which enzyme has the greatest effective range?
44. At what temperature would these two enzymes have the same amount of activity?
45. What happens to enzymes at very cold temperatures? What happens to enzymes at very hot
temperatures?